高三英语二轮复习---高考英语概要写作讲解素材

高考英语概要写作讲解考点分析高考新增题型，1题15分；要求学生在理解原文的基础上，在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点PARTIII概要写作原文350词左右概要60±20定义Itisabriefthoroughandobjectiverestatementofthemainideaandkeypointsofalongercomposition*评分要点1）理解准确，涵盖全部要点2）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑4）完全使用自己的语言举例Maryisabeautifulgirlwhoalwayssmilestoothers.改Maryisagirl.ContainthemainideaIgnoretheunoeeessarydetailsRequestsofSummaryWriting写作要求第1页共16页Peopleholdmixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.Inthe16thcenturypeopleofsomeEuropeancountriesbelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.However3Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtmorethan200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.Nevertheless/But

④nowadayssomescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.练习一Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsagopeoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgotupearlywewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.Nowadayspeoplestillholdthesameview.Sovettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infactmorningisthebesttimeofaday.InthemorningtheairisthefreshestandpeopleareTisualiyinsthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwemorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthanatanyothertimeoftheday.Additionally^ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexerciseoronlyfakeashortwalkinthemorningwithoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchThatiswhymanypeoplegettingupearlydophysicalexerciseyearafteryear.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandqetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.Forexampleifeveryoneinthefamilygetsupearlywifewillhaveenoughtimetopreparethebreakfastforthewholefamily.Childrenwillhaveenoughtimetocatchtheschoolbusandhusbandwillneverforgettochangehisdirtyshirt.Everythingisinorder.Whataharmoniousscene!Howeverifwegetuplatewellprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurrymakingitinamess.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Laterisersmayfinditdifficulttoformthehabitofgettingupearly.Theyhavetomakeeffortstodoso.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeverydaywewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit参考答案•Theimportanceofgettingupearlyinthemorningcanneverbeoveremphasized.Inthefirstplaceourbrainworksfasterandmorecorrectly.Whatsmorewecanbeincreasinglyhealthybybreathingthefreshairandworkingoutinthemorning.Lastlyitenablesustomakeagoodpreparationfortheday.练习阅读下列七篇短文，然后分别用约30个词概括各篇文章的内容要点Onedayafannersdonkeyfelldownintoawell.Thefarmerthoughtthatitwasntworthsavingthedonkeybecausehewastoooldsohedecidedtoburyhim.Heinvitedhisneighborstohelphim.Theybegantoshoveldirtintothewell.Atfirstthedonkeyrealizedwhatwashappeningandcriedhorribly.Thentoeveryonessurprisehecalmeddown.Afewshovelloadslaterthefarmerfinallylookeddownthewellandwasastonishedatwhathesaw.Witheveryshovelofdirtthathithisbackthedonkeywouldshakeitoffandtakeastepup.Asthefarmersneighborscontinuedtoshoveldirtontopoftheanimalhewouldshakeitoffandtakeastepup.Sooneveryonewasamazedasthedonkeysteppedupovertheedgeofthewellandhappilytrottedoff!.［记叙文］Onedayadonkeyfellintoadeepwellandthenhismasterdecidedtoburyitratherthansaveit.Howeverthedonkeyshookeveryshovelofdirtoffsteppedupandeventuallysaveditself.TennischampionAndreAgassiwhoretiredin

2006.Agassiwasaterrificplayerwhowon60titlesincluding8majorchampionships.WhenhewasyoungAgassiwasashowoffwhoseemedtocareonlyabouthimself.Hedidnttrainveryhardbuthewonmatchesbecauseofhistremendoustalent.Eventuallythoughinjuriesandhisbadattitudecaughtupwithhim.HefellfromNo.1intheworldrankingstoNo.

141.SoAgassichanged.Hetrainedharderandbecameaworld-classplayeragain.Moreimportantlyhechangedasaperson.Hewasnicertofansandopponents.Hestopped第11页共16页thinkingjustabouthimselfandstartedthinkingaboutothers.ThroughhisAndreAgassiCharitableFoundationheraisedmorethan$60milliontohelpdisadvantagedkidsaroundhishometownofLasVegasNevada.HeevenstartedaschooltheAndreAgassiCollegePreparatoryAcademyforat-riskkids.Atthestartofanewyearlotsofpeoplepromisethemselvestheywillchange.Theymightvow发誓togetingoodphysicalshapedobetterinschoolorbenicertoothers.ChangesuchasthosecanbedifHcult.Buttheydohappen.JustrememberAndreAgassi.Itwasnteasybuthechangedandchangedforthebetter.

2.［夹叙夹议记叙文］DroppingfromNo.ltoNo.147madeAgassichangehimselffromaproudselfishpersontoahard-workingandwarm-heartedgentleman.Wecanchangeourselvestobeabetterpersontoothoughitisdifficult.Oneineveryfiveyoungpeoplehasasleepproblemsoyourenotalone.Gettingenoughsleephasbecomeasimportantaseatingvegetablesandexercisingregularly.Itsveryimportantforyourbody.Mostyoungpeopleonlygetsevenhoursofsleepeachnightwhentheyactuallyneedninehours.Andmakingupforlostsleepduringtheweekbysleepingonweekendsdoesntreallywork.Infactsleepinglateonweekendsmayactuallydoyoumoreharmthangoodifyouhavesleepproblems.WhathappensifyoudontgetenoughsleepIfyousleepproblemcontinuesforafewnightsyoucouldsufferseriousproblems.Lackofsleepcanaffectlearningandmemory.Worseifyoursleepdifficultieslastalongtimethatcouldleadtoanxietyordepression.说明文］Manyyoungpeoplehavesleepproblemswhichiflastingforafewnightsmayaffecttheirlearningandmemoryorevencauseanxietyanddepression.Sleepinglateonweekendswonthelp.4Gettingagoodeducationmaybethemostimportantpriceyoucanpaybecauseperhaps第12页共16页morethananythingelsewhatyoudowiththathugegraymaterialbetweenyourearswilldetermineyourfuture.Thesewordsactuallydescribemillionsofpeopleworldwidewhochoosetolimittheirpotentialabilitybynotwideningtheireducation.Apersonismuchmorelikelytohavebetterjoboffersmoresuccessfulcareerwithabettereducation.Thisinturnwouldallowformuchbetterlifestyle.Forexamplecomparetwomen.Thefirstpersonisahighschooldropout.Thesecondhasalawdegree.Thehighschooldropoutwillbefortunatetogetajobinfoodservicesmakinglessthantwentythousanddollarsayearbarelysurvivingeachweek.Tocontrastthisthepersonwiththelawdegreewillcertainlyhaveasuccessfulcareerasalawyermakingover$70000anually.Thelawyerwillofcoursehaveaverywealthylifestyle.Statisticsshowthathighschooldropoutsmake42%lessmoneythancollegegraduates.Ourgenerationwillbecomedoctorslawyersteachersandleadersoftomorrow.Todothissuccessfullyahigherlevelofeducationisveryimportant!Wemustcravelearning.Thisinturnwillpayfornotonlyourfuturebutalsowillhelptoinsuresuccessforthosewhofollow.议论文］Agoodeducationplaysanessentialpartinoneslifewhichcanreleaseourpotentialandhelpusgainbetter-paidjobs.Thereforeeveryoneissupposedtoreceivehighereducation.Hard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthejoblessareinpoorerhealththanthejob-holders.Astudyshowsthatwhenevertheemploymentrateincreasesby1%thedeathratedecreasecorrespondinglyby2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth.WhyisworkgoodforhealthItisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusyawayfromloneliness.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappyworriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Insteadthehappiestarethosewhoarebusy.Workservesasabridgebetweenmanandreality.Byworkpeoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Bycollective集体的activitiestheyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.Besidesworkgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisvalueandstatusinsociety.WhenawriterHnisheshiswritingorteacherseeshisstudentsgrowtheyarehappybeyondwords.Workishelpfultopeopleshealthbecauseitcanridoneoflonelinessaswellasmakeonefeelfruitfulandproudofhimselfwhichalwayscontributestophysicalandmentalhealth.Growingupisnotalwayseasy.Whenfacingdifficultiescourageandaspiritofindependencecanbemoreusefulthancryingforhelp.ThatswhatHongZhanhui9sstoryofgrowingfromboytomanwithfamilyhardshipstellsus・Hongwhowasbornin1982inapoorfamilyinXihuaCountyHennaProvinceisnowaheroinpeoplesmind.Whenhewasonly11hisfatherbecamementallyillandonedaycamebackwithanabandonedbabygirl.AyearlaterHongsmotherandyoungerbrotherbothlefthomebecauseofpovertyandpressurefromhisillfather.Theirburdensfellontothell-year-old^shoulders:totreathisfathersillnessbringuptheadoptedsisterChenchenandtogoontostudy.Hongdidntgiveup.Sinceayoungagehehasworkedinpart-timejobstofeedhisfamily.Atthesametimehehasstudiedatcollege.TotakecareofChenchenheworkedhardtorentaroomnearhiscampusforherandsendhertoschool.AfterHongsstorywentpublicpeopleweremovedtotearsbyhisunselfishness.HardashislifewasHongdidntabandonhisfatherandtheadoptedsisterbecausetheyneededhishelp.Withhishard-wonmoneyheevenaidedotherstudentsstrugglingagainstmisfortunes.Hongsstoryshowsthatwithloveandwillpowernohardshipcandefeatapersonbuthimself.Sowhenfacingdifficultiesdontcomplainaboutbadluck.Considerwhatmoreyoucoulddoforyourfamilyandsocietyandyoullfindtheworldsmilingback.假设你是一名读者，名叫李华，你读到了以上关于洪战辉事迹的报道后，你想写信与他交朋友，在鼓励他的同时和他分享你自己的成长经历请你在信中的第一段用约30个词概括关于洪战辉事迹的报道的内容要点，开头已经给出DearMnHongRecentlyIhavebeendeeplytouchedbyyourstory...

6.［书信体］DearMr.HongRecentlyIhavebeendeeplytouchedbyyourstorythatyouapoorstudentgrowuptobeindependentbylookingafteryoursickfatherandbringingupyouradoptedsisterwhichshowsthatdifficultiescanbeovercomeifwetakeanactiveattitude.InadditiontoteachinghereIalsoteachatasmallerhighschool17milesdownthefreewayfromwhereIlive.OnedayafewweeksagoIwasdrivingtothatschoolwhenmycarbrokedownjustafterIexitedthefreeway.IwasonlyaboutaquarterofamileawayfromtheschoolsoIgrabbedmybooksandstartedwalking.AssoonasIgotthereIcalledarepairmantomeetmeatmycarafterclass.Oneofmycolleaguesaskedmewhathadhappened.uThisismyluckyday・Irepliedsmiling.“Yourcarbreaksdownandtodayisyourluckyday”Shewaspuzzled.Whatdoyoumean”“Ilive17milesfromhere!”Ireplied.“Mycarcouldhavebrokendownanywherealongthefreeway.Itdidnt.Insteaditbrokedownintheperfectplace:offthefreewaywithinwalkingdistanceofhere.ImstillabletoteachmyclassandIvebeenabletoarrangefortherepairmantomeetmeafterclass.Ifmycarwasmeanttobreakdowntodayitcouldnthavebeenarrangedinamoreconvenientfashion.”Ioncereadsomewherebeforethateverymorningwhenyougetupyouhaveachoiceabouthowyouwanttoapproachlifethatday.AndthisiswhatIchoose—tobecheerful!最近你经常感觉学习压力非常大假设上文是你的外籍老师今天在课堂上所讲述的亲身经历，你准备在今天的日记中表达自己的感受日记的开头已为你写好请以约30个词概括老师所讲述的这个故事的内涵DearDiaryTodayinclassmyteachertoldusastorythatreallyhelpedmedealwithpressuresIoftenfeelinmystudies...

7.［日记体］DearDiaryTodayinclassmyteachertoldusastorythatreallyhelpedmedealwithpressuresIoftenfeelinmystudies.Thestorydescribedwhyitisimportanttobeoptimisticandmaintainapositiveattitudewhenfacingdifficulty.Thiswaywecanbettercopewiththeproblemswemeetinlife.第16页共16页a60-wordsummaryuseyourownwordsinthethirdpersonwithabriefsentenceconnectionbetweensentences（句子衔接）StepsofSummaryWritingStep

1.Determinethetypeofwritingandidentifythetopicaswellastheauthorspurpose确定体裁，明确主题Step

2.DividethepassagesummarizethemainideaofeachpartStep

3.HighlightthekeyinformationofeachpartStep

4.MakeanoutlineofthepassageStep

5.WritethefirstdraftStep

6.RevisethesummarySkillsofSummaryWritingWhenWhereWhoWhatWhyHowrtr1）提炼同义转换近义词、同义词等替换厂Y2）语言I3）衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接）例文1TheRenaissance15thto16thcenturyDuringtheRenaissancenewideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.AtthesametimepaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintingssotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselvestheirhousesandpossessionsaswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.Oneofthemostimportantdiscoveriesduringthisperiodwashowtodrawthingsinperspective.ThistechniquewasfirstusedbyMasaccioin

1428.Whenpeoplefirstsawhispaintingstheywereconvincedthattheywerelookingthroughaholeinthewallatarealscene.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscoverednoonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Bycoincidenceoilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistimewhichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechniquewewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.Step

1.Determinethetypeofwritingandidentifythetopicaswellastheauthorspurpose确定体裁，明确主题Step

2.Dividethepassagesummarizethemainideaofeachpart明确文章结构para1para1TopicSentence:“DuringtheRenaissancenewideasandvaluesgraduallyreplaced・・・”Idea1:•Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.”fHocomo第5页共16页Step

4.MakeanoutlineofthepassageTopicsentence:Idea1:Idea2:Para2Step

5.WritethefirstdraftPeoplebegantoconcentratelessonFirstlypeoplefocusedmoreonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanistichumanisticthemesfatherthan|religiousonesattitudetolife.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Summary:PeoplehadnewviewpointsduringtheRenaissance.Peoplefocusedmoreonhumanisticthemesratherthanreligiousones.Meanwhilepainterspreferredtheclassicalideasandpaintedrealpeopleandnature.29wordsTheperspectiveproposedbyMasaccioin1428becamethetypicalpaintingcharacteristicinthatperiod.Withthedevelopmentofoilpaintspeoplefeltlikeseeingrealitythroughahole.29words例文2ThereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirttopicsentenceIntheearly16thcenturypeople!thought|thatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease/asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin

1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIVKingofFrancewasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabaththekingorderedthattoavoidtheattackofdiseasethenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-liveddirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking」cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth」Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.YetitseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhiteclothseversoftersurfacestoshine.HasthehatefordirthowevergonetoofarAttitudestodirtstilldifferhugely|iwwadays|・Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirtwhichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.OnthecontraryMaryRuebushanAmericanimmunologist免疫学家encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem|・Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.ReadfortopicandstructureTipitopicsentence:Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtstructure:234Explore探究❶supportingideas❷findoutthetopicsentencesofeachparagraphleavingoutunnecessarypointsTip2:ExplorefortopicsentencesleavingoutunnecessarypointsParaphrase改写Tip3:Paraphrasewithsynonyms同义词AThereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.第8页共16页Attitudestodirtvaryindifferenttimes.Peopleholddifferent/mixedopinionstowardsdirtovertime.Paraphrasewithsynonyms（同义句）•••thoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease（Ddefendedtheirbodiesagainsttheattackofdisease.

②considereddirtontheskinhelpedresistillness.©protectedpeoplefromgettingill.©regarddirtontheskinasabarrieragainstdiseaseTip4:Paraphrase（改写）withstructures（participle分词，with-structure结构，emphaticsentence强调句andsoon）Inthe18thcentury...regarded...cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth

①Itwasnotuntil....thatpeolecametobelievewashingoffdirtbenefitedhealth.©Centurieslaterpeoplecametoadopt/employ/subsribetoascientificviewondirtconsideringitahealthypracticetoremovedirtofftheskin.encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem（Dplaywithdirthelpstrenghthentheirimmunesystem.

②exposuretosomedirtmayhelp/boostourimmunesystem.Polish（润色）Tip5:Polishwithconnectivestomakeitcoherent.TopicSentence:Rewrite:DuringtheRenaissancenewideasandIntheRenaissancenewviewpointswerevaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.inplaceofthosehundredsyearsago.T同义转换。