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Unit4SharingI.阅读理解A（2020•普通高等学校招生全国统一考试）Organicfoodisverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnonorganicfoodbutnewparentsandpetownersarewillingtopayupto200%morefororganicfood.Howevertherearepeoplewhothinkitisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnonorganicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicalssuchaspesticides（杀虫齐（j）.Inmanycountriesorganicfoodshavespeciallabels.Theseguaranteethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethinkorganicmeanslocallygrown.Oiiginallythiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Therewerentenoughorganicingredients（原料），suchasgrainandcattle.Thismadeitdifficu11formanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Todaymanylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.IsorganicfoodmorenutritiousThisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumersbelieveitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer.Manyhealthprofessionalsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodspreventhealthproblems.Healthspecialistsworrymoreaboutbacteria（细菌），suchasE.coliandsalmonella.Thesecangetintocontactwithorganicandnonorganicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportanttoo.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.IstastierfoodworththeextramoneyThisiorganicconsumersarguethatitisbettertobesafethansorry.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文有机食品很受欢迎，但价格也相对昂贵一些人愿意为此支付高额的费用，也有一些人认为这是在浪费钱财WhatispiobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumersA.Price.B.Safety.C.Freshness.D.Variety.B［考查推理判断根据第二段中的Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicalsw和第四段中的Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer”可知，有机食品不使用农药，许多消费者认为农药会引起健康问题，故可推知购买有机食品的消费者主要关心的是安全问题］Whatisthedoctors*suggestionGrowyourownfood.Reducetheuseofpesticides.Makesurethefoodisclean.Buylargocompaniesproducts.C［考杳细节理解根据第四段中的“Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.HandlingmeatcarefullyisimportanttooM可知，医生建议要保证食品是干净的］WhichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfoodA.Ittastesbetter.B.Itiseasiertogrow.C.Itcontainsmorefat.D.Itismorenutritious.A［考杳细节理解根据最后一段中的“Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter可知，大多数人认为有机食品尝起来味道更好］WheredoesthistextprobablycomefromA.Arecipebook.B.Achemistrypaper.C.Amedicalreport.D.Ahealthmagazine.D［考查文章出处通读全文可知，本文主要在探究有机食品是否更安全、更有营养，故可推知本文最可能选自健康杂志］B（2020•潍坊市6月模拟）DuringtheCOVID-19crisiseventhesimpleactofbuyinggrocerieshasbeencompletelytransformed.Forseniorsthistaskisevenmorechallenging.ConcordiaUniversitysACTprojectteamhasjoinedwithcommunitypartnersintheneighbourhoodtofillthisgap.They*verapidlycreatedanewprogram—COVID-19GroceryResponseNDG.Theprogramusesamodelthatpairsvolunteerswithseniors，basedonavailabilityandlanguage.ThosevolunteersaretrainedbyACTsteamviavideoconferencingandthengivenalistofolderadults.ThevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorderworkingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreinthearea.WhenthecalIisovertheordergetssenttoProvigowhichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior.Itwon*ttaketheplaceoftheworkofthefoodbank；seniorsarepayingfortheirgroceries.Thereisalsoanimportantsocialelementinthecallwhichdoublesasafriendlycheck-in.Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththeseniorwhomaybeverylonelyandanxious.Onevolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathomewhichtheyareal1beingencouragedtodo.TheprogiamisaresponsetoanumberoffactorsincludingthefactthatmanyolderadultsareonafixedincomeandmaynothavetheInternetaccessneededtoordergroceriesonline.Itistargetingseniorswhoaren*tabletoaccessNewHopesusualmealsonwheelsservice.Sofartheprojectisasuccesswithagrowingnumberofvolunteersandseniors.Asforwhat*snextConcordiaisoptimisticbutacknowledgesthattheteamwillneedtobenimbletoaccommodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOV11-19pandemic.Weareatacriticaltimeandweneedtodoeverythingwecantogethertohelpout.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在加拿大新冠肺炎疫情期间帮助老年人在商店下单购物的一个志愿者服务项目，该项目使老年人和志愿者双方都有受益WhatdothevolunteersdotohelptheseniorsHelpthempaythebill.Sendtheirordertothestore.Writeashoppinglistforthem.Delivertheirgroceriestothedoor.B［考查细节理解根据第二段中的“ThevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorderworkingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreinthearea.WhenthecallisovertheordergetssenttoProvigowhichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior”可知，志愿者们先通过电话联系这些老年人，记下他们订购的商品，然后与当地的商店合作，将订单发送给商店，商店再对订单上的商品进行搜集，最后递送给老年人，故选］WhatcanweinferabouttheprogramfromParagraph3Itbenefitsbothsides.Ithelpsthestoresurvive.Itgoesbeyondexpectation.Itencouragespeopletopurchaseonline.A［考查推理判断°根据第三段中的Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththeseniorvolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathome”可知，在这个项目中，孤独、焦虑的老年人可以和志愿者聊天，志愿者也认为这是有益的经历，可以让他们待在家里的同时又有机会帮助别人，因此可推断，这个项目是使双方都受益的，故选A］WhomightbethepotentialclientoftheprogramDaisyaged45withaheavydebt.Davidwhoenjoysmealsonwheelsservice.Alexanderaged75witharetirementpension.I.Elspethwhoknowsnothingaboutonlineshopping.C［考查推理判断根据第四段最后一句“ItistargetingseniorswhoarentabletoaccessNewHope*susualmealsonwheelsservicev可知该项目的服务对象是不会使用通常的上门送餐服务的老年人，故选C］Whatdocstheunderlinedword“nimble“probablymeanA.Flexible.B.Beneficial.C.Accessible.i.Qualified.A［考查词义猜测根据画线词后面的“accommodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOVID-19pandemic”可知，团队需要考虑新冠肺炎疫情期间不断变化的现实，由此可知画线词的意思最接近flexible“灵活的”，故选A］II.完形填空（2020•6月济南市高三针对性训练）Thelionsandleopards（豹）ofanationalparkinIndianormallydonotgetalong.They］eachotherforspaceandfood.Butaboutayearagoayounglionessinthepark2ababyleopard.The2-month-oldbabywithbrownearsandblueeyeswas3andthelionessspentweeksnursing4andcaringforhimunti1hedied.Shetreatedhimasifhewereoneofherowntwosonswhowereaboutthesameage.Thiswasa§caseofcross-speciesadoptioninthewildtheonlydocumentedexampleinvolvinganimalsthatarenormally6，theparkworkersthoughttheassociationwouldbebriefbutthiswenton.Thefamilywere8totourthepark.Thelionesstookcareofthebabyand9meatthatshehunted.Thenewbrothersplayedwithhimandoccasionallyfollowedhimuptrees.Thisunlikely10wassurelyamazing.AlthoughthisadoptionwaspuzzlingithighlightstheILbetweenthetwospecies.Untiltheyreachyoungadulthoodwhensocialdifferences12lionsandleopardsplayandbegformilkinsimilarways.Forthismotherlionessshemayhavethebabysmoreleopard-likefeatures-hissmellsizeandspottedappearance.The24oftheinter-speciesadoptioninthewiIdwou1dbesweetenoughforachildrensbookyet15enoughtoattractscientists.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文在印度的一个国家公园里，狮子和豹子通常不能和睡相处，它们为食物和空间而互相争斗，但一年前，--头母狮竟然收养了••只幼豹并照顾它直到它死去A.putupwithB.takeadvantageofC.dependonD.fightwithD［根据空前一句可知，在印度的一个国家公园里，狮子和豹子通常不能和睦相处；结合该句中的“forspaceandfood”可知，它们常为食物和空间互相争斗，故D项正确A项意为“容忍，忍受”，与语境不符］A.scaredC.spottedD.attackedB［根据第二段第一句中的thelionessspentweeksnursing”可知，这头母狮用了数周时间照顾幼豹；结合下文中的“cross-speciesadoption”可知，这头母狮收养了幼豹，B项意为“收养”，故B项正确］A.lazyC.weakD.dangerousC［根据空后的“ihe1ionessspentweeksnursingandcaringforhimuntilhedied”可知，母狮花费数周照顾幼豹、喂养它直至它死去；据此可知，这只幼豹很虚弱，C项意为“虚弱的”，故C项正确］A.feedingC.followingA［参见上题解析］A.simpleC.famousD［根据上文可知，母狮收养了幼豹并照顾它直到它死亡结合常识可知，这种跨物种收养的行为是罕见的，D项意为“稀少的”，故D项正确］A.friendsB.competitorsC.partnersD.neighborsB［根据该句中的“normally”并结合上文可知，这个跨物种收养的例子涉及的动物（狮子和豹子）在通常情况下是竞争者关系；B项意为“竞争者”，故B项正确］A.InitiallyB.LuckilyC.CertainlyD.UnexpectedlyA［根据语境可知，起初，公园的工作人员认为这种跨物种收养过程很短，但是没想到这种过程在继续；A项意为“起初”，故A项正确］A.expectedB.observedC.persuadedD.pushedB［根据下文的描述可知，这头母狮照顾幼豹，并和它分享自己猎捕来的肉，两只小狮子也陪它玩并时不时在树上跟着它，据此可知，这个家庭在公园里的活动被人们观察到］A.cookedC.sharedD.burnedC［参见上题解析］A.experienceB.affairC.agreementD.connectionD［根据第三段第一句中的“theassociation”并结合空前的unlikely”可知这种狮豹在一起的不太可能的联系必定令人大为惊奇］A.conununicationB.similaritiesC.behaviorIdifferencesB［根据空后一句中的Mlionsandleopardsplayandbegformilkinsimilarwaysw并结合语境可知，尽管这种跨物种的收养让人困惑，但它强调了两个物种之间的相似点，B项意为“相似点”，故B项正确］A.emergeB.remainC.recoverD.surviveA［结合语境和常识可知，幼狮幼豹在玩耍和讨要乳汁时的方式是相似的，直到它们到了成年早期，社会行为的不同之处开始出现；A项意为“出现”，故A项正确.］A.comparedB.dislikedC.ignoredD.protectedC［上文表述了狮、豹两个物种之间有相似之处，因此，这头母狮可能忽略了这个幼崽的更多“像豹”的特点］A.incidentB.experienceC.reportItaleD［根据语境和上文表述的跨物种收养很罕见可知，跨物种收养是儿童读物中足够让人愉快的故事，但也是足够奇怪到吸引科学家的故事；D项意为“故事”，故D项正确］A.strangeB.caringC.reliableD.movingA［参见上题解析］W.语法填空2021•山东省历城二中第一次模拟Whatyouspendratherthanwhatyouearn
1.helptodeterminehowcontentyouarewithlifeanewstudysays.ResearchfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundspendingonhotelsrestaurantsandhouseholdfurnishingswasassociatedwithlifesatisfaction.
2.unsurprisingspendingoninsuranceandmobilephoneswasnot.ButtheONSsaidthatoverallspendingandincomematteredlessthanpersonalcircumstanceswhen
3.measurelifesatisfaction.Goodhealthmaritalstatus婚姻状况andeconomicactivityhadthestrongestassociationswithhowpositivelylifesatisfactionisrated.Itsanalysisfoundthatagealsomattered:theyounghave
4.high1ifesatisfactionthanthoseintheirfortiesbutlifesatisfactionrisesagaininlateryearsbeforefallingagainforthoseintheireighties.Living
5.conditionwerealsoimportant.Thosewhoowntheirhomesthinktheirlifesatisfactionismorehighlythan
6.inpoverty.Butwhilespendingismoreimportantthanincomehouseholdswith
7.incomeofbetween£24000and£44000wou1dfeelmore
8.satisfyiftheirincomeincreasedtheONSfound.TheONSsaid“Thereisnoevidenceofasignificantassociationbetweenhouseholdincome
9.lifesatisfactionoverallafteraccountingforothercharacteristicssuchasage
10.marryandsoon.”语篇解读本文主要介绍了一项新的研究，并列举了几种主要的能决定一个人对生活的满意程度的因素.解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致句意为一项新的研究表明，开支比收入更能决定一个人对生活的满意程度分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据本句的时态及空后的anewstudysays可知，本句介绍一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此处主语为从句，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填helps答案helps.解析考查词性转换句意为保险和手机方面的支出与对生活的满意度没有关联，这不足为奇分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰整个句子，应填副词，故填Unsurprisingly答案Unsurprisingly.解析•考查非谓语动词句意为但英国国家统计局表示，在衡量生活满意度时，总体支出和收入的重要性低于个人情况分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词mallered因此measure应用非谓语形式，且measure与其逻辑主语theONS之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填measuring答案measuring.解析考查形容词的比较级句意为分析发现年龄也很重要年轻人的生活满意度比40岁的人高，但生活满意度在之后几年会再次上升，而80多岁的人则会再次下降分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定语，根据设空处后的than可知，此处应用比较级，故填higher答案higher.解析考查名词单复数句意为生活条件也很重要分析句子结构可知，设空处作主语，应用名词且空后谓语动词为复数形式，故此处名词也应用复数形式故填conditions^livingconditions意为生活条件答案conditions.解析考查代词句意为那些拥有自己的家的人认为自己的生活满意度比贫困人口高分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作宾语，指代“贫困的人”，表示泛指，故填those答案those.解析考查冠词句意为但英国国家统计局发现，尽管支出比收入更重要，，如果收入增加，会感到更满足anincomeof...为固定搭配意为”……的收入，故填an答案an.解析考查非谓语动词句意见上一题解析分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作表语，应用形容词结合句意可知，此处表示“感到满意的，故填satisfied答案satisfied.解析考查连词句意为英国国家统计局说“没有证据表明，在考虑到年龄、婚姻等其他特征后，家庭收入与总体生活满意度之间存在显著的关联”分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为between...and...结构，表示“在之间，故填and答案and.解析考查词性转换句意见上一题解析分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中与age作并列宾语应用名词故填marriage答案marriage。
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