第二轮复习语法易错点总结2

第二轮复习语法易错点总结2

四、形容词与副词good与wellRood只作adj用意为“好的”“优质的”;而well作adj用，意为“健康的”作皿用，意为“好”eg:agoodbookgoodEnglishFmwellthankyou.ShecanspeakEnglishaswellasanEnglish-speaker.Thebookiswellworthreading.Theladyisalwayswelldressed.Einsteiniswellknowntousall.

2、fartherfarthest与furtherfarthest1指“距离”时两者都可用Icantgoanyfarther/furtherbecauseImtiredout.Whatsthefarthest/furthestdistance2表示抽象含义“更进一步的”“更深入的”只用furtherWewillhaveafurtherdiscussionaboutit.TomwillgotoCambridgetogethisfurtherstudy.Arethereanyfurtherquestions3不能使用双重比较，即加er后又用more.如morebettermostearliest是错误的

4、要注意比较的对象比较的对象要相一致a.ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanJapan.XThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.Vb.Mycomputerismoreexpensivethanher.XMycomputerismoreexpensivethanhers.V

5、要注意比较的范围ChinaislargerthananycountryinAsia.XChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.V

6、注意定冠词the在比较级中的使用，特指两者中“更…的一个”Thebookisthemoreusefulofthetwo.Maryisthemorebeautifulofthetwosisters.

7、用于“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”中，表示“越…，就越…”两比较级可以是同一个词，也可以是不同的两个词Themoreyoulearnthemoreyouunderstand.Thesoonerthebetter.Theharderyouworkthemoreprogressyouwillmake.

8、用于“比较级+and十比较级”中，表示“越来越…”此时两比较级是同一个词widerandwiderbetterandbettermoreandmorebeautiful.

9、原级比较的否定“Aisnotso/as…asB”表示前者不如后者Thetreeisntso/astallasthepole.这树没有那杆子高

10、可以修饰比较级的词abitalittle“一点”rather/much/far/alot/agreatdeal…得多”any“任何一点”否定句或疑问句中still与even含有程度上的递进，意为“更”5数词6倍数AreyoufeelinganybetterTheexperimentwasmucheasierthanwehadexpected.Tomearnsrathermorethanhisfather.Thisyearyoursonhasgrownstill/eventaller.SheisthreeinchestallerthanI.SheistallerthanIbythreeinches.Theroadisthreetimeswiderthanthatone.TheroadiswiderthanthatonebythreetimesImissedthelasttrainbytwominutes.ThebulletmissedTombytwoinches.注e、f两项表示相差的程度且后置用介词byHadj最高级前须用theadv最高级前可用可不用但使用最高级时须有一定的范围Ofthethreebrothers在这三兄弟中，Tomisthetallest.Heisthebusiestmanintheoffice.Amongthemhestudiesthehardest.

12、最高级前不用the而用a时，不表示“最”，而表示“极”，“非常”Itisamostimportantproblem.Sheisamostbeuatifulgirlinourschool.

13、序数词可修饰最高级Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.

14、最高级的意义可以通过比较级表示出来IveneverseenatallermanthanTom.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass.Nothingiseasierthanthis.

15、morethan与lessthana.IammorethanhappytotellyouthatIhavewonthechampion.b.Heismorethanafathertoher.c.ThatismorethanIcantellyou.d.Sheeatslessthansheshould.e.Inlessthananhourhefinishedit.16not+较级+than与no+比较级+than前者是字面上的含义，即不比..…怎么样而后者应解释为，s+该比较级的原级的反意词+asa.TomisnotthinnerthanJohn.汤姆不比约翰更瘦TomisnothinnerthanJohn.汤姆与约翰一样胖Ihavenomorethanfiveyuan.我仅只有5元钱Idonthavemorethanfiveyuan.我的钱不超过5元Youarenotmorecarefulthanheis.你不比他名田心Youarenomorecarefulthanheis.你和他一样粗心

17、以ly结尾的副词adj变adv一般通过加lyhighlywarmlytoughlycarefullyselfishlyexcitedly

（2）以字母e结尾加ly不去e如latelycompletelyfortunatelyextremelyimmediatelywidelydefinitelyabsolutely只有true例外，即truly；另外whole变为whollyo

（3）以ble/ple/tle结尾的去e加y如simplegentlepossibleprobablecomfortableunbelievable

（4）以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i再加ly如:busilyluckilyeasilyhappilymerrily…etc但是:gay变为:gailyday变为daily

18、有些加ly的词仍是adj如dailyfriendlylovelylivelylikelydeadlylonelyuglybrotherlyweeklymonthly-etc

19、有些名词通过加ed构成adj汝口giftedtalenteddetailedmiddle-agedlimitedwarm-heartedcold-bloodednear-sightedshort-sightedone-eyedthree-leggedbad-temperedbare-footed...etc

20、加字母y构成adj的有rain（雨水）―rainy（多雨的）wind（风）一windy（多风的，风大的）cloud（云）一cloudy（多云的，阴天的）snow（雪）一snowy（多雪的）sun（太阳）―sunny（多阳光的，明朗的）luck（运气）―lucky（幸运的）noise（嘈杂声）-noisy（嘈杂的，喧闹的）health（健康）-healthy（健康的）wealth—wealthysmog一smoggy（雾霾的）mist—misty（薄雾的）fog—foggy（浓雾的）

21、名词加上ous构成形容词的有poison-poisonousdanger-dangerousfame-famousambition---ambitiouscaution---cautiousreligion---religious...etc

22、名词加上en构成形容词的有wool-woolenwood-woodengold-golden...etc

23、既是adj又是adv的词汇，常见

（1）、closeadj⑴接近的；

（2）密切的，亲密的myclosefriends.Heisclosetothedoor.closeadv.接近Hestandsdosetome.closelyadv.密切地AiscloselyrelatedtoBclosev.关闭closedadj.关着的open开着的

（2）、lateA adj晚的，迟的，inthelate1990sShewaslateforschoolthismorning.B adv迟，晚Hegotuplatethismorning.C:latelyadv最近=recentlyWhathaveyoubeendoinglately⑶、deepadj深的adeeplakeadv彳艮深地Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.deeplyadv深深地（抽象含义）Weweredeeplymovedbythefilm.highadj高的ahighmountainadv高高地Theplanewasflyinghigh.C:highlyadv高度地抽象含义Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.wideA adj宽的awideriverB adv宽阔地Heopenedthedoorwide.Sheopenedhereyeswiderandwider.C widelyadv广泛地Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6freeA adj自由的、免费的，afreefilmWearefreenow.B adv逸费地Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.C freelyadv自由地，Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.7hardA adj坚硬的、坚苦的liveahardlifeahardstoneB adv努力地；大workhardltisraininghard/heavily.C hardlyadv几乎不nearA adv.在近处;在附近；Shetookastepnearertome.AswedrewnearIsawthatthethiefwasstealingsomething..prep.接近；表示位置靠近;Dontcomenearmeadj.近的；nearneighborsinthenearfutureD nearlyadv几乎；将近主要修饰时间Itisnearlysevenpm.earlyadj早的anearlybusadv.早getupearlystraightadj笔直的astraightstreetadv.笔直地Gostraightaheadandyouwillfindtheschool.fastadj快的fastfoodafasttrainadv快runfastworldwideadj.世界范围的adv.在世界范围

24、需要加s变为副词的词汇常有upstair楼上的upstairs在楼上downstair---downstairsindoor室内的indoors在室内outdoor--outdoors

25、表语形容词afraidaloneawakeasleepalivealikeashamedwellillworth-etc表语形容词一般用作表语，如Iamafraidofmyclassteacher.Thebabyisawake/asleep.Thetwinsarequitealike.Imquitewellthesedays.Thebookiswellworthreading.注意1上述表语adj可以用作补足语Wefoundthesnakestillalive.2alivealoneawake常可用作后置定语Heisthegreatestwriteralive.ThemanaloneintheroomisJon.

五、代词

1、作表语常用宾格，在独词句中用宾格a.—WhoisknockingatthedoorItsmeb.Heisastudentinthisschool.Andmetoo.

2、2指无生命的事物、婴儿、以及who、someone等不名身份的人eg:a.——Whoisoutside—ItismeSomeonehasenteredthehouse.ItmustbeathiefThebabyisverylowly.Itwasbornhalfayearago.

3、反身代词可用作

①宾语

②表语表示“健康”的含义

③同位语作主语同位语，可以放在主语后面，或后置；如果作宾语同位语，则放在宾语后面eg:a.MrBlackcantexpresshimselfinChineseb.Iamnotquitemyselftoday.Sheherselfopenedthedoor.Sheopenedthedoorherself.YoudbetteraskMrSmithhimselfaboutit.

4、指示代词thisthat用于电话用语中一Whosthatspeaking—It/ThisisTomspeaking

5、this/that修饰adj/adv.表示“这么”“那么”的含义，相当于soa.Ohthegirlisnotthatfoolish.b.Icanonlypromiseyouthismuch.c.WedidntexpectthattheweatherinTongrenwasthathot.

6、it、thatthoseonetheones的指代区别1it指上文提到的同一事物或整句话的内容Doyouwantthewatch”“YesIwantit.”Hewarnedhissonnottoplaycomputergamesagainbutitdidnthelp.that常用来指代同名异物的不可数名词ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.TheweatherinKailiismuchbetterthanthatinshanghai.those或theones用来指代上文提到的复数名词WatchesmadeinChinaarejustasgoodasthose/theonesmadeinSwitzerland.Thebooksarebetterthanthoseyouboughtyesterday.one指代同名异物的某个单数名词，如果特指就用theone.a.IwanttobuyaMp

3.Doyouneedoneb.Hereareenoughapples.Eachofyoucangetone.c.Idon9tlikethisdictionary.Iprefertheoneontheshelf.

7、botheitherneither的用法Bothofthemareright（主语）Boththebrothers/Bothofthebrothersareatcollege.（定语）Neitheroftheanswersis/arecorrect.（主语）Neitherseatistaken.（定语）Youcantakeeitherofthedictionaries.（宾语）Flowersareplantedoneithersideofthestreet.（定语）

8、noneall的用法Allhasbeendone.（作主语，表示“所有事”谓动用单数）Allarepresent.（作主语，表示“所有人”谓动用复数）Noneofthegirlsinourclasslike/likesfootball.注意在回答what/who问句时，用nothing/nobody;而在回答howmany/Howmuch问句时用none.WhoisintheclassroomNobody.WhatisinyourhandHowmuchmoneydoyouhaveNone.

9、everyeach的使用eve”只能修饰名词，而each既可修饰名词，也可作名词使用eg:everydayeachclassroomeachofthestudent2）在单独作主语、同位语、宾语时只用each.Hereareenoughglasses.Eachofyoucangetone.Weeachshouldlistentotheteacherscarefully.every能表达“每隔”的含义，而each则不能everythreedays每3天、每隔2天everyfewyears每隔几年everyotherday/week/line每隔1天/I周/I行every与one连用，可用of修饰要分开写everyoneofus我们中的每一人eachofus我们中的每一人everyoneofthebooks这些书中的每1本eachofthebooks这些书中的每1本10some与any1表示“一些”含义时，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定、疑问、条件句中，都可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词Ihavesomequestionstoaskyou.DoyouhaveanytroubleinlearningEnglishIfanydoaskmeforhelp.注意1some表示“一些”时，可用于“征求意见”“提出建议”的疑问句中a.一Wouldyouliketohavesomeicecream—No.一Howaboutsomewater一Yesplease.some后接单数可数名词时表示“某一”的含义相当于acertain.someday将来某一天somekindofanimals某一种动物some可以和数词连用，表示“大约”的含义Thestorytookplacesomefortyyearsago.any如果表示“任何”含义时，可以用于肯定句中Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.11onetheotheranotherother+复数名词、otherstheother+复数名词、theothers1当前提只有两个时，表达“一个，另一个“用onetheother此时theother作名词用Ihaveboughttwobooks.Oneisadictionanytheotherisastorybook.2当前提有3个或以上时，表达“另一个用another或“an+序数词序数词的选择要根据语境来”表示Pleaseshowmeanotherbook.IhavestayedinKailiforaweekbutIstillwanttostayhereforasecondweek.注意如果是“一段时间”或“一笔钱”时，可以用another此时虽然是复数的形式，但它是单数含义Weneedanotherthreedaystofinishthework.可以替换为threemoredaysthreeotherdaysSorryyourmoneyisnotenough.Youneedtopayanother10dollars10moredollars10otherdollars3otheradj+复数名词或othersn表示除去一部分外剩余的某一部分，前面常有特征词some.Somepeopleareagainstyoubutothers/otherpeoplemayagreewithyou.Idontlikethisshirt.Haveyougotanyothers4theotheradj+复数名词或theothersn表示除去一部分外剩余的全部，一般都要有一定的范围Thereare70studentsintheclass.SomearefromtheUSAandtheothers/theotherstudents/therestarefromChina.12littlealittlefewafew的使用little几乎没有修饰不可数名词Thereislittlewaterinthedesertfew几乎没有”修饰可数名词的复数形式Fewpeoplelikehim.alittle一点一些3修饰不可数名词Thereisstillalittlesoupinthebowl.afew”一些几个”修饰可数名词的复数形式，相当于some、severalacoupleofIboughtafewbooksyesterday13many与much的使用much+不可数名词muchwater/information/pleasure--etcmany+复数名词=agood/greatmany+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式然而manyan+单数可数名词，如manyastudent作主语，谓动用第三单形式

14、疑问代词What、whichwho、whomwhosehowmany/muchhowsoonhowoftenhowlongetc、

1、在句中作主语、宾语含介词宾语、表语且指sth.用what另外表示“是什么样子”也用what.a.一Whafsyourname一MynameisPeter.b.一WhatisonyourdeskWhafstheweatherliketodayWhatdoesyourfatherlooklikeMyhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe10yearsago.

2、在句中指人且作主语，用who；如果指人作宾语，可以用who/whomWhosinchargeofyourclassWho/Whomdidyoumeetyesterday

3、指人且在句中作定语，用whose注意相应的名词要紧跟whoseWhosefatherisateacherWhosebikedidyouloseyesterday

4、当表示“哪一个/哪一些”含义时用which相应的名词也要紧随其后WhichdictionarydoyoulikeWhichstudentswillbechosentobevolunteers5^提问数目时用howmanymuch可数名词用howmany不可数名词用howmuch注意相应的名词也要紧随其后，如果问的是“钱”或“某种程度”时howmuch后常不接名词HowmanypeoplearethereinyourclassHowmuchvegetabledidyoubuythismorningHowmuchdidyouspendonthehouseHowmuchdoyoulikethedictionary

6、在将来时中表示在一段时间后“用介词in+时间”，含义为….之后提问则用howsoon多久以后.Theroadwillbecompletedintwoyears.Howsoonwilltheroadbecompleted

7、howoften用来提问频率Hewentbackhometwiceamonthlastyear.Howoftendidhegohomelastyear

8、howlong用来提问一段时间”通常指⑴到目前为止，且在现在完成时中2将要做某事长达一段时间Theyhavebeenmarriedforfiveyears.—HowlonghavetheybeenmarriedIwillstayinmycollegefor4years.一Howlongwillyoustayinyourcollege

15、全部否定与部分否定both/every/all与not连用表示部分否定NoteverystudentisfromtheUK=EverystudentisnotfromtheUK.BothofthemarenotfromGuiyang.=NotbothofthemarefromGuiyang.Notallofusstudyhard.=Allofusdontstudyhard.eithernotanynotneithernonenobodynothingeachnot者B表示全部否定Eitherofthetwobrothersisnotastudent.=Neitherofthetwobrothersisastudent.Anyofthemdoesntliketodance.Noneofthemlikes/liketodance.Nobodyisabsent.Nothingdoesgoodtoyou.e.Eachofthestudentsdoesntwanttogowithyou.。