还剩10页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
高中英语形容词和副词及专项练习形容词和副词语法讲解-形容词和副词概述形容词是指那些用来描述或修饰名词或代词的一类词一般放在其所修饰的名词之前在句中用作定语、表语、补语、状语等多数形容词具有比较等级副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、句子以及其他副词的词在形式上,许多副词带有后缀ly形容词、副词是中学英语重要语法项目,也是中考重要考查内容考查重点是1考查形容词与副词区别形容词与副词均属修饰性词类,但因被修饰内容有所不同而具备不同的用法,中考非常注重对此进行考查,在单项选择题中出现了大量此类试题2考查“级”的范围两个事物进行比较应使用比较级,三个或三个以上事物进行比较应使用最高级3考查比较级、最高级的注意点
①同类事物进行比较
②将主语排除在被比较的范围之外的比较,因为主语只能和他人或他物相比,而不能和自己相比
③使用最高级时应将主语包含在最高级的范围之内,否则离开这个范围,主语便不能成为这个范围中的最高级4考查比较级的重要句型比较级有许多热点句型frombadtoworse/worseandworse每况愈下;moreandmore越来越多的,越来越;the+比较级,the+比较级越越5考查as...as同级比较句型6考查比较级的程度修饰语比较级的程度修饰语有muchalotevenstillabitalittle等7考查易混形容词与副词的区别二基础知识梳理
1.形容词的用法和位置1形容词作表语,表明主语的性质和特征,放在连系动词之后如Computersareveryusefulinoureverydaylife.Leavesturnyellowinautumn.2形容词作定语,修饰名词或不定代词,通常放在名词之前,不定代词之后如Youdonthavetobeangrywithhim.Hewantedtoknowthetruth.B.C.merelyD.hardly——Areyoupleasedwithwhathehasdone一ItcouldntbeintohisworkHemovedawayfromhisparentsandmissedthemenjoytheexcitinglifeinChina.A.toomuchtoB.verymuchtoC.enoughtoD.muchsoastoThelittleboyisntgettingonwellinmathsandworsestillheisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withhersonshefeelsvery.disappointingworryingdisappointing;worrieddisappointedworrieddisappointed;worrying【答案解析】D.than是解题的关键词,即有than必用比较级B.由five可知要用最高级,最高级前面用theC.句意为“我遗憾地告诉你,她的英语不如你的好”D.在as…as中,第一个as是副词,后面一定是先接形容词,再接名词,即as+adj.+n.+as故选DB.由notintheleast(一点也不满意)可知,“再也没有做得(比他的)更差的了”C.考查倍数表达法
①倍数+as…as…
②倍数十比较级+than…
③倍数+the+名词(sizelengthwidthheight等)+of…选项中morethan是最大的干扰项,morethantwice(=overtwice)意为“两倍多”B.sointerestingabook=suchaninterestingbook请注意冠词的位置A.根据后面的标点“!”,可排除B和D;注意howastonishingasight二whatanastonishingsight.A.词序题副词abroad只能放在所修饰的名词后面,排除C和D又根据“限定语(冠词、指示代词、物主代词、序数词、基数词、fewlessseveral等某些量词)+形容词(描绘、大小、形状、年龄新旧、颜色、国籍或产地、物质材料、用途)+名词”可排除B因为限定词few应放在形容词happy之前B.though既可作连词,可与although可互换;也可作副词,位于句子末尾,此时,不能用althoughyet也可表示“但是”,但不位于句末anyway二anyhow意为“无论如何、不管怎样”D.else常放在疑问词(如whatwhohow等)或者复合不定代词(如someonenothingeverybody等)后面;其所有格总是elseSo又如Thatmustbesomebodyelsescoat;itisntmine.D.本题中的intime不是“及时”之意,而是“迟早、终究(=soonerorlater)”之意B.onceinawhile(=occasionally偶尔)与asarule(二usuallyinmostcases通常、在多数情况下)相对C.因为否定词cadt与比较级连用,表示最高级含义A.因为mostly多半(是)“;almost“几乎、差不多”;atmost“至多”D.因为指“(两者中)较…的那一个,用“the+比较级”C.因为只有beforelone(二soon不久以后、很快)才与将来时连用A.因为live作“现场直播”解,可作形容词也可作副词,在此题中是副词;livealiveliving均可作形容词“活着的”解,live只能在动物前作定语,alive可作后置定语、表语或补语living多作前置定语、表语lively也是形容词,意为“生动的”D.因为指双边关系进展,当然用“顺利smoothlyPeacefully和平地、安宁地;highly高度地、非常;quietly平静地、寂静地A.因为likely是形容词,意为“可能的”,在句中作表语easily和nearly是副词;虽然lonely(寂寞的)是形容词,但其意义与句意不通D.因为只有beworth后才可接宾语reasonable价格合理的;valuable有价值的或有用的;fit适合的
22.D.tight紧的A.因为只有quite才可以放在冠词前面C.因为只有regularly(经常地)才与nowandthen(偶尔)相对C.表示“(两者中)较…的那一个”用“the+比较级”,排除A和Bfar只能紧靠在所修饰的比较级之前,byfar一般放在比较级之后,若有冠词时,要放在冠词之前或比较级之后C.merely只是其它选项意义不通A.因为Itcouldntbeanyworse.意为“(他的工作做得)非常差”,与后文内容相符D.因为too修饰形容词或副词,far是用来加强too的语气的而much除与比较级最高级连用外,一般是非修饰作形容词的过去分词及afraidalive等A.因为too…todosth.(太…以至于不能做…)是固定搭配B.句意是由于她的儿子令有失望,她感到非常烦恼表示“令人…的”用-ing分词,表示“感到…的”用-ed分词Thisisanunhealthydiet.Thereisnothingimportantintodaysnewspaper.3)形容词作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,与其构成复合宾语如Youshouldkeepyourclassroomcleanandtidy.Ifounditdifficulttogetonwellwiththemanager..副词的用法和位置1)副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示动作、状态的特征或某种性质的程度根据其用途与含义,副词可分为下列六大类
(1)时间副词常用的有agobeforenowthensoonalreadyyet等
(2)地点副词常用的有herethereupdownabovebelowinsideoutside等
(3)疑问副词常见的有wherewhenwhyhow等
(4)程度副词常见的有:verymuchsotooquiteenough等
(5)方式副词多由“形容词+ly”后缀构成如carefullyquicklyeasilyquietly等
(6)频度副词常用的有alwaysoftensometimesusuallyhardlynever等2)副词在句中主要用作状语也可充当定语、表语等如Itssnowingheavilyoutside.(状语,修饰动词)Ihaveneverheardsuchabeautifulvoice.(状语,修饰动词)unluckilyhefailedinthisphysicsexamagain.(状语,修饰整个句子)Hewastooexcitedtosayaword.(状语,修饰形容词)Classisover.(表语)TheweatherhereisdifferentfromthatofSingapore.(定语)3)程度副词通常位于被修饰的形容词副词之前,但enough则要放在后面如Itwasmuchmorefreezingtodaythanyesterday.HeransofastthatIcouldntcatchupwithhim.Wegotupearlyenoughtocatchthefirstbus.4)频度副词通常位于行为动词之前,be动词、助动词和情态动词之后,但一般不放在句末如Ihaveneverbeenlateforclass.Youmustalwaysworklikethat.5)几个副词同时出现时,其顺序一般为方式副词+地点副词+时间副词(也可位于句首).形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分为三种类型1)在大多数单音节词和少数双音节词的词尾加eresto一般情况在词尾加-eresto如hardharderhardest
(2)以字母e结尾的只加-r-sto如largelargerlargest
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先改y为i再加-eresto如healthyhealthierhealthiest
(4)单元音单辅音结尾的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音,再加-eresto如thinthinnerthinnest注词尾为owerle结尾的双音节词都采用这种形式如narrownarrowernarrowestclevercleverercleverestsimplesimplersimplest2)在多音节和部分双音节词的词前加moremosto另外,由过去分词转化而成的形容词,不论多少个音节都用这种形式如tiredpleasedmorepleasedmostpleased3)不规则变化good/wellbetterbestbad/i11/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法1)同级比较常用句型为肯定结构as+形容词(副词)原级+as否定结构notso(as)+形容词(副词)原级+as如Ourgardenisasbeautifulastheirs.Janedidntwriteas/socarefullyashereldersister.上述本句型前可以有表示倍数或分数的修饰语,如Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.2)程度不等的比较,常与than连用,其基本句型是A+形容词(副词)比较级+thanB如ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.Whichdoyoulikebetterstrawberriesorgrapes3)最高级最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较,其结构是the+形容词(副词)最高级+比较范围(of/among/in短语)如SpringisthebestseasoninShanghai.Davidisthecleverestamongthethreebrothers.Tomjumps(the)farthestofallthestudents.注副词的最高级前the可以省略.学习比较等级时的一些注意事项1)比较的对象应当一致如ItshotterinGuangzhouthanBeijing.(误)ItshotterinGuangzhouthaninBeijing.(正)Awomanrsheartbeatsfasterthanaman.(误)Awomanrsheartbeatsfasterthanamans.(正)2)不能与自身相比较应借助other或else来表达排除3)形容词和副词的比较级前可以用以下单词来修饰muchevenfarabitalittlealotstill等Thispairofshoesisevencheaper.Thenewtextbookisalittlethickerthantheoldone.HeisfiveyearsyoungerthanI.4)在比较级的句子中出现“ofthetwo”之类的结构时,比较级前也需加定冠词the如Heistheshorterofthetwoboys.WhichisthelargercountryCanadaorAustralia“比较级+and+比较级”结构,表示“越来越……”,多音节词则要用umore+and+more+原级”如Ablockoficeisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.Iammoreandmoreinterestedinhistory.“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越是……就越”如Thesoonerthebetter.(越快越好)Thebusierheisthehappierhefeels.形容词与副词专项训练NorwayisoneofEuropeancountrieswithalargelandareathanBritainIrelandorItaly.A.asbigB.thebiggestC.sobigD.thebiggerFiveofHenryschildrenwereattheweddingpartyincludingDaniel.A.anoldestoneB.theoneC.theoneD.anoldone一CanLiHuahelpmewithmyEnglishIregrettotellyouherEnglishisyours.A.asgoodasB.nomorethanC.notbetterthanD.asmuchasIcantpayasheaskedfor.A.aashighpriceB.asahighpriceC.ashighpriceD.ashighaprice一AreyousatisfiedwithJacksjob一Notintheleast.Itcouldntbe.A.sobadB.anyworseC.muchbetterD.thebest一WellthewingsoftheplaneareA.morethanthetwiceemorethanthelengthC.morethantwicelengthetwicethanthelength
7.Itwasthatbothmysonandcouldntputitdown.interestingbookB.sointerestingabookC.bookD.suchinterestingsoaninterestingbook
8.MissLanghamsight!arminarmwithMrPeabodyA.howastonishingB.soanastonishingC.awhatastonishingD.suchanastonishing
9.Duringtheheenjoyedagoodprimaryeducation.A.firstabroadhappyfewyearsabroadfewhappyB.yearsfirstC.happyfirstyearsabroadfewhappyyearsfewD.abroadfirst
10.Inthe27thOlympicGamestowinthegoldmedalinjogging;sheLiuHongyuwassupposedfailedto.A.yetB.thoughC.althoughD.anyway
12.Dontworryaboutme.I11forgetitA.longforB.soonerlongerC.anyD.intime
13.—Iglass一WouldyoulikesomewinedontdrinkwineasarulebutIdontmindaA.atanytimewhileC.moreorlessthetime——Doyouthinktheweatherisgoodenoughforacamp一Youcouldnthopeforatthistimeoftheyear.A.anicedayB.thenicedayC.anicerdayD.thenicestdayTheguestsarefriendsofthefilmstar.A.mostlyB.almostC.atmostD.mostofall.ofthetwoboyscanswimacrosstheriver.A.ToeoldestB.AnolderC.ThestrongestD.TheolderHewillpasstwomilestonesthatishewillreceivehismastersdegreeandfindachallengingjob.A.longagoB.notlongagoC.beforelongD.longbefore一Whatapity!Ivenotgotaticketforthefootballmatch.一Dontworry.It11bebroadcastlivelivelyC.aliveD.livingFinnishPresidentsaidFinland—Chinarelationshadprogressedwithfruitfulco-operation(合作)innewandhigh-techfields.D.smoothlyHesnotgotanotherjobyetanditsA.likelyB・easilyC.nearlyD.lonelyItisabeautifulcellphonebutitisnotthepricethatIpaidforit.A.reasonableB.valuableC.fitD.worthTheseshoesaresothatIcantputthemon.littlecloseC.hardD.tightItsalongtimesinceIstartedtoteachatthisschool.quitemuchC.prettyD.soWedomeetnowandthenbutnot.C.regularlyD.presentlythisexhibitionisexhibition.byfarbetter;thebetterfarbetter;abetterbyfarthebetter;abetterfarthebetter;abetter。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0