初中定语从句讲解练习和答案

一、定义在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语或句子，汉语中常用，……的，表示主要由形容词担任，此外，名旦，住翅，数翅，皿，副皿，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语短语和从句作定语时那么放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后如1Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面引导定语从句的词有关系代词thatwhichwho宾格who所有格whose和关系副词wherewhen、why关系词常有三个作用

1、引导定语从句

2、代替先行词

3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

二、关系代词引导的定语从句.who指人，在从句中做主语1TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway..whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略Mr.Liuisthepersonwhomyoutalkedabout.注意关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.MaythefourthisthedayweChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhichWearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhoulivemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whereThehotelduringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.westayedD.inthatwestayedIsitinthatfactoryRedFlagcarsareproducedA.inwhichB.whereC.whichD.thatItistheSuezCanalseparatesAsiaAfrica.A.whichtoB.wherefromC.thatfromD.thatwithUnderthebridgehoweveralmostdirectlybelowwasasmallcanoewithaboyinit..A.thereB.whereC.itD.whichHeisnotafool.A.suchasheislookedB.suchashelooksC.asasheislookedD.soashelooksIsthatthereasonyouareinfavouroftheproposalA.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthatHemustbefromAfricacanbeseenfromhisskin.A.thatB.asC.whoD.whatHehastwosonsworkaschemists.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.bothofwhichD.allofwhomyourgoodfriendwilltrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis.Heisamanofgreatexperiencemuchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom.——DoyouknowthetownatallNothisisthefirsttimeIhere.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcomingdontlikeyouspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhichThetwothingstheyfeltveryproudareJimsgoldwatchandDellashair.A.aboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forwhichThedinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe.A.wouldhaveB.havehadC.hadneverhadD.hadeverhadDoyouknowwhichhotelA.sheisstayingB.sheisstayinginC.isshestayingD.isshestayinginThereisonlyonethingIcando.A.whatB.thatC.allD.whichWhocanthinkofasituationthisidiomcanbeusedA.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat1havemanybookssomeofareonchemistry.A.themB.thatC.whichD.thoseTheywereinterestedyoutoldthem.A.inwhichB.inthatC.allthatD.ineverythingTheastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceshipmuchhelpforknowingspace.A.whichwethinkitisB.whichwethinkareofC.ofwhichwethinkisD.IthinkwhichisofThegreatdaywelookedforwardtoatlastoA.comeB.cameC.comingD.comeslikethesecondfootballmatchwasheldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./参考答案1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD31—35CABCB36—40BBDBA41—45BDBBC46—50CDBBCwhich指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.which在句子中做主语Thisisthepenwhichheboughtyesterday.which在句子中做宾语that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.在句子中做主语Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning在句子中做宾语whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下构造来代替3Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.二Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.5Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow注that用法1不用that的情况a在引导非限定性定语从句时，错ThetreethatisfourhundredyearsoldIsveryfamoushere.b介词后不能用Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a在therebe句型中，只用that不用whichb在不定代词，如anythingnothingtheoneall等作先行词时，只用that不用whichc先行词有theonlytheverythesamethelastjust修饰时只用thatd先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that不能用which.e先行词既有人，又有物时f先行词指物，在主句中作表语时.g为了防止重复.h先行词是theway或thereason时that可作关系副词，也可省略i主句的主语是疑问词who/which时举例:Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题Finallythethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察

三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词在句中作状语关系副词二介词+关系代词why二forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which介词同先行词搭配when二during/on/in/...which介词同先行词搭配where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.when引导定语从句表示时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.［注］表示时间“time”一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导BythetimeyouarrivedinLondonwehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.我仍然记得我第一次见到她EachtimehegoestobusinesstriphebringsalotoflivingnecessitiessuchastowelssoaptoothbrushetCo每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idontknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词〃引导的从句替换Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclearFromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.注1介词后面的关系代词不能省略2that前不能有介词3某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”构造可以同关系副词whenwhere和why互换ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.DoyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclubDoyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclubThisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.练习一请分析一下定语从句请划出定语从句，并标出先行词CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.Youcouldntunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.Theysaidsomethingyoudidntlike.CanyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecentlyHewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.WhataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobeyIfyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthempleasetellme.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthisyoucanaskthem.AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.

二、用关系代词填空that、which、who、whom、whoseThisisthemanwantstoseeyou.ThestudentansweredthequestionisZhangHua.Themanyouwenttoseehascome.ThemanImetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.Thewomanyousawisourgeographyteacher.Therunneryouareaskingaboutisoverthere.ThepersonyoushouldwritetoisMr.Ball.Themanwaspassingbysawwhathappened.Hereisthepenyoulostthedaybeforeyesterday.Thesebooksyoulentmewereveryuseful.ThestorybookIhavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.Aclockisamachinetellspeoplethetime.ThisisshirtIboughtyesterday.Adictionaryisabookgivesthemeaningtotheword.Thebookisonthetableismine.Thefilmtheyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.IwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplacesIhaveevervisited.IsthereanyonefamilyisinBeijingShowmetheboymotherisawell-knownsinger.TheboyfatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.

三、单项选择

1.YourteacherofChineseisayoungladycomesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose

2.Whatsthenameoftheprogram.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening

3.Thestudentswereallinterestedyoutoldthemyesterday.A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthatD.ineverything

4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisofficewasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which

5.Thisisthemuseumwevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat

6.Charlietoldhismotherallhadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

7.DoyouknowthestudentA.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk

8.1likethehousewindowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.whosC.itsD.its

9.WouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionaryA.whatIneedB.IneedC.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit

10.TheyoungwomanIspokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that定语从句专项练习题二

1.Donttalkaboutsuchthingsofyouarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asIsthisthefactoryyouvisitedtheotherdayA.thatB.whereC.InwhichD.theoneIsthisfactorysomeforeignfriendsvisitedlastFridayA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneIsthisthefactoryheworkedtenyearsagoA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneThewolveshidthemselvesintheplacescouldntbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthatThefreezingpointisthetemperaturewaterchangesintoice.A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhatThisbookwillshowyoucanbeusedinothercontexts..A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobservedC.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobservedThereasonisheisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whetherTiltellyouhetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.whichThattreebranchesarealmostbareisveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

11.1haveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.whatHefailedintheexaminationmadehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.whatWeretalkingaboutthepianoandthepianistwereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.ThegirlanEnglishsonginthenextroomisTomssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassingingThosenotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearnAnyonethisopinionmayspeakout.A.thatagainstB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainstDidntyouseethemanA.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnowC.InoddedtohimjustnowD.InoddedtojustnowCanyoulendmethenoveltheotherdayA.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedaboutIsthereanythingtoyouA.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs——4tHowdoyoulikethebook——ItsquitedifferentfromIreadlastmonth/A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhatMr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexceptwhohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothersThetrainshewastravellingwaslate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthatHehaslostthekeytothedrawerthepapersarekept.A.whereB.inwhichC.underwhichD.whichAntarcticweknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhichItsthethirdtimelatethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyouvearrivedD.whenyouvearrivedItwasin1969theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.inwhich。