高中英语高考复习词义猜测专项练习（附参考答案）

高考英语词义猜测练习AThedifferentpartsofahealthcaresystemhavedifferentfocuses.Ahospitalsstroke（中风）unitmonitorsbloodflowinthebrain.Thecardiacunitisinterestedinthatsameflowbutthroughandfromtheheart.EachcollectionofequipmentanddataiseffectiveinitsownfielD.Thuslikethestoryofblindmenfeelinganelephantmodernhealthcareoffersmanyseparatepicturesofapatientbutrarelyausefulunitedone.Ontopofallthistheinstrumentsthatdoctorsusetomonitorhealthareoftenexpensiveasisthetrainingrequiredtousethem.Thatcombinedcostistoohighforthemedicalsystemtoscanregularlyforearlysignsofillnesssopatientsareatriskofheartdiseaseorastroke.AnunusualresearchprojectcalledAlzEyerunbyMoorfieldsEyeHospitalinLondonincooperationwithUniversityCollegeLondon（UCL）maychangethis.ItisattemptingtousetheeyeasawindowthroughwhichsignalsaboutthehealthofotherorganscouldbediscovereD.ThedoctorsinchargeofitSiegfriedWagnerandPearseKeanearestudyingMoorfieldsdatabaseofeyescanswhichoffersadetailedpictureofthehealthoftheretina（视网膜）.Theprojectwillgoastepfurther WiththeinformationaboutotheraspectsofpatientshealthcollectedfromotherhospitalsaroundEnglanddoctorswillbeabletolookformoreaccuratesignsofdiseasethrougheyescans.TheMoorfieldsdatasethaslotsoflinkedcasestoworkwith--farmorethananysimilarproject.ForinstancetheUKBiobankoneoftheworldsleadingcollectionsofmedicaldataaboutindividualpeoplecontains631casesofaumajorcardiacadverseevent.TheMoorfieldsdatacontainabout12000such.TheBiobankhasdataonabout1500strokepatients.Moorfieldshas

11900.ForthediseaseonwhichtheMoorfieldsprojectwillfocustostartwithdementiathedatasetholds15100cases.Theonlycomparablestudyhas

86.WagnerandKeanearesearchingforpatternsintheeyethatshowtheemergenceofdiseaseelsewhereinthebody.Ifsuchpatternscouldberecognizedreliablythepotentialimpactwouldbehuge.Whydoestheauthormention“thestoryofblindmenfeelinganelephantvinParagraph1A.Toclaimtheineffectivenessofourhealthcaresystem.B.Totellthesimilarityinvarioushealthcareunits.C.Toexplainthelimitationofmodernhealthcare.D.Toshowthecomplexityofpatientspictures.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thisinParagraph3refertoA.Thechallengeofmakingadvancedmedicalinstruments.B.Thehighriskofgettingaheartdiseaseorastroke.C.Theinconvenienceofmodernhealthcareservice.D.Theincompleteandexpensivehealthmonitoring.HowdoesAlzEyeworkA.Bythoroughlyexaminingonesbodyorgans.B.ByidentifyingonesstateofhealththrougheyescansC.ByhelpingdoctorsdiscoveronesdiseasesoftheeyeD.Bycomparingtheeye-scandatafromdifferenthospitals.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheMoorfieldssprojectfromParagraph5A.Ittakesadvantageofabundantlyavailablemedicaldata.Itmakesthecollectionofmedicaldatamoreconvenient.ItimprovestheMoorfields，competitivenessinthemedicalfielD.D.ItstrengthensdatasharingbetweentheMoorfieldsandtheBiobank.BSmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrimeifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.ThenewlawFamilyProtectionandDevelopmentPromotionActwasinitiated（启动）bytheMinistryofSocialDevelopmentandHumanSecurityandwasannouncedintheRoyalGazetteonMay

222019.Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothershealthresidingunderthesameroof.Inthatcaseitwillbeconsideredasudomesticviolence”.ThenewlawcameintoforceonAugust

20.AccordingtothecenterforresearchandknowledgemanagementfortobaccocontrolattheFacultyofMedicalScienceofMahidolUniversitythereareabout

4.9millionhouseholdswhereoneormorefamilymemberssmoke.Anaverageof

10.3millionpeoplehaveunwittingly（不矢口不觉地）becomepassivesmokersbecausetheyvebeenbreathinginsmokeathome.Scientificstudiesshowthatpassivesmokersareatgreaterriskofbeingaffectedbycancer.Of75childpatientsfromhouseswheresmokingispracticed76%ofthemwerefoundtohavenicotinetracesintheirurinewith43%ofthemhavingnicotinecontentexceedingpermissiblelevels.Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisalackofsmokingandmightaswellruinrelationshipsbetweensmokersandnon-smokerfamilymembers.Accordingtothenewlawanyonewhothinkstheyareaffectedbydomesticsmokingcanreporttoofficialsconcernedsothatinspectorswillbesenttoinvestigateandtakelegalactionagainstthesmokers.Onceconvictedthecourtmayorderapersontoreceivetreatmenttoquitsmokinginanattempttoprotectthepersonsfamily.InFebruaryin2019Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.WhatisthefactaboutthenewlawinThailandA.Itmakesitclearthatsmokingathomeisacrime.B・I’salawonprotectingthehealthofnon-smokers.C.Itwasdraftedandadoptedbytheroyalfamily.D.Itclassifiessmokingasaformofdomesticviolence.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“curbing”inParagraph3Treating.Changing.Improving.D.Controlling.WhatisNOTtheevilconsequenceofsmokingathomeA.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancerinpassivesmokers.Itwillprobablycausephysicaloremotionalviolence.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.Itmayleadtodisharmonyinfamilyrelations.

8.WhatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassageSmokingisillegalanywhereinThailanD.Smokersarelesslikelytodevelopcancerthannon-smokers.C.PeoplewhosmokeathomeinThailandwillbesenttoprison.D.Thailandiscommittedtocreatingasmoke-freeenvironment.cAswegrowoldwerealizethatwehavesolittletimetoreadandtherearesomanygreatbooksthatweveyettogetaroundto.Yetre-readersareeverywherearoundus.Forcertainfansre-readingTheLordoftheRingsisaconventionalpracticeannually.OnefriendtoldmethatJaneAustensEmmacanstillsurprisehimdespitehishavingreaditover50times.Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.JournalistRebeccaMeadalong-timeEnglishwomaninNewYorkfirstcameacrossGeorgeEliotsMiddlemarchat

17.Sincethenshehasreaditagaineveryfiveyears.Witheachre-readingithasopenedupfurther;ineachchapterofherlifeithasresonateddifferently.Meadevidencedthelargenumberofwaysinwhichreallygoodbooksnotonlystandthetestofrepeatreadsbutalsoofferfreshgiftseachtimewecracktheirspines.Thesekindsofbooksgrowwithus.Scientistshavealsorecognizedthementalhealthbenefitsofre-reading.ResearchconductedwithreadersintheUSfoundthatonourfirstreadingweareconcernedwiththe“what”andthewhy”.Secondtimeroundwereabletobetterappreciatetheemotionsthattheplotcontinuestoexpress.AsresearcherCristelRusselloftheAmericanUniversityexplainedreturningtoabookubringsneworrenewedappreciationofboththegreatbookanditsreaders.”Itstruethatweoftenfindformerselvesonthepagesofoldbooksifwerefondofmakingnotesonthepages.Thesetextscancarryusbacktoatimeandplaceandremindusofthekindofpersonthatwewerethen.Werechangednotonlybylivedexperiencebutalsobyreadexperience—bythebooksthatwevediscoveredsincelastreadingtheoneinourhanD.Moresothanthemoviedirectororthemusicianthewritercallsuponourimaginationsusingwordstoleadustopicturethisdeclarationofloveorthatunfaithfulnessinlife.Abookisajointprojectbetweenwritersandreadersandwemustpoursomuchofourselvesintoreadingthatourownlifestorycanbecomeconnectedwiththestoryinthebook.Perhapswhatsreallystrangeisthatwedontre-readmoreoften.Afterallwewatchourfavoritefilmsagainandwewouldntthinkoflisteningtoanalbumonlyonce.Wetreasuremessyoldpaintingsasobjectsyetofallartformsliteraturealoneisalargelyone-timedelight.AbookofcoursetakesupmoretimebutasMeadconfirmstherewardsmakeitadequatelyworthwhile.

9.ThetwobooksarementionedinParagraph1mainlyto.attracttheattentionofreadersintroducethetopicofthepassageC.providesomebackgroundinformationD.showthesimilaritybetweenre-readers

10.Theunderlinedexpression“cracktheirspines“inParagraph2referstoA.recitethemB.re-readthemC.recallthemD.retellthemtcanbelearnedfromparagraphs3and4thatreadingbenefitspeoplebothmentallyandphysicallyreadersmainlyfocusonfeelingsontheirfirstreadingC.weknowourselvesbetterthroughre-readingexperienceD.wewillchangewritersbyreadingthebooksThewritingpurposeofthepassageisto.callondifferentunderstandingsofre-readingoldbooksargueagainstthementalhealthbenefitsofre-readingbringawarenesstothesignificanceofre-readingintroducetheeffectivewaysofre-readingoldbooksDBeesseemtoflyaimlesslyastheysearchforthesugaryliquidcallednectar（花蜜）・Buttheirflightplansactuallydohaveapattern.Flowersactastheinsectsair-trafficcontrollers.Andnewresearchshowsbeespreferflowersthatarenttooflashy.Flowersgivebeescluesabouthowmuchaplantcanoffer.Thosecluescanbeinthecolorofpetalsinthetypeinthesmellorevenintheelectricalcharge.Allofthesecharacteristicssendsignalstothebeestellingthemwhethertolandornotamongwhichthecolorsplaythemostsignificantrole.Theinsectskeeptrackofthecoloroftheflowersthatareespeciallyrichinnectar.Theythenvisitmoreflowersofthatcolor.Howevercolorcantguaranteebeesagoodmeal.Itmaychangedependingontheangleatwhichsunlighthitsitspetals.Ayellowfollowerforexamplemaylooksomewhatbluefromoneangleandredfromanother.BeverleyGloverstudiesplantsattheUniversityofCambridgeinEnglanD.Gloverandhercolleaguesshowedthatevenwhenthecolorofpetalslookssimilarbeesbehavedifferentlyinsearchingfornectar.Theystartedtoguessthatthestrengthofpetalsiridescence（色彩斑斓）mightberelatedtohowbeesfindthepetals.GloverandhercolleaguestestedtheirhypothesisinthelaB.Intheirexperimenttheyfoundthatbeesfeltconfusedsometimeswhenthepetalswereveryiridescentandthatbeeshadnoproblemfindingtheflowerswithmorenectarwhenthepetalswerenotveryiridescent.TheteamshareditsnewfindingsintheMarch21CurrentBiology.“Atfirstglanceitsverysurprisingbecauseanimalscanusuallydetectamorevividsignalmoreeasily“saysKlausLunauabiologistinGermanywhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.WhatcanweknowabouttheflightofbeesA.Theyusuallyflyinaregularpattern.B.Theyflyunderthedirectionofflowers.C.Theyusuallyflywithoutanypurpose.D.Theyflytosomeveryflashyflowers.WhatisthemostimportantclueforbeestosearchfornectarA.Thepetalstype.B.Thefollowerssmell.C.Thefollowerselectricalcharge.D.Thepetalscolor.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hypothesis”inParagraph4probablymeanA.Discussion.B.MethoD.C.Assumption.D.InventionWhatisthenewfindingoftheteamPetalsthatarenotveryflashyarebetterforbeestomakeadjustments.Petalsofdifferentcolorusuallygivedifferentsignals.Petalsthatarevividaredetectedbybeesmoreeasily.Petalsofdifferenttypesmakebeesconfusedtofindtherightflower.附参考答案A【答案】l.c

2.D

3.B

4.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了一个试图通过眼睛扫描信息来发现疾病早期迹象的研究项目.推理判断题根据第——段“modernhealthcareoffersmanyseparatepicturesofapatientbutrarelyausefulunitedone.（现代医疗保健提供了许多病人的单独照片，但很少是有用的联合照片）可知，盲人摸象的例子是为了解释现代医疗检查很少能全面地提供患者的整体情况，因此具有局限性故选C.词句猜测题前两段主要讲了现代医疗检查的片面性以及高昂的费用，结合划线句句意由伦敦Moorfields眼科医院与伦敦大学学院（UCL）合作经营的一个名为Alzeye的不寻常的研究项目可能会改变这一点因此推断this指代上文提到的不完整的和昂贵的健康监测故选Do.细节理解题根据第三段可知，它试图用眼睛作为窗口，通过它可以发现关于其他器官健康的信号负责这项工作的医生西格弗里德•瓦格纳和皮尔斯•基恩正在研究莫尔菲尔德的眼睛扫描数据库，该数据库提供了视网膜健康的详细图片，因此可知AlzEye的工作模式是通过眼部扫描来辨别一个人的健康状况故选B.推理判断题根据第五段列举的数据信息可知，世界上领先的个人医疗数据收集之一，包含631例“主要心脏不良事件”Moorfields的数据包含大约12000个这样的数据生物库有大约1500名中风患者的数据Moorfields有11900例，Moorfields项目的重点从痴呆开始的疾病，数据集包含15100例唯一可比的研究有86项因此推断Moorfields的项目较同类项目充分利用了更多现存的数据故选AB【答案】

5.D

6.D

7.C

8.D【解析】这是一篇议论文文章主要描述了泰国新法旨在抑制在家中吸烟，并致力于创造一个无烟的环境.细节理解题根据第一段中“SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrimeifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种犯罪，故选D.词义猜测题根据第三段中“Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothershealthresidingunderthesameroof.可知，该法律旨在限制在家中吸烟因为吸烟可能会危害同屋檐下的其他人的健康所以curbing指的是控制，限制，故选I）.推理判断题根据第七段中“Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisalackofsmoking”可知，在家吸烟也“可能导致身体或情绪暴力”，因为在不吸烟的情况下，人们会表现出攻击性C.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.意思为在家吸烟会使吸烟者变得更有攻击性与原文意思不符，故选C.推理判断题根据第——段中uSmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrimeifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪；再根据最后一段“InFebruaryin2019Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.”2019年2月，泰国在6个机场禁止吸烟，并禁止在公共场所吸烟综上可以推断出，泰国致力于创造无烟的环境故选DC【答案】

9.B

10.B

11.C

12.C【解析】这是一篇说明文随着我们渐渐变老，我们意识到我们读书的时间很少，有很多好书，我们没有去读但是在重新阅读的过程中，我们可以获得新的突然清晰的理解科学家们还认识到重读会给心理健康带来好处，重读也会让我们更了解自己.推理判断题根据第一段中“Forcertainfansre-readingTheLordoftheRingsisaconventionalpracticeannually.OnefriendtoldmethatJaneAustensEmmacanstillsurprisehimdespitehishavingreaditover50times.（对于某些粉丝来说，每年重读《指环王》是一种惯例一位朋友告诉我，简•奥斯汀的《爱玛》仍然能给他带来惊喜，尽管他已经读了50多遍）以及第二段第一句Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.可知，在重新阅读的过程中，可通过重新阅读，可以突然获得新的清晰认识由此可推知，第一段提到这两本书主要是为了引入这篇文章的主题通过反复阅读，可以突然获得新的清晰的认识故选B.词义猜测题根据上文“Sincethenshehasreaditagaineveryfiveyears.Witheachre-readingithasopenedupfurther;ineachchapterofherlifeithasresonateddifferently.”可知，从那时起，她每五年读一遍每重读一遍，它会使她豁然开朗；在她生命的每个篇章中，都有不同的共鸣由此可知，Mead证明了许多真正的好书不仅经得起反复阅读的考验，而且在每次我们重新阅读它们时都能提供新鲜的礼物故划线短语指的是“重新阅读它们”故选B.推理判断题根据第四段中“Itstruethatweoftenfindformerselvesonthepagesofoldbooksifwerefondofmakingnotesonthepages.Thesetextscancarryusbacktoatimeandplaceandremindusofthekindofpersonthatwewerethen.”可知，的确我们经常会在旧书中找到过去的自己如果我们喜欢在书页上做笔记的话这些文字可以带我们回到过去的时间和地点，提醒我们那时的我们是什么样的人由此判断出，通过重读，我们更好地了解自己故选C.推理判断题根据第二段第一句Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.”可知，在重新阅读的过程中，以突然获得新的清晰认识结合文章主要说明随着我们渐渐变老，我们意识到我们读书的时间很少，有很多好书，我们没有去读但是在重新阅读的过程中，我们可以获得新的突然清晰的理解科学家们还认识到重读会给心理健康带来好处，重读也会让我们更了解自己由此可推知，这篇文章的写作目的是让人们意识到重读的重要性故选CD【答案】

13.B

14.D

15.C

16.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文蜜蜂似乎在寻找一种叫做花蜜的含糖液体时无目的的飞行但他们的飞行计划确实有一个模式花扮演着昆虫的空中交通管制员新的研究表明，蜜蜂更喜欢不太浮夸的花朵.推理判断题根据第一段中“Buttheirflightplansactuallydohaveapattern.Flowersactastheinsectsair-trafficcontrollers.Andnewresearchshowsbeespreferflowersthatarenttooflashy.可知关于蜜蜂的飞行，我们能知道它们飞向花的方向故选B.细节理解题根据第二段第

一、二句Flowersgivebeescluesabouthowmuchaplantcanoffer.Thosecluescanbeinthecolorofpetalsinthetypeinthesmel1orevenintheelectricalcharge.”可知，蜜蜂寻找花蜜的最重要线索是花瓣的颜色故选D.词义猜测题根据第四段中她的同事在实验室里测试了他们的假设，在他们的实验中，他们发现，当花瓣非常艳丽时，蜜蜂有时会感到困惑；当花瓣不是很亮时，蜜蜂就会发现有更多花蜜的花朵因此推断画线词的意思是“假设”，故选C.推理判断题根据第四段中“theyfoundthatbeesfeltconfusedsometimeswhenthepetalswereveryiridescentandthatbeeshadnoproblemfindingtheflowerswithmorenectarwhenthepetalswerenotveryiridescent.v可知，这个团队的新发现是“不太光鲜的花瓣让蜜蜂调整会更好，故选A。