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TheConquestoftheUniverseAUSmillionairewhowasthefirstprivatespacetouristhasannouncedplanstosendamanandawoman-probablyamarriedcouple-onaroundtriptoMars.DennisTitoaformerrockciscientistwhomadehisfortunethroughinvestmentssaidhisMissionforAmericaaimstobringaneweraofspaceexploration.TitowhopaidtheRussians$20millionforatickettotheInternationalSpaceStationISSin
2001.outlinedhisplansinWashingtonDC.Titosaidhewouldfundthemissionuntiltheendofnextyearandhopedtoraisetherestofthemoneythroughdonations.mediarightssalesandpotentiallythroughsellingscientificdatatoNASA美国国家航空和航天局.“Thereisnotimetolose.”hesaid.*Nowisthetime.wThemission.a*returnfly-by.winwhichthespacecraftwouldflyaroundMarsratherthanlandwouldlastfor500days.Theplannedorbitisknownasa“freereturn**oncefiredintospacethecapsulewillswingaroundMarsandcomebacktoEarthregardlessofwhalhappenstoitsoccupants.ManyexpertssaythemissionwillstandorfallonTitosabilitiestoraisefunds.Titosaid**1willcomeoutalotpoorerasaresultofhismissionbutmygrandchildrenwillcomeoutalotricherfortheinspirationitwillgivethem.”ReadingIntroductionReadingI.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.答案1—6LIAKBJ7〜12CHDGEFII.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.Shehasmastered2000Englishwordssofar.到目前为止Thebussloweddownforthenextstop.减速Wehavebeengoodfriendseversincewewereveryyounq.自从；自以后TheymadeaplanforEnglishstudyattheverybeginningofthisterm.在一开头的时候WhenItoldthemthetruththeywereallinshock;theycouldntbelieveit.处于震动中MadameCurieandherhusbandcontinuedtoworkinspiteofallthedisforts.不管ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveleftmycountryandsetfootonforeignsoil.踏上IthoughthewouldbetoooldtogettothetopofthemountainbuthemadeitatIasi.做成，胜利Mostparentsarenotwellawareofthedangeroftheirbabieseatingjellywhichcausesmostunfortunateincidentstohaopen.意识至UAfterlivingthereforoneyeartheyhavebeenaccustomedtoworkingthere.习惯于2话题导入Lookatthefollowingpicturesandtrytodescribethem.©.
②.
③.参考答案
①AmericanNeilArmstrongisthefirstmantosetfootonthemoon.
②RussianYuriGagarinisthefirstmaninspace.
③YangLiweiisthefirstChineseastronaut.
④LiuYangisthefirstChinesewomanastronaut.3疏通文意I.Fast-readingSkimthetextandmatcheachpartwithitsmainidea.CCPart1A.ThewriterwitnessedtheexplorationoftheChallenger.
②Part2B.Humanexploringtheuniverse.答案
①〜
②BAII.Careful-readingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.WhywerepeopleNOTenthusiasticaboutthespacetravelprogrammeafterthefirstmoonlandingItwasmeaningless.Itusedspaceshuttles.ItcosttheUSAalotofmoney.Therewerefewerspacetravelers.WhichofthefollowingmarkedthebeginningofanewspacetravelTheColumbiasspacetravel.TheVikinglsspacetravel.TheApollo11sspacetravel.TheChallengersspacetravel.FromPart2inthetextwecaninferthat.wehaveachievedgreatsuccessinspacetravelwcstillhavealongwaytogoinspaceexplorationpeoplearenotinterestedinspacetravelspaceravelshouldnotincludeordinarypeople答案1〜3CABm.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.AllthreeastronautsmadeitsafelybacktoEarthusingaspaceshipputerthatwasmuchlesspowerfulthantheonesusedbytheaverageschoolstudentstoday.［句式分析］本句是一个复合句主句是AHthreeastronautsmadeitsafelybacktoEarth;usingaspaceshipputer...是现在分词短语作状语，aspaceshipputer后面是that引导的定语从句，其中usedbytheaverageschoolstudentstoday是过去分词短语作定语，修饰theones［尝试翻译］三位宇航员平安返回地球，他们当年使用的宇宙飞船计算机远不及现在一般同学使用的计算机功能强大，WhenIheardafewweekslaterthatthebodiesoftheastronautsandeventheteacherslessonplanshadbeenfoundatthebottomoftheoceanIwasnotsosureitwasworthitatall.［句式分析］「作heard的宾语从句When1heardaf»ww»ekslaterthattheIxxliesofthe匚时间状语从句.►连接两个并列主语eventheteacherslessonplanshadb”nsure的L宾语从句foundaliheboltomofiheoceanIwasnoisosureilwasworthitalall.几周之后，当我听说那几位宇航员的遗体以及那位老师的教案在大洋底部我不再确定这一切是否值得课下过关检测提能力［对应学生课下能力提升十七］［对应同学课下力量提升
（十七）］阅读理解NASAsNewHorizonsprobeflewbyPluto（冥王星）thismorningsendingbackhistorysfirstup-closelooksatthevastfreezing-coldworld.Closestapproachcameat749a.m.EDT.TocelebrateNASAgaveoutthelatestphotoofPluto.Itshowedareddishworldwithanamazingheart-shapedfeatureonitssurface.Aftertodayscloseencounteralltheninesolarsystemstraditionallyrecognizedplanetshavenowbeenvisitedbyaspaceship一ahugeprojectbegunin1962whenNASAsMariner2probeflewpastVenusaplanetinthesolarsystem.Morethan1200scientistsNASAguestsandimportantpersonsincluding200reporterswatchedtheflybyliveatNewHorizonsmissioncontrolcenter.Thatcloseencounterhasbeenalongtimeing.The$723millionNewHorizonsmissionwaslaunchedinJanuary2006butbegantakingshapein
1989.**NewHorizonsisacapstonemission*GlenFountainmissionprojectmanagertoldSpace..”Itisthefirstpletionoftheobservationsofoursolarsystem.Itsgivingusanewideaabouthowwehumanbeingsfitintotheuniverse.”NewHorizonsufacedacrazynumberofchallenges”.SternadrivingforcebehindNewHorizonssaiduSomanypeoplestuckwiththisfbrsolong.Theygotknockeddown;theystoodup.Theygotknockeddownagain;theystoodupagain.”Inacoincidencetodayscloseapproachfallsonthe50thanniversaryofthefirstflybyofMarsanotherplanetwhichwaspletedbyNASAsMariner4spaceship.TherearenolongernineofficiallyrecognizedplanetsofInternationalAstronomicalUnionregardedPlutoas“adwarfplanet”in2006inadecisionthatremainscontroversial（有争议的）today.语篇解读NASA新视野号探测器飞掠冥王星使人类第一次看到了冥王星的清晰照片WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassageIdeasstillvaryintheidentityofPluto.Onlyscientistscouldwatch（heflybylive.Marsisthefirstplanetvisitedbyaspaceship.NewHorizonsmissionaimedtoobsenethesolarsystem.解析选A细节理解题依据最终一段中的“TheInternationalAstronomicalUnionregardedPlutoas4adwarfplanetin2006inadecisionthatremainscontroversial（有争3义的）todayw可知，A项正确应选AGlenFountainmayprobablyagreethat.itisthemostdifficulttolandonPlutointhesolarsystemNewHorizonsmissionisalongandtroublesomeprojecttheirstrongdeterminationleadstothesuccessfulflybypeoplearelikelytofindnewways（olitintospace解析选D推理推断题依据第三段中的“Itisthefirstpletionoftheobservationsofoursolarsystem.Itsgivingusanewideaabouthowwehumanbeingsfitintotheuniverse”可知，新视野号探测器从冥王星四周飞过，这是第一次完成对太阳系的探测考察，它给了我们一个关于人类应如何融入宇宙的新想法由此可推知，人们可能会查找新的方法以融入宇宙应选DoWhichisthebesttitleforthepassageANewHorizonsProbeNASAsHugeProjectPlutoaControversialPlanetACloseApproachtoPluto解析选D标题归纳题NASA新视野号探测器飞掠冥王星，这是历史上第一次近距离地观看冥王星，是人类历史上的突破故“近距离地接触冥王星”作标题最正确应选DBGiantkitescouldsupplygreenenergywithouttheneedfortaxpayer-fundedsubsidies津贴withinyears.KitePowerSolutionsexpectstoopentheU.K.sfirstkitepowerplantinMarch2017inScotland.Ithopestorolloutthetechnologyonshoreandatseabuildingsystemswiththecapacityoproduce“hundredsofmegawatts“ofpowerwithinthedecade.Thepanybelievesthetechnologycouldreducethecostofwindenergy.Anditpredictedthatkitepowerwouldcostsolittlethatdevelopingcountrieswouldbemorelikelytouseittofreethemselvesoffpollutingcarbon-heavyenergysources.AspokesmanAinsworthforKitePowerSolutionssaidthetechnologycoulddecreasethecostofoffshorewindenergymeetingtheneedforgovernmentseffortstoreducecarbonemissions.Hesaidthetechnologywaseasytofixandmaintainmeaningitcouldbeusedindeepwateronfloatingstructuresfarfromshore.Ifwedothatitopensupaglobaldeepwateroffshorewindmarket“hesaid.ThetechnologycouldcontrolrisingCOemissionsinthedevelopingworldwheretheneedtosavemoneyforcespeopletoresorttopollutingtechnologiessuchasdiesel.ThepanyhastestedthetechnologyonasmallscaleinEssexandwillmoveitsheadquarterstoGlasgowtopreparefornextyearslaunch.Ithaswonplanningpermissionfora500KWdemonstrationsystem.TheU.K.sgreenenergytradebodyRenewableU.K.weledthetechnologybutwarneditwasnotasilverbullet.ThedeputychiefexecutiveMafSmithsaid“Thisisanambitiousprojecttodevelopwindpoweratextraordinaryheightsanditshowsthelevelofnewideaswithintherenewableindustry.Kitepowerisatanearlystageofdevelopmentanditwilltaketimetoseehowthetechnologyprogresses.Anywaywewillneedawiderangeofenergysourcesinthefuturetomeetourneedsinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.”语篇解读本文主要介绍了风筝发电这项新技术的优势，即本钱低、易于安装和维护等，但有人提出相反观点所以依靠风筝发电技术解决我们的能源需求问题仍有很长的路要走WhatishemostimportantadvantageofkitepowerA.Itslowcosts.B.Itshighqualities.C.Itsgreatusefulness.D.Itswideusingareas.解析选A细节理解题依据文章第一段最终两句Thepanybelievesthetechnologycouldreducethecostofwindenergy.Anditpredictedthatkitepowerwouldcostsolittle【hai...”可知，风筝发电最重要的优点是本钱低应选A项IntheeyesofAinsworthhispanystechnology.willsolvetheproblemofairpollutioncanbeconvenientandpowerfultousewillchangehowpeopleexploreheoceancandealwiththeshortageofwalerworldwide解析选B推理推断题依据文章其次段中的“Hesaidthetechnologywaseasytofixandmaintainmeaningitcouldbeusedindeepwateronfloatingstructuresfarfromshore.Ifwedothatitopensupaglobaldeepwateroffshorewindmarkethesaid.”可知，这项才支术易于安装和维护，假如真的那么做，这会开拓出一个新市场由此可知，安斯沃思认为这项技术便于使用且效能很高应选B项Theunderlinedphrase“asilverbulletprobablymeansthatusingthistechnologytomeetourneedsisnot.A.scientificB.plicatedC.simpleD.traditional解析选C词义猜想题依据文章最终一段中的“wclcdthetechnology可知，英国可再生能源协会表示欢送这项新技术，but表转折，再结合该组织的副首席执行官玛夫・史密斯所说的话“Kitepowerisatanearlystageofdevelopmentanditwilllaketimetoseehowihetechnologyprogresses.//可知，风筝发电尚处于早期，看到这项技术如何进展还需很长一段时间由此可推想，wasnotasilverbuHel在此表示要想运用这项技术解决我们对能源的需求问题并不是一件简洁的事情应选C项WhatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetextToargueforcleanerenergies.Toinformanewwaytogetenergy.Toadvertiseagreatenergypany.Toparedifferentenergyresources.解析选B写作目的题本文主要介绍了风筝发电技术的优势、开展及前景等，其目的主要是向读者介绍一种猎取能源的新方式应选B项C240BC:GreekastronomergeographermathematicianandlibrarianEratosthenesworkedouttheEarthscircumferencethedistancearoundit.Hisdatawasroughbuthewasntfaroff.Eratostheneswasanall-aroundman.SomepeoplethencalledhimPentathalosachampionofmanyskills.HisrichknowledgemadehimanaturalforthepostoflibrarianofthelibraryofAlexandriaEgyptthegreatestrepositoryofclassicalknowledge.EratosthenesknewthatatnoononthedayofthesummersolsticethesunwasobservedtobedirectlyoverheadatSycncmodern-dayAswan:Youcouldseeitfromthebottomofadeepwellandasundial日§leftnoshadow.YettothenorthatAlexandriaasundialleftashadowevenatthesolsticemiddaybecausethesunwasnotdirectlyoverheadthere.ThereforetheEarthmustberound—alreadyfirmlybelievedbytheastronomersofhisday.Whatsmoreifonesupposedhesuntobefarawayenoughobesendingparallel平行的raysatSyeneandAlexandriaitwouldhepossibletofigureouttheEarthscircumference.Ofcoursehismeasurementswereslightlyoff.AndwedontknowtodaytheexactsizeofthemeasurementunitEratostheneswasusingwhenhecameupwiththefinalfigureof252000stades.Sohowbigis252000stadesItssomewherebetween24663and27967miles.Theacceptedfigureforcircumferencetodayis24902miles.Prettygoodforaguywithoutmodernmeasurementtools.Eratostheneswentfurtherandworkedouttheextensionofheyearas365%days.HesuggestedthatcalendarsshouldhavealeapdayeveryfourthyearanideatakenuptwocenturieslaterbyJuliusCaesar.ItwasknownlongbeforeColumbusthattheEarthwasroundandevenhowbigitis.Butitwasjustnotwidelyknownamongthemassesin15th-centuryEurope.OnereasonisthatEratosthenesownlibraryofAlexandriahadbeendestroyedandtherewasnopletebackupofitsdata.语篇解读公元前240年，希腊天文学家、地理学家、数学家以及图书管理员埃拉托色尼测出了地球的周长虽然他的数据只是近似，但也没差多少但他的成就并不为大多数人所知其中一个缘由是他所工作的图书馆被推毁，而他的计算数据也没有备份WhydidsomepeoplecallhimPcntathalosBecausehewasanastronomerandmathematician.BecauseheworkedouttheEarthscircumference.Becausehewasanexpertinmanyskills.Becausehehadrichknowledgeasalibrarian.解析选C细节理解题依据其次段可知，埃拉托色尼是个全面开展的人，当时一些人称他为“Pentathalos意思是“在许多技能上都是第一的人解答此题的关键是对Pentalhalos后的同位语“achampionofmanyskills”的正确理解故答案为CWherecouldhesunbeseenfromthebottomofadeepwellatnoonAtSyene.AtAlexandria.TothenorthofAswan.TohenorthofAlexandria.解析选A细节理解题依据第三段可知，他知道在夏至的中午，西奈城现在的阿斯旺的太阳处在正上方也就是说你可以从一口深井的底部看到太阳，日外也不会有影子故答案为AoFromthefourthparagraphwecanleam.hismeasurementsoftheEarthscircumferencewereveryexactstadesarcthemeasurementunitthatEratostheneswasusinghisfigurefortheEarthscircumferencewas24902milesheusedsomemodernmeasurementtoolsodrawaconclusion解析选B推理推断题依据第四段可知，我们现在也不知道他当时用的是什么计量单位，只知道他最终得出的数字是“252000stades”由此可推断出“stades”是他当时使用的计量单位共他选项与第四段内容不相符故答案为BWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEEratostheneswasthemostfamousGreekastronomerinEgypt.EratosthenesandJuliusCaesarlivedatthesameage.ColumbusknewtheEarthwasroundlongbeforeEratosthenes.ItsapitythatEratosthenesconclusionwasnotwidelyknownthen.解析选D推断正误题依据最终一段可知，埃拉托色尼早在哥伦布之前就知道了地球是圆的但在15世纪的欧洲，他的成就并不为大多数人所知其中一个缘由是他所工作的图书馆被摧毁，而他的计算数据也没有备份由此可推断出答案为D［德攵对锌1Space:theFinalFrontierEversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfootontheMoonbackon21stJuly1969peoplehavebeeaccustomedtotheideaofspacetravel.Millionsofpeoplewatchedthatfirstmoonlandingontelevisiontheirheartsintheirmouthsawareofhowdifficultanddangerousanadventureitwasandwhatriskshadtobetaken.WithArmstrongsnowfamouswords:Thatsonesmallstepfbrman.onegiantleapformankindadreamwasachieved.AllthreeastronautsmadeitsafelybacktoEarthusingaspaceshipputerthatwasmuchlesspowerfulthantheonesusedbyheaverageschoolstudentstoday.Therewereseveralmorejourneysintospaceoverthenextfewyearsbutthesinglespaceshipswereveryexpensiveasheycouldnottakeoffmorethanonce.PeoplewerenolongersoenthusiasticaboutaspacetravelprogrammethatwascostingtheUnitedStates$10millionaday.Thatwasuntilthearrivalofthespaceshuttle—aspacecraftthatcouldbeusedforseveraljourneys.ThefirstshuttleflightintospacewasheColumbia—launchedfromtheKennedySpaceCentreon12thApril
1981.TheaimofthisflightwastotestthenewshuttlesystemtogosafelyupintoorbitandtoreturntotheEarthforasafelanding.ItwasasuccessandalittlemorethanadecadeafterApollo\ishistoricvoyagetheColumbiamadeasafecontrolledaeroplane-stylelandinginCalifornia.Thiswasthestartofanewageofspacetravel.BythetimetheChallengertookoffin1986theworldseemedtohavelostitsfearandwonderattheamazingachievementofpeoplegoingupintospace.Butthiswasgoingtobeaspecialflightandsomillionsofpeopletunedintowitnessthetake-offonTV.AnordinaryteacherChristaMcAuliffe37whowasmarriedwithtwochildrenwastobethefirstcivilianinspace.Shewasgoingtogivetwofifteen-minutelessonsfromspace.Thefirstwastoshowthecontrolsofhespacecraftandexplainhowgravityworked.ThesecondwastodescribeheaimsofheChallengerspaceprogramme.Christahopedtomunicateasenseofexcitementandcreatenewinterestinthespaceprogramme.SadlyshenevercamebackioherclassroomagainastheshuttleexplodedjusloveraminuteaftertakingoffinFloridaandallsevenastronautswerekilled.Theworldwasinshock—maybetheyassumedthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthangellingonanaeroplane.Buthowwrongtheywere—inonemomentexcitementandsuccessturnedintofearanddisaster.Itwastheworstspaceaccidentever.AsoneRussiansaidatthetime“WhensomethinglikethishappensweareneitherRussiansnorAmericans.Wearejusthumanbeingswhohavethesamefeelings.Icanrememberthatdaysoclearlywatchingthetake-offonTVatschool.TherewasanordinaryteacherontheChallengerandwewereallveryexcited.Wedidnthavemuchpatiencewaitingforthelaunch.Wehadseenthesmilingfacesoftheastronautswavingtotheworldastheysteppedintotheshuttle.Thenlittlemorethanaminuteaftertake-offwesawastrangeredandorangelightintheskyfollowedbyacloudofwhitesmoke.TheChallengerhadexplodedinmid-airandwcallstartedscreaming.Ithappenedsoquicklyandeveryonewasinastateofshock.LikeeveryschoolboyIhadthoughthatgoingintospaceasanastronautmustbehebestjobintheworld.WhenIheardafewweekslaterthatthebodiesoftheastronautsandeventheteacherslessonplanshadbeenfoundatthebottomoftheoceanIwasnotsosureitwasworthitatall.Inspiteofallouradvancedtechnologytheworldisstillonlyatheverybeginningofitsvoyageintospace.太空最终的厌定发领藤第一局部自从尼尔・阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经特别熟识数以百万计的人们从电视上观看了首次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿，由于他们特别清晰这次是多么困难、多么危急，以及要冒多么大的风险伴随着阿姆斯特朗这句如今已经特别出名的话“那是个人的一小步，但却是整个人类的一大步”，一个幻想最终实现了三位宇航员平安地返回了地球，他们当年使用的宇宙飞船计算机远不及现在一般同学使用的计算机功能强大在接下来的几年里，又有几艘宇宙飞船进入太空，但是单程宇宙飞船特别昂贵，由于它们只能被使用一次人们对每天要花掉I00万美元的太空旅行方案不再那么热裒了这种状况始终持续到航天飞机的消失——那是一种可以被用来进行屡次旅行的航天器第一架到达太空的航天飞机是“哥伦比亚”号——于1981年4月12日放射于肯尼迪航天中心这次航行的目的是测试这种新的飞行器，看其是否能够平安进入凯道、返回地球并且平安着陆距离“阿波罗11号”历史性的航行仅仅十年多的时间，这次航行取得了胜利，“哥伦比亚”号在掌握下以飞机着陆的方式平安地返回了加利福尼亚这次飞行开拓了太空旅行的新纪o到1986年“挑战者”号起飞之前，人们好像已经沉醉于人类走进太空这一巨大的成就而遗忘了恐惊，也失去了奇怪心但这次却将是一次特别的飞行，数百万人翻开电视来亲眼目睹这次起飞一位37岁的一般老师克里斯塔・麦奥里菲将要成为第一位进入太空的一般公民，她已经结婚并有两个孩子她将在太空中上两节15分钟的课第一节课将展现怎么操纵航天器并且解释重力如何起作用其次节课将描述“挑战者”号太空方案的目的克里斯塔盼望能激起人们的兴奋感并且重新唤起人们对于太空方案的爱好可悲的是，她再也没有回到她的课堂，航天飞机在佛罗里达起飞一分多钟后就爆炸了，7名宇航员全部遇难全世界都震动了——或许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危急但是他们都大错特错了———刹那间，兴奋和胜利就变成了恐惊和灾难这是有史以来最为严峻的太空事故正如当时一位苏联人所说“当这样的事情发生的时候，我们不再有人或者苏联人之分我们都只是有相同感觉的人类”其次局部我清晰地记得那天在学校通过电视观看“挑战者”号起飞的情景有位普通的老师在“挑战者〃号上，我们都很兴奋我们迫不及待地等着它起飞当宇航员进入航天飞机的时候，我们观察他们满脸笑容地向人们挥手致意然后，就在起飞一分多钟后，我们看到了空中一道惊奇的橘红色的光，接着就是一团白烟挑战者”号在半空爆炸了，我们都开头尖叫起来事情发生得太突然了，人们都惊呆了和其他男生一样，我本以为当一名宇航员进入太空是世界上最好的工作几个星期后，当我听说那几位宇航员的遗体甚至那位老师的教案在大洋底部被找到的时候，我不再那么确定这一切是否值得即使我们把握了现在的全部先进技术，这个世界依旧只是处于太空旅行的起步阶段accustomedwitnessdependassumesetfooloninspiteof单国知识抢先知patienceadvancedseioutalthevwyliegiiuiingofLthe+序数诃+名词+动词不兔式（作定语）burstviewdependonaccusesb.of.独立主格结构.no+比较级Thanacknowledgeaccuseprayforbesimilarto
4.little置于句首引起的部分倒装品习名词性从句reliefconsultsetinmotionslowdown
5.as引杼的让步状语从句新闻报道
1.leapA.宇宙探测器，航天探测器
2.jointB.航天飞机
3.probeC.收看（电视）收听（播送）
4.accustomedD.假定，假设
5.shuttleE.高级的，先进的
6.historicF.爆炸
7.tuncG.急躁
8.witnessH.目击，亲眼观察；亲身经受
9.assumeI.共同的；联合的
10.patienceJ.历史性的，有重大历史意义的
11.advancedK.习惯的
12.burstL.飞跃，跳动。
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