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SectionIIIGrammar一倒装和强调语法突破力［语弦初包］［语拔捌折］英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后假设把谓语动词放在主语之前，那么构成倒装句假如谓语全部放在主语之前，叫完全倒装，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时；假如只有助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，那么构成局部倒装.完全倒装1当表示方位或时间的副词如heretherenowthenupdowninawayoffout等置于句首，且主语是名词时Outrushedagirlandacat.一个女孩和一只猫冲了出来Awayflewthebirds.鸟儿飞走了［名师点津1以上结构中，主语为代词时，不能构成倒装2当表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时Inthefrontofthestagestandsafamoussinger.舞台前站着一位闻名的唱歌家3形容词短语，过去分词短语、现在分词短语或介词短语作表语位于句首时，且主语局部较长时，其结构为“表语+连系动词+主语〃PresentatthemeetingareProfessorWhiteProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和很多其他客人Hangingonthewallisapicturedrawnbya6-year-oldboy.墙上挂的是一个6岁男孩画的画.局部倒装1表示否认意义的notneverhardlyseldomscarcelyrarelylittleinnocasebynomeansatnotimeonnoconditionnotuntil等置于句苜时SeldomdoIgotoworkbybus.我很少乘公交车上班NotuntilyesterdaydidlittleJohnchangehismind.直到昨天小约翰才转变他的办法2only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时，主句用局部倒装Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourmistakes.只有用这种方式你才能从错误中吸取教训Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.直到1918年战斗结束时，他才能开心地重新投身于工作⑶以soneithernor开头的句子用局部倒装，表示前面所说的状况也适用于后者HestudiesEnglishwell;sodoeshissister.他英语学得很好，他妹妹也是如此Marycantrideabicycle;neither/norcanLucy.玛丽不会骑自行车，露西也不会4在so...that…与such...that…句型中，so与such局部位于句首时，要用局部倒装Sounreasonablewashispricethateverybodystartled.他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌5hardly...when...»nosooner...hannotonly...butalso…等连接两个句子，hardlynosoonernotonly置于句首时，紧接否认词之后的句子要用局部倒装语序Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhenhisfatherstoppedhim.他刚开口说话就被父亲制止了Notonlydidherefusethegiftbutalsoheseverelycriticizedthesender.他不但拒绝了礼物，而且还严峻批判了送礼的人6含有wereshouldhad的虚拟条件句可以省略if将wereshouldhad提到句首进行倒装VVereshemyfriendIwouldaskherforhelp.假如她是我的伴侣，我就会向她求助Hadhetakenmyadvicehewouldhavesucceeded.他要是听了我的建议，就胜利了
（7）as引导的让步状语从句必需局部倒装，though引导的让步状语从句可倒装，也可不倒装两者的倒装形式为“形容词/副词/分词/动词+as/though+主语+谓语”Uglyas/thoughtheoldmanisheiskind.虽然那位老人很H但他很和善［名师点津］当作表语的单数可数名词放在句首时，名词前不用冠词Childasheisheknowsalot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多集中演练I1一
1.句型转换©Henotonlylikesreadingstoriesbutalsohecanwritesome.*Notonlydoeshelikereadingstoriesbutalsohecanwritesome.
②A（alltreewithahistoryof1000yearsjuststandsinfrontofourhouse.Justinfrontofourhousestandsatalltreewithahistoryof1000years.
③ItwasnotuntilhismothercamebackhomeafterworkthatDavidbegantodohishomework.*NotuntilhismothercamebackhomeafterworkdidDavidbegintodohishomework.®Hchadnosoonertakenouthiscellphonethantheheadteachercameintotheclassroom.-*Nosoonerhadhelakenouthiscellphonethantheheadteachercameinto（heclassroom.1-
2.完成句子
⑤NotuntilaweeklaterdicLhcrcccivc（他才收到）theletterfromhissister.
⑥Jacklikesskating.SodoesMary（玛丽也是如此）.@Ontopofthebooksisthephotoa山um（是相册）yourelookingfor.@1failedthefinalexaminationlastterm.Onlythendid」realize（我才意识到）thatIhadwastedalotoftime.@Notonlywasheforced（他被迫）tosurrenderbuteverythinghehadwastakenaway.⑩Goneare」hedays（的口子过去了）whenChinesewerelookeddownupon.⑪Studeniassheis（尽管她还是个同学），shecanmakesomemoneytohelpsupportthefamily..结构Itis/was+被强调局部+that/who+句子的其他局部1假如句子用的是过去的某种时态，强调结构中就用was；假如句子用的是现在的某种时态，强调结构中就用is
（2）强调“人〃时，可以用who代替ihal；强调其他时一律用由熊
（3）强调句型用来强调主语、宾语、状语等除谓语以外的句子成分Allthemembersheldameetingintheclubyesterday.昨天全部会员在俱乐部进行了一次会议=Itwasameetingthatallthemembersheldintheclubyesterday.（强调宾语）=Itwasintheclubthatallthemembersheldameetingyesterday.（强调地点状语）=Itwasyesterdaythatallthemembersheldameetingintheclub.（强调时间状语）=Itwasallthemembersthat/whoheldameetingintheclubyesierday.（强调主彳吾）.i般疑问句的结构Is/Wasit+被强调局部+that/who+句子其他成分？Wasityourmotherwhomadethedecision这个打算是你妈妈做的吗？.特别疑问句的结构特别疑问词+is/wasit+that/who+句子其他成分？Whywasitthathedidntgettoschoolontime为什么他没有按时到校？.not...until...的强调句型Itis/wasnotuntil...+that+其他成分Itwasnotuntilhefinishedallhishomeworkthathewenttobedlastnight.昨天晚上他直到完成全部的作业才去睡觉集中演练22—
1.单句改错©ItwasonNationalDaywhenwevisitedtheForbiddenCity.when--that
②Itwasnotuntilhegothomewhereherememberedhehadlefthiscellphoneintheofflce.where-tthat
③Itisbecauseheisinterestedinspacewhyhewantstobeeanastronautinthefuture.why-that2—
2.句型转换©Alicecameacrossherolduniversityfriendonthetrainthedaybeforeyesterday.-*ItwasonthetrainthatAlicecameacrossherolduniversityfriendthedaybeforeyesterday.（强调地点状语）
⑤DidtheSecondWorldWarbreakoutini939-Wasitjn1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout（强调句的一般疑问句结构）©Wheredidyoupickupthewallet—Wherewasjt（hatyoupickedupthewallet（强调句的特别疑问句结构）完成句子（2017•江苏高考）要不是老师的关心，这个同学可能克服不了她的困难（倒装句）Wereitno【fbcihesiwortoftheteachersthestudentcouldnotovereherdifficulty.（2017・天津高考）正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到了我的新邻居（强调句）ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyaDartment」hatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.（2016•江苏高考）直到近来他们才鼓舞农村地区旅游相关活动的开展（倒装句）Notun）ilrcccnUydid」hcycncouragcthedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesinruralareas.（2016•天滓庙考）你等错地方了长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客（强调句）Youarewaitingatawrongplace.hisalIhehotelIhalthecoachpicksuptourists.（2015•天津高考）当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了（倒装句）OnlywhenLil\walkedinto」heofficedidshcrealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.（2014・大纲卷）护士们不仅想涨工资，而且还想削减工作时间（倒装句）Notonlydothenurseswantapayincreasetheywantreducedhoursaswell.［斜对修福II.句型转换Heansweredmeonlyafterbeingaskedthreetimes.-*Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidheanswerme.Henotonlylikedreadingstoriesbutalsohecouldwritesome.-Notonlydidhelikereadingstoriesbutalsohecouldwritesome.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenthetelephonerang.-*Hardlyhadhesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.Shewassofrightenedinthedarknesshatshedidnotdaretomoveaninch.-*Sofrightenedwassheinthedarknessthatshedidnotdaretomoveaninch.Theboyknewlittleaboutthisstrangevillage.-*Littledidtheboyknowaboutthisstrangevillage.Ifitshouldraintomorrowwewouldhavetoputoffthematch.-*Shoulditraintomorrowwcwouldhavetoputoffthematch.H.完成句子.假如你参与晚会，我也会参与的（局部倒装句）IfyoutakepartintheparlysowillI..约翰开了门，那里站着一个他以前从未见过的女孩子（完全倒装句）Johnopenedthedoor.Therestoodagirlhehadneverseenbefore..正是多年艰苦的工作才造就了他今日的胜利（强调句）ltwasycarsofLhardworkthathasmadehimsuccessfultoday..你能告知我是什么使她不像以前那样欢乐了吗？（强调句）Couldyouteilmewhatitisthatpreventsherbeingashappyasbefore.假如我是你的话，我不会做这种事情的（局部倒装句）WereIyouIwouldntdosuchathing.III.短文改错Myfatherinfluencesmylifemost.Hewasamiddleschoolteacher.Myfatherisinhisforty.Heiskindorhelpfultopeople.Hecaresforthestudentswhohavedifficultystudy.Heoftenhelpshisstudentsontheirhomework.Heisreadyhelpanyone.Heoftenwarnsstudentsnottobeabsencefromschool.Myfatherhasdonatedbloodfivetimessincealittleyearsago.Healwaysgoestomyneighbor.GrandpaLishometoplaytheChinesechesswithhimeveryweekend.Heisatrueman.Iwanttobeapersonlikehimwhile1growup.答案其次句was-*is第三句forty-forties第四句or-*and第五句study-*studying第六句on-*with第七句ready后加to第八句absence-*absent第九句lillle~few第十句去掉the第十二句:while-*when原句感知自主探究©Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.
②Thedooroftheclassroomopenedandoutrushedthechildren.
③NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit!®Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.
⑤Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassedwasthemanabletospeak.
⑥ItwasOliverTwistwhowaschosen.1句
①②中谓语动词全部放在主语之前，是完全倒装2句
③@@中局部谓语动词放在了主语之前，是局部倒装3句
⑥是强调句型本句中强调公，故可用who其余无论强调什么，一律使用thato语法点一倒装语法点二强调句型。
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