高中英语新人教版必修一Unit 5定语从句精讲

高中英语必修一Unit5定语从句精讲【课本例句】.（教材P62）TherearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossiblebutoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem..（教材P62）EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywhereChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection..（教材P64）ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveupandthatIwouldneverliveinacountrywhereGermanwasspoken..（教材P64）Ifinallyunderstoodthereasonwhymymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup..（教材P68）ThenIsawanadvertisementthatofferedawonderfulsummercourseandthatwasthedaywhenIdecidedtotakeonanewlanguage..ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.【发现规律】.所有画线部分都是关系副词引导的定语从句.关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语（第

5、6句）.关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语（第

2、3句）.关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语（第

1、4句）【语法精讲】

一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能

1.关系副词when引导定语从句时先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttotheGreatWall.我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天Thedaywhenwegettogetherwillcomesoon.我们重聚的日子很快就会来的Wewillneverforgettheyearwhenthe29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年【名师点津】若时间名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that引导Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语）.关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了Heisnowworkinginthefactorywherehisfatherworked.现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作【名师点津】若地点名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或thatoTheschoolwhich/thatwevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语.关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason关系词在从句中作原因状语Thereasonwhyhesucceededintheexamisthathestudiedveryhard.他考试成功的原因是他学习很认真Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidntcometohisbirthdayparty你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？【名师点津】reason后的定语从句的引导词若在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或thatldon，tknowthereasonwhyhedidntturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助why作原因状语Iwon，tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that不用why【即学即练1】对比填空thatwhichwhenwherewhy1Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.2Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogether.3Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.4Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.5Keepthebookinaplacewhereyoucanfinditeasily.6Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.

二、关系代词作介词的宾语关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词+关系代词”结构该结构中的关系代词可用whichwhom或whose.介词的选用“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词可以依据与从句中谓语动词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子意义来确定Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机根据与先行词的搭配确定Thisisthepilotwithwhommyfatherhasworkedfortenyears.这就是和我爸爸一起工作了10年的那位飞行员根据意义搭配确定一【名师点津】1某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词”可以同关系副词when、where和why互换Istillrememberthetimewhen=inwhichIwasincollege.我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光Thisisthehotelwhere=inwhichtheystayed.这就是他们待过的旅馆Thisisthereasonwhy=forwhichheleftinahurry.这就是他匆匆离去的原因2有些“动词+介词”短语，如lookforlookaftersendforcalloncomeacrosslongfor等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前Thedoctorthatyousentforhasnotcome.你派人去请的那个医生还没有来.关系代词的选择“介词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom不可用who/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which不能用thatoThisisthestudentforwhomIboughtabook.这就是我给其买书的那个学生ThisistheshipbywhichIwenttoShanghai.这就是我去上海所乘的船.“名词/数词/代词等十介词of+关系代词”结构有时“介词+关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念Theriverthebanksofwhicharecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.这条河流入大海，河的两岸种满了树Hehasthreesonstwoofwhomareteachers.他有三个儿子，其中有两个是老师Mariahaswrittentwonovelsbothofwhichhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.玛丽亚已经写了两部小说，这两部都被拍成了电视剧【即学即练2】单句语法填空lScientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytearsnoneofwhichhasbeenproved.2MycomputerwithoutwhichlcantsurftheInternetbrokedownyesterday.3ThegirltowhomyoutalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.4Ihaveabout10bookshalfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语whyreason原因状语。