初中英语人教版八年级下册期中知识点梳理（Unit 1-5）

八年级英语下册知识点梳理Unit1Whatsthematter.提问某人怎么了？Whatsthematterwith...Whatswrongwith...Whatsthetrouble/problemwith....患...病（havea+疾病名）患感冒haveacold胃疼haveastomachache发烧haveafever头疼haveaheadache牙疼haveatoothache（tooth--teeth）咳嗽haveacough喉咙疼haveasorethroat背疼haveasoreback.重点句型a.询问建议及提建议Whatshould1/she/hedoYou/She/Heshould+V.原形（should是情态动词should/shouldn，t+V.原形）b.你下次不应该吃这么多Youshouldnteatsomuchnexttime.C.--我应该量体温吗？--是的/不是ShouldItakemytemperatureYesyoushould./Noyoushouldnt..toomuchVS.muchtootoomuch+不可数名词toomuchhomework/pressuremuchtoo+adj./adv.muchtooheavy/fastHeeatsfoodsoheisfat..enough的用法a.修饰n.放在n.的前面enoughtime/water/moneyb.修饰adj./adv.放在adj./adv.的后面old/fastenough.重点短语躺下休息liedownandrest喝蜂蜜热茶drinkhotteawithhoney量体温takeonestemperature看牙医/医生seeadentist/doctor休息takeabreaktakebreakshavearest下车getoff使・・・惊讶的toonessurprise立即，马上rightaway=atonce用尽runoutof掌管beincontrolof做决定makeadecisionmakedecisions坚持做某事keepondoingsth.习惯于・・.；适应于...beusedtodoing/n.过去常做某事usedtodosth..书面表达［题目要求］你的朋友Jack由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头痛、眼睛不舒服、腰背酸痛，并且睡不好觉写一篇短文介绍一下他的情况，并给出你对他的建议要求1内容包含所提供的信息，可适当发挥；2书写认真，句子通顺；3词数60词左右［优秀满分范文］Jackismyfriend.Helikesplayingcomputergamesverymuch.Heoftensitsinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.Nowhehasaheadachesoreeyesandasoreback.Hedoesntsleepwellatnightsohefeelstiredeveryday.Ithinkheshouldtakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.Heshouldntusethecomputerforalongtime.Heshoulddoeyeexercisestorelaxhiseyesandgotobedearlyatnight.Ithinkifhehasagoodresthewillfeelwellsoon.Unit2r11helptocleanupthecitypark..could表示提建议Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks..短语动词在V.+adv.的结构中，代词作宾语，应放在V.与adv中间cheerupcheerthemuphandouthandthemoutgiveoutcleanupcomeupwithputoffputupcallupgiveupcarefortryoutgiveawaytakeaftersetupfix.动词不定式to+V.原形a.动词不定式作宾语三个希望hopewishexpect两需要needwant设法try同意agree做准备prepare开始begin计戈tlplan莫忘记forget记着remember决定decide能学会learnb.动词不定式作宾语补足语advise/ask/want/tell/allow/encourage/invite/wouldlike/expect/need/wishsb.todosth.c.动词不定式作宾补省略不定式符号to一感二听三让四看半个帮助feel;listentohear;letmakehave;seewatchnoticelookatd.与特殊疑问词连用，特殊疑问词+todohowtocareforwhattodowheretogo.aloneVS.lonelyalone独自地livealonelonely孤独的，寂寞的feellonely.重点短语推迟做某事putoffdoingsth.帮忙解决helpout;helpsb.out放弃做某事giveupdoingsth.满足感afeelingofsatisfaction愉快的表情thelookofjoy四岁时attheageoffour有影响，作用makeadifference花费时间/金钱Sb.spendtime/moneyonsth.Sb.spendtime/moneyindoingsth.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

6.书面表达［题目要求］你们班下周要进行英语演讲比赛，主题是Mylifein20yearso请你写一篇短文，畅想一下二十年后的生活，包括学习、工作、居住环境、生活等的变化［优秀满分范文］Mylifein20yearsIn20yearsIthinkIwillbeatourguidebecauseIliketotravel.AsatourguideIwillgotodifferentplacesofinterestandmeetalotoftourists.IwilllearnseveralkindsofforeignlanguagesbecauseIwillmeettouristsfromdifferentcountries.IwillliveinYongchuan.Becauseitsabeautifulcity.AndIwillalsogetmarried.Iwillhaveabeautifulwifeandtwochildren.IlovethenaturesoIwillgohikingwithmyfamily.Imsuremylifewillbeverywonderfulinthefuture.Unit3CouldyoupleasecleanyourroomCouldyouplease+v.politerequests肯定回答Yessure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Allright./Noproblem.否定回答SorryIcant.Ihaveto...CouldIdosth.askforpermissions肯定回答Sure./Ofcourse./Yesyoucan.否定回答Sorryyoucant./NoImafraidnot./Tmafraidyoucant./Youdbetternot.borrowVS.lend看主语与物品的所属关系borrow“借入”把本来不属于自己的东西借来使用borrow...from..lend“借出”把属于自己的东西借给别人使用lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.neither的用法a.作adv.“也不”他不喜欢音乐我不喜欢Hedoesntlikemusic.NeitherdoI.b.作pron.“两者都不”我们俩都不喜欢音乐Neitherofuslikesmusic.重点短语做家务dochoresdothedishestakeouttherubbishfoldtheclothessweepthefloormakethebedcleanthelivingroom外出吃饭gooutfordinner在外待得很晚stayoutlate遛狗takethedogforawalk结束做某事finishdoingsth.和・・・一样as...as浪费时间awasteoftime为了，目的是inorderto照顾takecareof=lookafter结果是asaresult依靠，依赖dependon一・••就・・・assoonas/theminute/themoment越・・・，就越・..the+比较级，the+比较级越早越好theearlierthebetterThemorewegettogetherthehappierwewillbe.书面表达［题目要求］假如你是David下面是一张做家务的情况表请根据所给的信息写一篇短文，谈谈你和家人所做的家务以及你对做家务的看法，要求内容完整，语句通顺，80字左右［优秀满分范文］ImDavid.Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.TheyaremyfathermymotherandI.Myfatherdoesthedishesonweekends.HesweepstheflooronWednesdays.Mymothercooksmealseveryday.ShewashesclothesonTuesdaysandSaturdays.AsformeIdothedishesonweekdays.Itakeouttherubbisheveryday.Isweeptheflooronweekends.Ithinkitsnecessaryforusstudentstodochores.Doingchorescanhelptodevelopourindependencyandwecanlearntotakecareofourselves.Unit4Whydontyoutalktoyourparents.提建议的方式Youshould/could/shouldn，tdosth.How/Whataboutdoingsth.Shallwe...Letsdosth.Wouldyouminddoingsth.Youdbetter（not）dosth.Whydontyou+V.原形二Whynot+V.原形？.until的用法a.与延续性动词连用，动词用肯定形式，“直到・・・为止”Iwaiteduntilhecameback.b.not...until“直到・・・才”Ididntgotobeduntilmidnight..重点短语允许某人做某事allowsb.todosth.和某人争吵getintoafightwithsb.发现某人正在做某事findsb.doingsth.归还某物给某人returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.以便sothat解决，计算出workout它不是大事Itsnotabigdeal.与某人相处愉快geton/alongwithsb.与某人交流communicatewithsb.介意（某人）做某事mind（sb.）doingsth.害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth.与某人竞赛competewithsb.比较compare...with...继续做某事continuetodosth.（另一件事）continuedoingsth.（同一件事）.书面表达［题目要求］李梅最近睡不好，她父母想要她取得好成绩，送她去各种课外俱乐部，她压力很大，不知道怎么办假如你是Tom请给她一些建议［优秀满分范文］DearLiMeiImsorrytohearthatyouhavetoomuchpressureanddontsleepwellatnight.Yourparentswantyoutogetgoodgradessotheysendyoutoallkindsofafter-schoolclubsincludinglanguagelearningmusicmathclassesandsoon.Andyoureallydontknowwhattodo.Ithinkyourparentsreallyloveyouandtheyhopeyouhaveawonderfulfuture.Ifyoufeeluncomfortabletherearemanythingsyoucando.Youcouldtalkaboutitwithyourparents.Youshouldtellthemthatkidsneedmorefreetimetorelax.Atthesametimeyoushouldstudyhardandtryyourbesttogetgoodgrades.Bestwishes!YoursTomUnit5WhatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcameThepastprogressivetense表示过去某个时间点或时间段正在发生或存在的动作肯定形式i+was/weredoingsth.否定形式主+wasnt/weren，tdoingsth.一般疑问句Was/Were+主+doingsth.特殊疑问句Whatwereyoudoing...Whatwashe/shedoing...时间状语atthistimeyesterdayatthattimefrom6to9lastnightwhen+一般过去时whenVS.whilewhen既可指时间点，也可指时间段，引导的时间状语多用一般时态when+一般过去时，主句为过去进行时Iwasreadingwhenhecamein.Whenhewasaboyhewasalwaysmakingtrouble.while仅指时间段，与延续性动词连用while+过去进行时，主句一般过去时主句过去进行时（表示两个动作同时发生）WhileIwasreadinghecamein.WhilemomwascookingdadwaswatchingTV..书面表达［题目要求］Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙假如你是Susanna请描述一下地震发生时家里人的活动情景，80词左右［优秀满分范文］MynameisSusanna.Inourcitytherewasanearthquakeat8:32yesterdayevening.AtthattimeIwastakingashowerinthebathroom.MymotherwascleaningupthekitchenandmyfatherwaswatchingTVinthelivingroom.MyeldersisterAlicewasworkingonhercomputerinherroom.Wewereveryscared.Luckilytheearthquakewasnotheavyanditdidntlastlong.Andwewereallsafe.FainilvmembersJChoresTimeFatherDothedishesWeekendsSweepthefloorWednesdayJMotherCookmealsEvervdavJJWashclothesTuesday.SaturdayDavidDothedishesweekdaysTakeouttherubbishEvervdavJJSweepthefloorOnweekends。