2022年北京高考英语真题及答案

2022年北京高考试题及答案英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题

1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑OneMondaymorningwhilethechildrenwereenjoyingfreeplay”Isteppedtothedoorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.SuddenlyI]amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.ThiswastheverydoorI2guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill（寒意）gothroughmybody.MylegscarriedmetothatdoorandIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwas3thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas4toopenthedoor.Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!WithoutawordIrushedhimtothehospital.Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.Hedneedtimeto5andwouldntcomeforclassthenextdayIthought.Thenextmorningoneofthefirstto6wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Notonlydidheruninwithenergybuthis7couldbeheardasloudasever!Igavehimawarmhugandtoldhimhow8Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayedwithmealltheseyears“Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”ThatcoldMondaymorninghewaitedalonglongwhileforadultsto

9.Toachildeveryminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidntattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin10第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空请在答题卡指定区域作答AHelenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate11theeveningherarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebagsshedidntnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedonsheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention12harmherHelenstartedtorun.Eventuallytheman13catchupwithherandhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!BWhydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothersOnetheoryincreasingly14supportbyexpertssuggeststhatsmellpreferencesarelearned.Itseasytoexplainhowwedetermine15smellsaredangerousornot:welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally16havenorecognisablesmell.Howeverastrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.CSincepeoplecantalwayseatoutorcookfbr17theytheygettakeoutororderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewasteespeciallyplasticwaste.Thatincludescupsbottlesandbagsmostof18areonlygoodfbroneuse.Thafsabigproblemanditisgettingeven19bad.Theuseofthoseplastics20increaseby300%since

2019.Theworldwontsurviveifthissituationcontinues.第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑APeer同伴AssistedStudySessionsPASSisapeer-facilitatedlearningprogrammeavailabletostudentsenrolled注册inmostcoreunitsofstudyinourbusinessschool.PASSinvolvesweeklysessionswhereyouworkingroupstotacklespeciallypreparedproblemsetsbasedaroundaunitofstudyyoureenrolledin.PASSdoesntre-teachordelivernewcontent.Ifsanopportunitytodeepenyourunderstandingofthekeypointsfromlecturematerialswhileyouareapplyingyourskillstosolveproblems.Youworkinteractivelywithyourpeers.Asapeergroupyoudecidewhatiscoveredineachsession.ThatwayPASSdirectlyrespondstoyourneedsandfeedback.RegistrationinTerm2willopenat9am21September

2022.WaitinglistsIfasessionisfullyoucanregisterforthewaitinglist.Wewillemailyouifaplacebecomesavailableorifanewsessionistobeheld.Whenyouareplacedonawaitinglistwewillemailyouanumberwhichtellsyouwhereyouareonthelist.Ifyouareclosetothefrontofthelistyouhaveagoodchanceofgainingaplaceintheprogrammeinthenearfuture.DeregisteringIfyoumisstwoPASSsessionsinarowyouwillbederegisteredandyourplacewillbegiventosomeoneonthewaitinglist.Makesureyoufillintheattendancesheetateachsessiontorecordyourattendance.Youllbeinformedbyemailifyouarebeingderegisteredasaresultofmissingsessions.IfyoubelieveyouhavereceivedtheemailinerroremailthePASSofficeatpassoffice@umbs.edu.

21.InPASSstudents.A.attendnewlecturesB.decidetheirownschedulesC.prepareproblemsetsingroupsD.usetheirskillstosolveproblemsWhatcanstudentsdoifasessionisfullA.Fillintheattendancesheet.B.Signupforthewaitinglist.C.Reporttheirneedsandfeedback.D.Emailtheofficetheirnumbersonthelist.Studentswillbederegisteredif.A.theysendemailsinerrorB.theyfailtoworkinteractivelyC.theygivetheirplacestoothersD.theymisstwosessionsinarowBMynameisAlice.EarlylastyearIwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled（削弱）myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledonconstantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdidwhichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossiblebutitconsumedme.OnedayIattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredmebutalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim-anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.AmonthlaterBrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.LookingbackInowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpassbutthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitationapplicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.IdecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplicationsandsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandIverealisedthatmybiggestobstacle（障石导）thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Icant.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterallnaturedoesnotrequireourpatiencebutouraction.WhatwasthemaincauseforAlicesanxietyA・Herinabilitytoactherage.B.Herhabitofconsumption.C・Herdesiretobeperfect.D.Herlackofinspiration.HowdidGrantBrownspresentationinfluenceAliceA.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore.A.intelligentB.confidentC.innovativeD.criticalWhatcanwelearnfromthispassageA.Practicemakesperfect.B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.C.Actionisworrysworstenemy.D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.C“WhatwouldCheworldbeifthereweremohunger”IfsaquestionthatProfessorCrystalwouldaskherstudents.Theyfoundithardtoanswershewrotelaterbecauseimaginingsomethingthatisntpartofreallife——andlearninghowtomakeitreal——isarareskill.Itistaughttoartistsandengineersbutmuchlessoftentoscientists.Crystalsetouttochangethatandhelpedtocreateaglobalmovement.Theresult-anapproachknownassystemsthinking-isnowseenasessentialinmeetingglobalchallenges.Systemsthinkingiscrucialtoachievingtargetssuchaszerohungerandbetternutritionbecauseitrequiresconsideringthewayinwhichfoodisproducedprocesseddeliveredandconsumedandlookingathowthosethingsintersect（交叉）withhumanhealththeenvironmenteconomicsandsociety.Accordingtosystemsthinkingchangingthefoodsystem-oranyothernetwork-requiresthreethingstohappen.Firstresearchersneedtoidentifyalltheplayersinthatsystem;secondtheymustworkouthowtheyrelatetoeachother;andthirdtheyneedtounderstandandquantifytheimpactofthoserelationshipsoneachotherandonthoseoutsidethesystem.Takenutrition.InthelatestUNreportonglobalfoodsecuritythenumberofundernourished（营养不良）peopleintheworldhasbeenrisingdespitegreatadvancesinnutritionscience.Trackingof150biochemicalsinfoodhasbeenimportantinrevealingtherelationshipsbetweencaloriessugarfatandtheoccurrenceofcommondiseases.Butusingmachinelearningandartificialintelligencesomescientistsproposethathumandietsconsistofatleast26000biochemicals—andthatthevastmajorityarenotknown.Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumptionthateveryoneinthesystemhasequalpower.Butassomeresearchersfindthefoodsystemisnotanequalone.Agoodwaytoredress（修正）suchpowerimbalanceisformoreuniversitiestodowhatCrystaldidandteachstudentshowtothinkusingasystemsapproach.Moreresearcherspolicymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustrymustlearntolookbeyondtheirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedontproduceresultsbutconcludedthatwellneverproduceresultsthatwecantenvision”.

28.TheauthorusesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1to.A.illustrateanargumentB.highlightanopinionC.introducethetopicD.predicttheendingWhatcanbeinferredaboutthefieldofnutritionA.Thefirstobjectiveofsystemsthinkinghasntbeenachieved.B・Therelationshipsamongplayershavebeenclarified.C.Machinelearningcansolvethenutritionproblem.D.Theimpactofnutritioncannotbequantified.AsforsystemsthinkingwhichwouldtheauthoragreewithA・Itmaybeusedtojustifypowerimbalance.B・Itcanbeappliedtotacklechallenges.C.Ithelpstoprovewhyhungerexists.D.Itgoesbeyondhumanimagination.DQuantum（量子）computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeensendingmearticlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.Ivealsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnsonwhoIseeassomeonewhohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.Fordecadesquantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Nowbigtechcompanieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputingashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeeklyquantummachinescouldhelpus“curecancerandeventakestepstoturnclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.Thisisthesortofhype（炒作）thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchersaremakingpromisestheycantkeep.Whatsnew；Johnsonwrote“isthatmillionsofdollarsarenowpotentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers.Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfundingresearchersmaymisleadinvestorsjournaliststhepublicandworstofallthemselvesabouttheirworkspotential.IfresearcherscantkeeptheirpromisesexcitementmightgivewaytodoubtdisappointmentandangerJohnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.ButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohypeJohnsonsuggestsperhapsbecause“quantumstandsfbrsomethingcoolyoushouldntbeabletounderstand.^^AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylorwhosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.AfterIreadthebookTaylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.HealsoansweredmyquestionsaboutPyQuantumthefirmheco-foundedin

2016.TaylorsharesJohnsonsconcernsabouthypebuthesaysthoseconcernsdonotapplytoPyQuantum.Thecompanyhesaysiscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin（幅度广tobuildingauseful“quantumcomputeronethatsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenabletosolveotherwise75HeaddsPeoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinionsbutIhavespentalotoftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers.”CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition“byawidemargin”asTaylorclaimsIdontknow.Imcertainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButItrustTaylorjustasItrustJohnson.RegardingJohnsonsconcernstheauthorfeels.A.sympatheticB.unconcernedC.doubtfulD.excitedWhatleadstoTaylorsoptimismaboutquantumcomputingA.Hisdominanceinphysics.B.Thecompetitioninthefield.C.HisconfidenceinPyQuantum.D.Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprone“inParagraph3mostprobablymeanA.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.WhichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylorB・IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnologyWillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeingWillQuantumComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Healthandfitnesshelpapersonliveagoodandhealthylife.Oftenduetovariouspressureswetendtoignoreourhealth.35Itisthefitnesslevelofourbodythathelpsusfightthesediseases.36Weneedtobefittohaveahealthybody.Similarlyifwearehealthyweshallnaturallybeattractedtowardsmaintainingthefitnessofourbody.Healthisthestateofourbodyatagiventime.Wemaynothaveanydiseasebutstillhaveaweakbodywhichisreadytobetargetedbyviruses.37Thisdoesnotdefinitelymeanthatwearenothealthy.Itmeansthefitnesslevelisnotinaccordancewithourageandtheclimaticconditionswelivein.Itisimportantforeveryonetodevotesometimetohealthandfitness.38Forinstancewemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageandworkingstyle.Therearedifferentlevelsofexercisesfordifferentagegroupsandwemustdothemaccordingtoourownhealthandage.Additionallyitisimportanttorelaxourbody.Weshouldhaveatleastsixtoeighthoursofsleepeveryday.Ithelpsinimprovingourimmune（免疫）systemandprotectsusagainstdiseases.39Thisinturngivesusnewgoalsofhealthandfitness.A.Fitnesslevelsdecidethequalityoflife.B・Healthandfitnessareinterrelatedtoeachother.Italsohelpsinkeepinguscalmandrelaxesourmind.Forinstancewemayhaveatendencytocatchacoldeasily.Ifwekeepourbodyfitwecanenjoylifeinabettermanner.Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife.Thismakesourbodysufferandwecatchlifestyleandotherdiseases.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第

40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题请在答题卡指定区域作答Toma15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur（仓业者）witnessedathisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.Heknewtherehadtobeabetterportabledrinksolutionanddecidedtoinnovatefromsomethinghesawinhisownhome:fruitinfused（浸泡）water.Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.FromobservinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptionshecameupwithhisoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle.Iwantedtocomeupwithahealthynaturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthego.AbigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinksJTomexplains.Thebottleismadewithastrainer（滤网）thatallowsthegreattastesandnaturalsugarsofthevariousfruitsandvegetablesyouchoosetocomethroughthewaterwithoutanyoftheseedsorskinsflowingthrough.TomisproudofhisdesignandexcitedtobesellingtheFunBottleonhiswebsiteandinstoresbutthis15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovidehealthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationforaHealthierGeneration（OHG）.Tomhasbeenawardedseveralprizesbutthisteenageinnovatorremainshumble.Whenaskedwhatadvicehedgiveotherentrepreneurialyouthhesays“Prepareandhaveyourfamilyssupport.Itisimportanttoknowfromthebeginningthattherearealotofhighsandlowsandthereisnosuchthingasovernightsuccess.”WhatdidTomwitnessathisownschoolWheredidTomgettheideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFunBottlePleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatementthenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ATomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.AmongTomsqualitieswhichonesdoyouthinkwillbeimportantfbrusWhyInabout40words第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你打算邀请英国好友Jim为你们班做一关于英语写作的线上经验交流请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括.建议交流的具体内容及其原因；.交流时间和其他相关事项注意

1.词数100左右；.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数DearJimYoursLiHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

26.B

27.C

28.C

29.A

30.B

31.A

32.C

33.A

34.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

35.G

36.B

37.D

38.F

39.C第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第

40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）Tomwitnessedthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykidsathisownschool.Tomgottheideafromobservinghismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.TomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOHG.略第二节（20分）范文DearJimHowseverythingImwritingtoinviteyoutogiveusanonlinetalkonEnglishwriting.Ourclassmatesseemtobeweakinorganisation.WouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsonhowtoconnectsentenceslogicallyhowtodevelopaparagraphandhowtostructureanessayThetalkwillbeaboutanhourandyoucandecideonadateatyourconvenience.Pleaseletmeknowwhichplatfonnyoullbeusing.Itwouldbegreatifwecouldhavea10-minutequestionandanswersessionattheendofyourtalk.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua。