高考英语二轮复习组合练十四阅读理解阅读七选五语法填空含解析

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（十四）阅读理解+阅读七选五十语法填空I.阅读理解AInmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituationspersuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess.Researchershavelookedintodifferentaspectsofpersuasionandcomeupwithsomeinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.OneadvertisingcopywritercameupwithanapproachtosellingaproductonaTVshoppingchannelviaphonesales.InsteadofbeinginstructeduOperatorsarewaitingpleasecallnow”viewersweretold“Ifoperatorsarebusypleasecallagain”.Theresultswereextraordinary.Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.Whatrotwhenthetimecametopurchasethingspeoplewhosawthelargedisplaywereone-tenthaslikelytobuy.Iftheydobuytheyarelesscontentwiththeirselectioneventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.Anotheraspectofpersuasionconcernsgettingsomeonetochangetheirmind.Itshardtoprovetosomeonethatapreviousdecisioniswrongandaspeoplegetoldertheygetlessandlesswillingtochangetheirmind.Peoplewantthingstobeunwavering；theywanttheirattitudesstatementsvaluesandactionstofollowasetpattern.Theonlywaytopersuadethemtochangeistoacknowledgethisbyagreeingthatthepreviousdecisiontheymadeisaperfectlyunderstandableone.Thisallowsthemtofocusonyoursuggestionwithoutfeelingtheirpreviousdecisioniswrong.Asaresulttheymaybepersuadedtobreakoutoftheirestablishedpattern.［语篇解读］说服别人对取得成功至关重要，作者在文中介绍了在实际生活中说服别人的不同方式，以展示应该如何做说服工作WhatdoestheadvertisingcopywriterwanttoindicateabouttheproductA.Itsindemand.B.It，srare.C.It，sforsale.D.Itsprecious.解析推理判断题根据第二段的“Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.”可知，告知观众“如果接线员正忙，请再呼叫”，而不是“接线员正在等待，请现在呼叫”是一种说服策略接线员正忙，说明订购的人多，暗示产品受到大家的认可，很抢手，故选Aindemand“需求大”答案AWhatdoesthestudymentionedinParagraph3showMoreselectionsbringmoreactions.Increasedchoicedecreasessatisfaction.Moreandmorepeopledon，twanttochoose.Somechoicesaremoreattractivethanothers.解析细节理解题根据第三段的“Iftheydobuytheyarelesscontentwiththeirselectioneventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.”可矢口，选择的范围变大，会增加人们对自己的决定的不满，因为更多的还择需要投入更多的时间和更大的努力，人们也会产生过高的期望，由此可知本题选B答案BWhatdoestheunderlinedword“unwavering“inthelastparagraphmeanA.Reliable.B.Demanding.C.Unique.D.Consistent.解析词义猜测题画线词前面谈到“随着年龄的增长，人们越来越不愿意改变自己的想法”，该词后面谈到“人们希望自己的态度、言论、价值观和行动都遵循既定的模式”由此推知画线词所在句应表示人们希望事情（观点、决定等）始终如一，故画线词与consistent一致的，始终如一的”意义相近reliable“可靠的；demanding“要求高的；unique“独特的”答案I）Whatistheauthor，spurposeinwritingthetextA.Tocomparedifferentformsofpersuasion.B.Todiscussvariousstudiesonpersuasion.C.Toteachhowtogetbetteratpersuasion.D.Toanalyzehowpersuasionaffectssuccess.解析:写作意图题根据第一段^Inmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituationspersuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess...someinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.”可知，说服影响着人们的成功，研究人员研究了说服的不同方面，得出了一些有趣的结果，这些结果会对我们有帮助下文作者介绍了三个方面的说服案例和说服策略，其目的很明显教人们如何更好地说服别人做某事答案CBTwounusualgroups一thesamecompaniesthatarecausingthemostpollutiontheBPoilcompanyandDeltaAirLinesbothannouncedplanstobecomecarbonneutral（碳中和）by2050throughdecreasingresourceusageaswellasapplyingusefultechnology.SeveralotherlargeoilcompanieslikeShellTotalandEnihaveannouncedsimilargoals.OtherairlineslikeQantasandJetBlueareworkingonthesameplan.Sinceairlinetravelcausesaround2%—3%oftheworld，sgreenhousegasesmakingairlinescarbonneutralwouldbeagreatstep.Somepeoplebelievethecompaniesare“greenwashing”.Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperformandnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.Orsomecompaniesplantomeetsomeclimategoalsbybuyingucarbonoffsets（补偿）”whichmeanspayingsomeoneelsetocutpollutionorremovegreenhousegases.Butitsnotalwaysclearthatoffsettingtrulylowerspollution.Globalheatingisahugepartoftheclimateemergency.Theworldisgettinghottermainlybecausehumansareburningufossil（化石）fuels”likecoalandoil.Thesefuelsgiveoffpollutantsoftencalledgreenhousegases.Tobecomecarbonneutralitsnecessarytostopburningfossilfuels.Climateexpertshavesaidthebestsolutionistoleaveoilandcoalinthegroundalthoughitsstillhardtoreachforthemoment.Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.Itsslowbutgood“saidanexpertfromUNEP.Man-madetechnologytoremovelargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesfromtheatmospheredoesn，texistyet.Theideabehindthistechnologyisthatpollutinggasescouldberemovedfromtheatmospherecaughtandstoredsomehow一usuallyunderground.Thoughmanyquestionsremainabouthowthecompanieshopetomeettheirgoalssincethemaintechnologytheyexpectandneedisinaccessibletheirplannedchangesareactuallykeepingupwiththedevelopmentofmodernsociety.What，smoretheyareputtingbillionsofdollarsintotheefforttomakecarboncapturetechnologyhappen.［语篇解读］为减少大气中的温室气体，世界上几家大的石油公司和航空公司相继宣布成为“碳中和”公司的计划，减少碳排放量他们提供资金，开发碳捕获技术.WhydosomepeoplesaythecompaniesmentionedinParagraph1aregreenwashingTheyjustbuycarbonoffsets.Theypaylipservicetoenvironmentalissues.Theyallplantobecarbonneutral.I）.Theydonotshareacommonplanandgoal.解析推理判断题根据第一段的“Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperformandnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.“可知，有人认为这些公司在“漂绿”，是因为他们实际上还是在以过去的方式经营企业，没有人打算立即停止污染活动，或者他们计划通过购买“碳补偿”来实现这些气候目标，但人们并不总是清楚碳补偿行为是否真的能降低污染也就是说，关于环境污染问题，他们只是口头上说说，未采取行动paylipserviceto指对只予以口头上的支持”，故选B答案BWhatistheexistingwaytoreducegreenhousegasesExpandingforestcoverage.Stoppingburningfossilfuels.Catchingandstoringthegases.Closingdownpollutingfactories.解析细节理解题根据第二段的“Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.‘Itsslowbutgood.saidanexpertfromUNEP.”可知，现在最可行的办法就是多种树，扩大森林面积，故A项“扩大森林覆盖率”符合题意答案AWhatistheauthor，sattitudetotheannouncementbythecompaniesA.Ambiguous.B.Skeptical.C.Positive.D.Critical.解析观点态度题根据最后一段可知，作者认为虽然这些公司需要的碳捕获技术还没有开发出来，但他们的这些计划（成为“碳中和”公司）跟上了现代社会的发展，此外，他们正投入数十亿美元来实现碳捕获技术由此推知，作者对此的态度是积极的答案CWhatsthebesttitleofthetextWhatPossiblyLeadstoGlobalHeatingCompaniesTakeonClimateEmergencyWhoAreResponsibleforGreenhouseGasesTechnologyforClimateChangeIsontheWay解析标题归纳题文章第一段谈到了很多企业纷纷宣布成为“碳中和”公司或计划购买“碳补偿”来实现气候目标；第二段谈到了温室效应与缓解方法；第三段谈到了碳捕获技术的开发以及作者对企业成为“碳中和”公司的行动的态度综合来看，B项较为完整地概括了文章主题，体现了文章重心，适合用作标题takeon表示“决定做，同意负责，承担（责任）”答案Bn.阅读七选五Thiswillhelpyoudevelopahabitofactivelearninggradually.2Ibetthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.ButImsurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituationprobablymorethanoncewhereyoureadanassignmentclosedthebookandthought“whattheworldwasabout.3Activereadersontheotherhandsetgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinishtheycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey，veseenwhattheyhaveread.45Allinallbehaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equippingyourselfwithstudystrategies（策略）ofactivelearnersmayeventuallyhelpyoubecomeoneofthem.Passivelearnerswontbestrictwiththemselves.Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.Inotherwordsyouareprocessingwhatyouread.Howeverthatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.Wheninteractingwiththetextinthiswayyouaredoingpassively.Activelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.［语篇解读］作者在文中介绍了两种不同的学习类型一一主动学习和被动学习，并介绍了它们的区别，让学生了解主动学习是如何进行的，进而养成主动学习的习惯.解析上文提到通常有主动和被动两种学习方式，下文内容介绍了它们的不同，所以空处是承上启下句故B项符合语境，且与最后一段中的“Allinallbehaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.”首尾相呼应答案B.解析根据行文结构可知，本空概括段落内容，第二段主要讲解不同学习模式中对阅读的不同的处理方式，再结合“setgoalsandchecktheirunderstanding...whattheyhaveread可判断，G项“主动学习者带着理解和记忆信息的目的进行阅读”正确答案G.解析空前内容介绍一种不好的学习方式，空后有转折词组ontheotherhand紧接着是主动学习者如何进行阅读，故空前应该是被动学习者的做法，F项符合语境答案F.解析空前提到“becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation空后举例说明如何思考及处理信息，C项是前文的释义，且与下文表意一致符合语境答案C.解析空前提到“相反，被动学习者阅读和听讲座时能理解大部分内容”，本文一直在对比两种学习方式的不同，故D项uHoweverthatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.”符合题意，选项中的it指代空前的whatisreadandheard”答案D【IL语法填空richthepublicsknowledgeandexpandtheiroutlook.Theselivestreamingeventsare

10.stepforwardinachievingthatgoal.［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文中国实体博物馆今年早些时候闭馆期间，“云上博物馆”流行起来.解析考查词性转换修饰动词应该使用副词，故用temporary的副词形式temporarily”暂时地”答案temporarily.解析考查并列连词前面提到实体博物馆暂时闭馆，后面提到很多博物馆仍然对网上游客开放，故填but表示转折关系答案but.解析考查词性转换空格处修饰名词number应该用所给词的形容词形式growing意为“增长的”符合句意答案growing.解析考查动词时态根据句中的时间状语sinceFebruary可知，此处要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示动作从过去持续到现在，并可能持续下去答案haveheld/havebeenholding.解析考查定语从句的引导词分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theprograms关系词在从句中作主语，故要用which答案which.解析考查词性转换空处修饰名词，故用形容词daily表示“每日的，日常的”答案daily.解析考查名词单复数根据空后的ofhisaudience可知，此处要用heart的复数形式答案hearts.解析考查动词语态句意文化遗产不应该被搁置和忽视，应该用来丰富公众的知识和扩大他们的视野根据beinglaidasideand和句意可知，这里表达的是“被忽视”，故填ignoredo答案ignored.解析考查词性转换情态动词should后应该使用动词原形，故填rich的动词形式enrich“使丰富，充实”答案enrich.解析考查冠词此处表示这些现场直播活动是实现那个目标的一步step是可数名词此处表示泛指，且step的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a答案a。