完整版地质工程专业常用英文词汇

rivercourseriverbedchannelgullygulleyerosiongullystreambrookfloodplainvalleyflatterracealluvialplaindeltafossilrivercoursefossilstreamchannelalluvialfandiluvialfantalusaprondividebasinkarstlandfeaturekarstlandformsolutioncavekarstcavesinkholeKarsticearthcavegeostromestratumstratalithologiccharacterrockpropertyrockmassbedstratumlayerrockstratummatrixparentrockfacieschangestrongrockfilmweakrockcompetentincompetentbedrockpetrofabricoverburdencrossbeddingbeddingplaneschistositybeddingfoliationripple-markmudcrackraindropimprintsrock-formingmineralsclaymineralkaolinitemontmorilloniteillitemicamuscovitebiotitequartzfeldsparorthoclaseplagioclasepyroxenepicritehornblendecalcitestructuretexturefabrictissuemineralcompositioncrystallineamorphousattitudeigneousgeotechnicalengineering岩土工程foundationengineering基础工程soilearth±soilmechanics土力学cyclicloading周期荷载4unloading卸载reloading再力口载」viscoelasticfound粘弹性地基Rviscousdamping粘滞阻尼履shearmodulus剪切模量soildynamics土学stresspath应力路径土的分类residualsoil残积土[groundwaterlevel地下水位groundwater地下水、groundwatertable地下水位clayminerals黏土矿物secondaryminerals次生矿物landslides滑坡boreholecolumnarsection钻孑L柱状图engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程土也质勘探boulder漂石cobble卵石gravel砂石gravellysand砾砂coarsesand粗砂mediumsand中砂finesand细砂siltysand粉土clayeysoil粘性土clay薪土siltyclay粉质黏土silt粉土sandysilt砂质粉土clayeysilt粘质粉土saturatedsoil饱和土unsaturatedsoil非饱和土fillsoil土的基本物理力学性质CcCompressionindexCuundrainedshearstrengthCu/poratioofundrainedstrengthCutoeffectiveoverburdenstresspoCu/poNccu/poocsubscriptsNCandOCdesignatednormallyconsolidatedandoverconsolidatedrespectivelycohesivestrengthfromvanetestnaturalvoidratioplasticityindexcoefficientpressurefortotalstressesoianda2domainforeffectivestresseso16andKonstateKoucontinuousinstantaneousconditionKodloadingfrequencylessthan1Hzasapseudo-dynamictestforK0coefficientkkpermeabilityinhorizontaldhvverticaldirectionsrespectivelyNblowcount.standardpenetrationtestOCRover-consolidationratiopcpreconsolidationpressurefromfedemetertesteffectiveoverburdenpressure0psspecificconepenetrationresistancefromstaticconetestqunconfinedcompressivestrengtUh.UUmdegreeofconsolidation‘subscriptmdenotesmeanvalueofaspecimen.uubumporepressuresubscriptsbandmdenotebottomofspecimenandmeanvalue.【espeqivelynaturalwatercontentliquidand0Lpplasticlimitsrespectively乙乙.o.0principalstresseso2denoteeffectiveprincipalstresses四.浸透性和渗流Darcyslaw达西定律piping管涌flowingsoil流土sandboiling砂沸flownet流网seepage浸透流leakage渗流seepageforcepressure浸透压力permeability浸透性hydraulicgradient水力梯度coefficientofpermeability浸透系数五.地基应力和变形softsoil软土negativeskinfrictionofdrivenpile摩阻力effectivestress有效应力totalstress总应力fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪强度lowactivity低活性sensitivity敏捷度triaxialtest三轴试验foundationdesign基石出设计recompaction再压缩bearingcapacity承载力soilmass土体contactpressure接触应力concentratedload集中荷载asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半无穷弹性体homogeneous均质isotropic各向同性stripfooting条基squarespreadfooting方形独立基础underlyingsoilstratum’strata下卧层±deadload=sustainedload恒莪连续荷载liveload活载short-termtransientload短期刹时荷载long-termtransientload长久荷载reducedload折算荷载settlement沉降deformation变形casing套管dike=dyke堤防clayfraction粘粒粒组physicalproperties物理性质subgrade路基well-gradedsoil级配优秀土poorly-gradedsoil级配不良土sieve筛子Mohr-Coulombfailurecondition摩尔・库仑损坏条件一FEM=finiteelementmethod有限元法limitequilibriummethod极限均衡法porewaterpressure孔隙水压力preconsolidationpressure先期固结压力modulusofcompressibility压缩模量coefficentofcompressibility压缩系数compressionindex压缩指数swellingindex回弹指数geostaticstress自重应力additionalstress附带应力totalstress总应力finalsettlement最后沉降slipline滑动线六.基坑开挖与降水excavation开挖挖方dewatering基坑降水failureoffoundation基坑失稳bracingoffoundationpit基坑围护bottomheave=basalheave基坑底隆起retainingwall挡土墙pore-pressuredistribution孑L压散布dewateringmethod降低地下水位法wellpointsystem井点系统轻型deepwellpoint深井点vacuumwellpoint真空井点bracedcuts支撑围护bracedexcavation支撑开挖bracedsheeting支撑挡板深基础deepfoundationpilefoundation桩基础cast-in-place灌输桩divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注桩Jboredpile钻孔桩special-shapedcast-in-placepile机控异型灌输桩pilessetintorock嵌岩灌输桩rammedbulbpile夯扩桩belledpierfoundation钻孔墩基础Jdrilled-pierfoundation钻孔扩底墩।under-reamedboredpierprecastconcretepile预制混凝土桩steelpile钢桩£steelpipepile钢管桩steelsheetpile钢板桩ressedconcretepile预应力混凝土桩prestressedconcretepipepile预应力混凝土管桩caissonfoundation沉井箱diaphragmwall地下连续墙截水墙frictionpile摩擦桩end-bearingpile端承桩pileshaft桩身waveequationanalysis颠簸方程剖析pilecaps承台桩帽bearingcapacityofsinglepile单桩承载力lateralpileloadtest单桩横向载荷试验ultimatelateralresistanceofsinglepile单桩横向极限承载力staticloadtestofpile单桩竖向静荷载试验verticalallowableloadcapacity单桩竖向允许承载力lowpilecap低桩承台high-risepilecap高桩承台verticalultimateupliftresistanceofsinglepile单桩抗拔极限承载力silentpiling静力压桩upliftpile抗拔桩anti-slidepile抗滑桩pilegroups群桩efficiencyfactorofpilegroups群桩效率系数nefficiencyofpilegroups群桩效应dynamicpiletesting证基动测技术finalset盘后贯入度dynamicloadtestofpile桩动荷载试验pileintegritytest桩的完好性试马佥pilehead=butt桩头piletip=pilepoint=piletoe桩端头pilespacing桩距pileplan桩位部署图arrangementofpiles=pilelayout桩的部署groupaction群桩作用endbearing=tipresistance桩端阻skinsidefriction=shaftresistance桩侧阻pilecushion桩垫piledrivingbyvibration打桩振动pilepullingtest拔桩试验pileshoe桩靴pilenoise打桩噪音pilerig打桩机地基办理groundtreatmenttechnicalcodeforgroundtreatmentofbuilding建筑地基办理技术规范cushion垫层法preloading预压法dynamiccompaction强夯法dynamiccompactionreplacement强夯置换法vibroflotationmethod振冲法sand-gravelpile砂石桩pile-stonecolumn砂石桩cement-flyash-gravelpileCFG水泥粉煤灰碎石桩cementmixingmethod水泥土搅拌桩cementcolumn水泥桩limepilelimecolumn石灰桩jetgrouting高压发射注浆法rammed-cement-soilpile夯实水泥土桩法lime-soilcompactionpile灰土挤密桩lime-soilcompactedcolumn灰土挤密桩limesoilpile灰土挤密桩chemicalstabilization化学加固法surfacecompaction表层压实法surchargepreloading超载预压法vacuumpreloading真空预压法sandwick袋装砂井geofabricgeotextile土工织物compositefoundation复合地基reinforcementmethod力口筋法dewateringmethod降低地下水固结法freezingandheating冷热办理法expansivegroundtreatment膨胀土地基办理groundtreatmentinmountainarea山区土也基办理collapsibleloesstreatment湿陷性黄土地基办理artificialfoundation人工地基naturalfoundation天然土也基pillow褥垫softclayground软土地基sanddrain砂井rootpile树根桩plasticdrain塑料排水带stonecolumn碎石桩gravelpile碎石桩replacementratio复合地基置换率固结consolidationTerzzaghisconsolidationtheory太沙基固结理论Barraonsconsolidationtheory巴隆固结理论Biotsconsolidationtheory比奥固结理论overconsolidationrationOCR超固结比overconsolidationsoil超固结土excessporewaterpressure超孑［压力multi-dimensionalconsolidation多维固结one-dimensionalconsolidation一维固结primaryconsolidation主固结secondaryconsolidation次固结degreeofconsolidation固结度consolidationtest固结试验consolidationcurve固结曲线timefactorTv时间因子coefficientofconsolidation固结系数preconsolidationpressure先期固结压力principleofeffectivestress有效应力原理consolidationunderKoconditionKo固结十.抗剪强度shearstrengthundrainedshearstrength不排水抗剪强度residualstrength剩余强度long-termstrength长久强度peakstrength峰值强度shearstrainrate剪切应变强度dilatation剪胀effectivestressapproachofshearstrength剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法-totalstressapproachofshearstrength抗剪强度总应力法Mohr-Coulombtheory莫尔一库仑理论angleofinternalfriction内摩擦角cohesion粘聚力failurecriterion损坏准则vanestrength十字板抗剪强度unconfinedcompression无侧限抗压强度effectivestressfailureenvelop有效应力损坏包线effectivestressstrengthparameter本构校型H^一.constitutivemethodelasticmodel弹性模型nonlinearelasticmodel非线性弹性模型elastoplasticmodel弹塑性模型viscoelasticmodel粘弹性模型boundarysurfacemodel界限面模型Duncan-Changmodel邓肯一张模型rigidplasticmodel刚塑性模型capmodel盖帽模型worksoftening加工融化workhardening加工硬化Cambridgemodel剑桥模型idealelastoplasticmodel理想弹塑性模型Mohr-Coulombyieldcriterion莫尔一库仑折服准则yieldsurface折月艮面elastichalf-spacefoundationmodel弹f生半空间地基模型elasticmodulus弹性模量Winklerfoundationmodel文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoilpunchingshearfailure冲剪损坏generalshearfailure整体剪切破化localshearfailure局部剪切损坏stateoflimitequilibrium极限均衡状态criticaledgepressure临塑荷载stabilityoffoundationsoil地基稳固性ultimatebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil土也基极限承载力allowablebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil土也基允许承载力十三.土压力earthpressureactiveearthpressure主动土压力passiveearthpressure被动土压力earthpressureatrest青争止土压力Coulombsearthpressuretheory库仑土压力理论Rankinesearthpressuretheory朗金土压力理论十四土坡稳固剖析slopestabilityanalysisangleofrepose休止角Bishopmethod毕肖普法safetyfactorofslope边坡稳固安全系数Felleniusmethodofslices费纽伦斯条分法Swedishcirclemethod瑞典圆弧滑动法slicesmethod十五.挡土墙retainingwallstabilityofretainingwall挡土墙稳固性foundationwall基础墙counterretainingwall扶壁式挡土墙cantileverretainingwall悬臂式挡土墙cantileversheetpilewall悬臂式板桩墙gravityretainingwall重力式挡土墙anchoredplateretainingwall锚定板挡土墙anchoredsheetpilewall锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物sheetpilestructuresteelsheetpile钢版桩reinforcedconcretesheetpile钢筋混凝土板桩steelpiles钢桩woodensheetpile木板桩timberpiles木桩十七.浅基础shallowfoundationboxfoundation箱型基础matraftfoundation片筏基础stripfoundation条形基础spreadfooting扩展基础compensatedfoundation贝音偿性基础bearingstratum持力层rigidfoundation刚性基础flexiblefoundation柔性基础embeddeddepthoffoundation基石出埋置深度netfoundationpressure基底附带应力structure-foundation-soilinteractionanalysis±部留构一基础一地基共同作用剖析十八.土的动力性质dynamicpropertiesofsoilsdynamicstrengthofsoils动强度wavevelocitymethod波速法materialdamping资料阻尼geometricdamping几彳可I组尼dampingratio阻尼比initialliquefaction初始液化naturalperiodofsoilsite地基固有强度dynamicshearmodulusofsoils动剪切强度dynamicmagnificationfactor动；b放大因素liquefactionstrength抗液化强度dimensionlessfrequency无量纲频次evaluationofliquefaction液化势评论stresswaveinsoils土中应力波dynamicsettlement振幅十九.动力机器基础equivalentlumpedparametermethod等效集总参数法dynamicsubgradereactionmethod动基床反力法vibrationisolation隔振foundationvibration基不出振动elastichalf-spacetheoryoffoundationvibration基础振动弹性半空间理论allowableamplitudeoffoundation基础振动频次振幅naturalfrequencyoffoundation基础自震频次二十.地基基础抗震earthquakeengineering土也震工程soildynamics土动力学durationofearthquake地震连续时间earthquakeresponsespectrum上也震反响谱earthquakeintens计y地震烈度earthquakemagnitude震级seismicpredominantperiod地震优秀周期maximumaccelerationofearthquake土也震最大力口快度二H^一•室内土工实验_highpressureconsolidationtest高压固结试验consolidationunderKoconditionKo固结试验fallingheadpermeability变水头试验constantheadpermeability常水头浸透试验unconsolidated-undrainedtriaxialtest不固结不排水试验consolidatedundrainedtriaxialtest固结不排水试验consolidateddrainedtriaxialtest固结排水试验compactiontest击实试验consolidatedquickdirectsheartest固结快剪试验quickdirectsheartest快剪试验consolidateddraineddirectsheartest慢剪试验sieveanalysis筛剖析geotechnicalmodeltest土工模型试验centrifugalmodeltest离心模型试验directshearapparatus直剪彳义directsheartest直剪试验directsimplesheartest直接单剪试验dynamictriaxialtest三轴试验dynamicsimpleshear动单剪freeresonancevibrationcolumntest自共振柱试验二十二.原位测试standardpenetrationtestSPT标准灌入试验surfacewavetestSWT表面波试验dynamicpenetrationtestDPT动力触探试验staticconepenetrationSPT静力触探试验12plateloadingtest静力荷载试验lateralloadtestofpile单桩横向载荷试验staticloadtestofpile单桩竖向荷载试验cross-holetest跨孔试验screwplatetest螺旋板载荷试验pressuremetertest旁压试验lightsounding轻巧触探试验deepsettlementmeasurement深层沉降观察vanesheartest十字板剪切试验fieldpermeabilitytest现场浸透试验in-siteporewaterpressuremeasurement原位孔隙水压量测in-sitesoiltest原位试验-over-12浆山山入出成成性性性基基脉株流盖盆墙床脉岗岩岩纹长面长山长武晶晶斑绿榄曜岩山山灰积屑土砂学物岩砾岩英砂质岩岩岩灰云灰钙砂质岩火火侵喷深浅酸中基超岩岩岩岩岩岩岩岩岩花斑玲流正粗闪安辉玄细伟煌辉橄黑浮火火凝堆碎黏粉化生砾角砂石粉钙泥页盐石白泥泥泥砂c岩城岩岩岩岩岩岩岩岩岩性1角集岩岩岩岩质岩岩岩岩岩砾块的质质质机油硅有magmaticrocklavavolcanointrusiveinvaderockeffusiverockplutonicrockpypabysalrockacidrockinter-mediaterockbasicrockultrabasicrockrockbasebatholithdikerockstockrockflowrocklaccolithlaccoliterocklopolithrockdikerocks川veindykegraniteporphyryporphyriterhyolitesyenitetrachytedioriteandesitegabbrobasaltaplitepegmatitelamprophyrediabaseduniteobsidianpumicevulcanicbrecciavolcanicagglomeratejffsedimentaryrockclasticrockclayrocksiltyclaystonechemicalrockbiolithconglomeratebrecciasandstonequartzsandstonesiltstonecalcareoussiltstonemudstoneshalesalinelimestonedolomitemarlargillo-calcareousarg川o・arenaceousarenaceousarg川aceoussiliceousorganicmattercrumbleconjugatedjointlooselens-shapeda.cragcuttingsdebrismembranefilmstratificationhighdipanglelowdipangleanti-dipinterbedv.Interbeddingn.unplanarundulateundulatingparticlesizetectonospherecompressionhomogeneousshearfaultedbeddingzonedissectiondissectedclosecompacttectonitemylonitefaultbrecciacalciteveinclasticrockbrecciarockpowderdebrisdebryconsolidationorientedspreadtectonicstressresidualstresshydrogeologicalconditionshydrologiccycleatmospherehydrospheregeospheresurfacerunoffsubsurfacerunoffvalleydrainagebasindrainageareariverbasinareacatchmentareagroundwatersubsurfacewatersurfacewateratmosphericwateraqueousvapourwaterliquidwatersolidwaterperchedwaterphreaticwaterconfinedwaterhygroscopicadsorptivewatermediumvoidporewaterpressureosmoticpressureseepageforceupliftpressurehydrostaticpressureexternalhydrostaticpressurehydrodynamicpressureseepagepressureexternalwaterpressureinternalwaterpressurehydraulicinterrelationhydraulicreductioncoefficientwaterheadlossfiltrationpathseepagepathpenetrationcoefficientwatertablelevelwaterlevelstagelevelwaterheadaquifer弱含水层（弱透水层）aquitardaquicludepermeablelayerperviouslayer不透水层隔水层aquifugeimperviouslayerimpermeablelayeraquicludephreaticaquiferconfinedaquiferartesianaquiferbearingsurfacephreaticsurfacewatertablephreaticcurveimperviousboundarygroundwaterridgeviscosityabundance透水性（浸透性）permeability淋滤（溶滤作用）lixiviationleachinginvertedgravelfilterincrustationseepsaturationsaturatedzoneofvariablephreaticlevelmeteorologicalfactorzoneofsaturationaerationzonezoneofaerationaerationzonewaterperchedwaterporewaterfissurewaterkarsticwaterboundwatercombinedwaterhydroscopicwaterpellicularwatercapillarywatergravitationalwatercondensationwaterconditionofgroundwateroccurrencedepthofgroundwateroccurrencepackerpermeabilitytestpumpingtestphysicalmechanicsn.Physico-mechanicala.yieldcriteriaVonMisesyieldcriteriaRankingsearthpressuretheoryCambridgemodelCam-modelconstitutiveequationlocalshearfailuregeneralshearfailureintactnessindexofrockmass安全系数factorofsafety埋深embedmentdepth试件coupons挠度deflection里氏震级Richterscale设计烈度designintensity基本烈度basicintensity场所烈度siteintensity士也震烈度seismicintensityintensityscale优秀周期predominantperiod持力层sustainedyield超载surcharge围岩压力surroundingrockstress附带压力superimposedstress应力废弛stressrelaxation应力路迳stresspath卸荷unload浸透率specificpermeability饱和度degreeofsaturation含水量moisturecontent均匀粒径meandiameter颗粒graingranuleparticle颗粒级配distributionofgrain-sizegraincompositionsizedistribution级酉己graduationgrain-sizedistributiongradationgrading粒度coarsenessgrainsizegranularitylump不均匀系数coefficientofnon-uniformityvariationcoefficientvariationfactorgradationsizegradingporewatervoidratiorationairvoidsporositycrackitykarstitydensityunitweightbulkweightbuoyantunitweightreductionfactordissipationofpressurecoefficientofresistancesofteningcoefficientwatercontentconsistencyplasticlimitliquidlimitplasticityindexliquidityindexrheologicalcreepplasticbrittlenessfragilitysticknessrigidityelasticviso-elasticityelasto-plasticitycompressibilityhomogeneitynonhomogeneityheterogeneityisotropyanisotropytotalstress5钻杆drillrod坑探exploringmining槽探trenching天然建材检查naturalmaterialssurveyingexamination岩土工程勘探报告geotechnicalinvestigationreport判定identificationappraisal判定书expertisereport判定人identifiersurveyor校核veHfication总监chiefinspector比率proportion地形图geographicmap地貌图geomorphologicalmap地质图geologicalmap工程地质图engineeringgeologicalmap实测地质剖面图field-acquiredgeologicalprofilesection结构地质图geologicalstructuremap第四纪地质图地质详图quarternarygeologicalmapdetailmapofgeology地质柱状图geologiccolumnarsectiongeologiclog钻孔柱状图logsofborehole纵剖面图横剖面图展现图节理玫瑰图基岩等高线层底等高线岩层界限岩面高程坐标分层地质点勘探点勘探线勘探孔平洞竖井探槽探井钻孔机钻孔套钻孔管钻孔M-I石心岩芯钻探展转钻探冲击钻探钢砂钻探铁砂钻进跟管钻进振动钻进泥浆钻探（进）金刚石钻进单动式双层空气钻探钻机钻头螺旋钻头勺钻冲击钻头桶式钻头longitudinalsectioncrosssectionrevealdetailmaproseofjointsbedrockcontourcontourofstratumbottomstrataboundaryelevationofbedrocksurfacecoordinatebedseparationgeologicalobservationpointexploratorypointspotexploratorylineexplorationholeaditrisershaftverticalshaftexploratorytrenchexploratorypitboreholedrillholeordinarydrillholesleevedrillholepipedrillholecorecoredrillingrotarydrillingchurndrillingpercussiondrillingshotdrillingironshotdrillingfollow-downdrillingvibro-boringvibro-drillingmudflushdrillingdiamonddrillingsingleactingdoublelayerairflushdrillingdrillingrigdrillbitdrillingbitaugerspoonbitpercussionbitchoppingbitbucketauger6固结不排水剪试验consolidatedundrainedtestconsolidatedquicktest固结排水试验原位测试consolidateddrainedtestslowtestin-situtest现场监测on-sitein-sitemonitoring现场检测on・s让ein-siteinspection观察孔observationborehole静力触探试验conepenetrationteststaticpenetrationteststaticconetest标贯试验standardpenetrationtest十字板剪切试验vanesheartestvanetest检层法up-holemethodboreholemethod旁压试验pressuremetertest动力触探试验点荷载试验岩石试验应力排除法应力恢复法套孔法dynamicpenetrationtestdynamicsoundingpointloadtestrockteststressreliefmethodstressrecoverymethodover-coringmethod9岩土体加固掌子面洞£开挖开挖断面细骨料混凝土breastdrivingfaceheadingfacetunnelfacevaultinvertexcavationoverbreakpneumaticdrillexcavatedsectionslumpconcretemadewithfineaggregate淞Ifineaggregatefineadjustment料场stockground土料earthmaterial矿渣cindermineralwaterresiduescoriaslag性能functionperformancepropertynature凝固coagulatecongealcongealmentcoagulation合格qualifiedontestuptostandard初凝initialset初凝时间initialsettingtime终凝finalset预裂法presplitting冻结法超载衬砌围堰堤近坝岸坡施工（缩短）心墙截水墙防渗墙排水井排水幕减压井反滤层灌浆资料水力劈裂帷幔线上游围堰混凝土防渗墙截流导水墙freezingmethodoverbreakliningcofferdamdikeabutmentsconstructionjointcorecutoffwalldiaphragmwalldrainagewellsdrainagecurtainreliefwellsfilterzonegrouthydraulicfracturingcurtainlineupstreamcofferdamconcretecutoffwallinterimcompletionchanneltrainingwall正常溢洪道渠首工程servicespillwayheadwork消力塘隔墙混凝土护坦副厂房闸门室中闸室开关站电梯井尾沟渠特别溢洪道linedplungepooldividerwallsconcreteapronauxiliarypowerhousegatechambermidgatechamberswitchyardelevatorshafttailraceemergencyspillway10水工概论位水室洞洞力中肩址水库同窿陵同同同同同同同同应集层址踵段顶肩坝坝坝高游常N力压谕弱漏於粉人人湍道岩岩力盖顶鼓弹爆坝坝坝坝坝左副三标上正地压无交灌明孔排尾排导地围围应覆冒底回岩toeofdamheelmonolithcrestshouldersleftdamabutmentsaddledamthethirddamsiteheightmarkheadwaternormalreservoirlevelundergroundopeningtunnelpressuretunnelgravitytunnelaccesstunnelgroutingtunnelfree-flowtunnelorificetunnelsedimenttunneltaiIracetunneldrainagetunneldiversiontunneltunnelsurroundingrockambientrocksecondarystressstaticstressconcentrateoverburdencaveinrooffallbottomheavereboundrockburst11桥梁及基础工程江阴大桥悬索桥锚重力式嵌岩锚JiangyinBridgesuspensionbridgeanchoragegravitysocketedanchorage北锚碇前后锚面frontbacksurfaceofnorthernanchorage塔墩散索鞍钢箱梁北塔墩基础基础浅基础深基础联合基础筏形基础钢模桩基桩群桩桩基础桩承台towerpiersplaysaddlefootbridgemaincablecablestrandmainsaddletowersaddlemainspansidespanapproachsteelboxmaingirderembedmentdepthnorthtowerbasefoundationfootingshallowfoundationdeepfoundationcombinedfootingraftmatfoundationsteelformpilefoundationpilepilegroupspilefoundationpilecap静力StaticAnalysis动力DynamicAnalysis蠕变CreepMaterialModel渗流Fluid-mechanicalInteraction热力学ThermalOptionheadwarderosion溯源侵害scouringofleveeorbank淘刷stronglyweatheredsiliceousrockmasswithquasi-lamellarweaklyweatheredsiliceousrockmasswithquasi-lamellarofcontinuallyaftershocksof7or8-degreeintensityEvidently显然的Correspondinglyadv.相应地；有关地；同样地thehangingwalloftriggeringseismicfaultoblique^beddingbankslope专业外语（为方便记忆，跟上边稍有重复）综合类粗粒coarsegrain中粒medium-grained堆积物sedimentdeposit漂石、顽石boulder卵石cobble砾石gravel砂sand粉土silt黏土clay粘粒claygrain砂质黏土sandyclay粘质砂土clayeysand壤土、亚黏土loam砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚黏土sandyloam浮土、表土regolithtopsoil黄土loess红土laterite泥灰peat软泥ooze淤泥mireoozedmudsludgewarpclay冲积物（层）alluvion冲积的alluvial洪积物（层）proluviumdiluviumdiluvion洪积的diluvial坡积物（层）deluvium残积物（层）eluvium残积的eluvial风积物（层）eoliandeposits湖积物（层）lakedeposits海积物（层）marinedeposits冰川堆积物层glacierdriftdeposits崩积物（层）colluvialdepositscolluvium残积黏土residualclay变质岩metamorphicrock板岩slate千枚岩phyllite片岩schist片麻岩gneiss石英岩quartzite大理岩marble糜棱岩mylonite混淆岩migmatite碎裂岩cataclasite3地质结构地质结构geologicstructure结构结构structuraltexture大地结构geotectonic结构运动tectogenesis造山运动orogeny起落运动verticalmovement水平运动horizontalmovement完好性perfectionintegrity起伏度waviness尺寸效应sizeeffect围压效应confiningpressureeffect产状因素elementsofattitude产状attitudeorientation走向strike偏向dip倾角dipangleangleofdip褶皱fold褶曲fold单斜monocline有效应力effectivestress岩石抗力系数coefficientofrockresistance超孔隙水压力excessporepressure允许承载力allowablebearingcapacity孔隙水压力porewaterpressure临塑压力criticalpressure抗压强度compressivestrength接触压力contactpressure抗拉强度tensilestrength抗剪强度shearstrength6工程地责问题不排水抗剪强度undrainedshearstrenght工程地责问题engineeringgeologicalproblem峰值抗剪强度peaksharestrength定性评论qualitativeestimate长久抗剪强度long-termshearstrength定量评论quantitativeestimate剩余抗剪强度residualshearstrength极限均衡法limitequilibriummethod负摩擦力negativeskinfrictiondragdown不良地质现象unfavorablegeologicalcondition摩擦角angleoffriction风化weathering内摩擦角angleofinternalfriction变形deformation外摩擦角angleofexternalfriction位移displacement内聚力cohesion不均匀位移differentialmovement粘聚力cohesion相对位移relativedisplacement假凝集力pseudo-cohesion沉陷settlement粘着力adhesion山崩avalanchetoppling摩尔圆Mohrscircle倒塌topplingtopplingcollapse包络线envelope滑坡、地滑creepslide休止角angleofrepose切层滑坡insequentlandslideangleoffrictionreposerestreposeangle深层滑坡deepslide峰值peak浅层滑坡shallowslide模量modulus顺层滑坡consequentlandslide弹性模量modulusofelasticity滑动面Youngsmoduluselasticmodulusslidingsurfaceslidingplaneslipsurface压缩模量modulusofcompressibility滑动带slidingzone变形模量modulusofdeformationslidebed卸荷模量unloadingmodulusslideslidingmass切线模量tangentmodulusfossillandslide剪切模量shearmodulus推移式滑坡slumpingslide割线模量secantmodulus牵引式滑坡retrogressiveslide旁压模量pressurmetermoduluspipinginternalerosion泊松比poissonsrationleakage固结consolidationquicksand固结系数coefficientofconsolidationseepage固结度degreeofconsolidationliquefaction超固结比overconsolidationration应变strain7工程勘探engineeringinvestigation压缩比compressibilityratio工程地质勘探engineeringgeologyinvestigation压缩系数coefficientofcompressibility岩土工程勘探geotechnicalinvestigation压缩指数compressionindex工程地质条件engineeringgeologicalcondition初始曲线virgincurve工程地质评论engineeringgeologicalevaluation正常固结土normallyconsolidatedsoil勘察survey欠固结土under-consolidatedsoil岩芯采纳率，corerecoverycoreextraction超固结土over-consolidatedsoil岩芯获取率被动土压力passiveearthpressureRQD岩石质量指标rockqualitydesignation主动土压力activeearthpressure程序（步骤）procedure静止土压力earthpressureatrest勘探阶段investigationalstage覆盖压力overburdenpressure选点踏勘reconnaissance初始应力initialstress初步设计primarydesign地应力场groundgeostaticstressfield初步规划preliminaryscheme有效应力effectivestress初步勘探preliminaryprospecting动应力dynamicstress初步踏勘groundreconnaissance动荷载dynamicload可行性研究阶段feasibilitystage偏爱荷载eccentricloads初步设计阶段preliminarystage循环荷载inclinedloads施工阶段constructionsage地应力groundstressgeostaticstress踏勘reconnaissanceinspection初始应力initialstress地质测绘geologicalsurvey应力场stressfield工程地质测绘engineeringgeologicalmapping纵波longitudinalwave钻探boreholeoperationboring液化势liquefactionpotential物探geophysicalexploration液化指数liquefactionindex洞探exploratoryadits交角angular钎探rodsounding套管casing岩芯管corebarrel冲刷掖flushfluid正循环冲刷directcirculation反循环冲刷reversecirculation泥浆mudslurry泥皮mudcake护壁dado止水sealwaterseal扫孔cleaningbottomofhole钻进drilling平碉adit竖井shaft钻探drillingboring8工程地质试验击实试验compactiontest压缩试验compressiontest固结试验consolidationtest单轴试验uniaxialcompressiontest现场剪切试验in-situsheartest单剪试验simplesheartest直剪试验directsheartest慢剪试验slowtest单剪试验simplesheartest快剪试验quicktest三轴剪切试验triaxialsheartest三轴压缩试验triaxialcompressiontest动三轴试验dynamictriaxialtest不固结不排水剪试验unconsolidatedundrainedtestquicktest配合比mixproportion塌落度slump水化热heatofhydrationhydrationheatsettingheat水灰比water-cementratio粉煤灰flyash梅花状quincuncialpatternshotcretepouring钢筋网coiremeshreinforceanchoredbarrockboltanchoredcableA-U*”定义山锚案麻anchorstationanchoredpeg采石场rockquarryexcavationcleanupfoundationopen-cutexplosion光面爆破smoothblasting高桩承台high-risepilecap低桩承台buriedpilecap摩擦桩frictionpile端木桩endbearingpile嵌岩桩socketedpile板桩sheetpile旋喷桩jet-groutedpile灌输桩cast-in-placepile沉管灌输桩drivencast-in-placepile支护桩soldierpilestangentpiles刚性桩rigidpile柔性桩flexiblepile侧向受荷桩laterallyloadedpile轴向受荷桩axiallyloadedpile预制桩precastconcretepile振动打桩vibratorypiledriving振动钻进vibratorydrilling沉箱caisson沉井（沉箱）opencaisson地下连续墙diaphragmwallslurrywall支撑bracing超载surcharge接触应力contactpressure井点降水well-pointdewatering桩极限承载力ultimatebearingcapacityofpile承载力bearingcapacity阻力resistance桩端阻力endresistance表面摩擦力skinfriction粘着系数adhesionfactor负摩擦力negativeskinfriction安全系数factorofsafety压缩层compressedlayer附带应力additionalstresssuperimposedstress持力层bearinglayersustaininglayer地基土foundationsoilsubsoil临塑压力criticalpressure剪切损坏shearfailure地基无效foundationfailure冲剪损坏punchingfailure渐进损坏progressivefailure允许荷载allowableload极限承载力ultimatebearingcapacity沉降settlement沉降差differentialsettlement尾部倾斜angulardistortion倾斜tilting坑底隆起bottomheave静止土压力earthpressureatrest稳固数stabilitynumber路堤embankment地基办理groundtreatmentsoilimprovement垫层cushion加固stabilization注浆injection灌浆guniting帷幕curtain挡土墙retainingwall锚固anchoring喷浆guniting锚杆earthanchor盲沟Frenchdrain振冲法vibrojet12监测仪器观察孔observationbore/hole仪器观察instrumentation读数装置readoutdevice传感器transducer探头probe压力盒pressurecell振弦式应变计vibratingwirestraingauge伸长计、变位计extensionmeter板式沉降仪foundationbase/pate测斜仪inclinometer测压计，渗压计piezometer垂线plumb垂直度plumbness13安全监控靠谱性检查reliabilitychecking监控模型monitoringandpredictionmodel监测monitoring资料datumdata靠谱性reliability稳固性stability安全safety评估evaluationappraise评定assessmentassessrate评论准则criterion灾祸hazardcalamity确立性方法论Deterministicmethodology应急行动计划EAPemergencyactionplan事故accident紧迫状态emergency紧迫检查emergencyinspection灾情等级hazardclassification灾祸评论hazardevaluation风险评估riskassessment。