高考英语一轮复习12创新与创业意识课时提能练含解析

课时提能练

（十二）I.阅读理解A（山东省临沂市2020届高三一模考试）Wespendathirdofouradultlifeworkingandanotherbigpartpreparingforourcareers.Historicallyworkwasrarelyseenasasourceofmeaningandpurpose.Duringthevastmajorityofour300000-yearhumanevolution（进化），workwasinfactprettysimple.Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.Meaningandpurposecamefromsomewhereelselikecultureartorscience.Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful一isarathermodernorratherpostmoderninvention.Onlyonehundredyearsagoitwouldhavebeenfrequenttoseeworkerswhoreturnedfromatypicalworkdayatfactoriescomplaintotheirfolksthattheydidn，tearnmuchortheywerewornoutbutraretoseetheycomplaintheydidn，texperienceasenseofpurpose.Similarlytheideathatweoughttobringourwholeselfvtoworkisaprettynovelandrecentformofcareeradvice.ItsoriginscanbetracedtoWilliamKahnwhoinventedtheconceptofemployeeengagement30yearsago.Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkroles.Someseeworkasmerelyajobandclockinandouteverydaywithoutbringingtheirwholeselftowork.WorkisjustnotacoreaspectoftheiridentitiesandtheirconceptofthemselvesisbuiltonothersocialcategorieslikemotherhusbandAmericancaptainofthelocalsoccerteametc.Othershoweverhaveaveryclosepsychologicalconnectionwiththeirworkrolesseeingthemasanessentialthingintertwined（紧密相连的）withwhotheyare.Theydon，tjustcometowork.Theyarefullydevotedtotheircareersandhaveaspiritualtypeofconnectionwiththeirjobs.Theyareitseemsalmostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics（工作狂）mostcompanieslongfor.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文人的一生中，成年后大约有三分之一的时间都在工作，人们还用很多时间为职业做准备然而从历史上来看，工作很少被看作人生意义和目标的来源工作的意义以及全身心投入工作这些概念直到现代才出现WhydidwespendmuchofouradultlifeworkingduringtheprocessofevolutionToprepareforfuturecareers.Tofindthewatersources.Tohelpusevolve.Tomakeussurvive.andismoresecure.（要点2）Themultiangledimageslessenthepossibilityofcheatingandthesystemiswidelyemployedinmanyareaslikesmartphonesandcomputers.（要点3）Howevertoprotectprivacyandrespecthumanrightsfacialimagesmustbecollectedwithpermissionandwe11protected.（要点4）D［细节理解题根据第一段倒数第二句Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.可知，人类在进化过程中花大量时间劳动是为了获取食物，并且避免成为别人的食物，即为了生存，故选D项］WhydidthewritermentiontheworkersacenturyagoTohelpusfindmeaningatwork.Toprovethattheideawasmodern.Toshowusthebadolddays.Tocomplainabouttheexperiences.B［推理判断题根据第二段第一■句Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful一isarathermodernorratherpostmoderninvention.”可知，在工作中寻求意义这种概念直到现代才有，紧跟着提到一百年前的工人的例子正是为了说明这一点，故选B项］WhichofthefollowingmightWilliamKahnagreewithEmployeeshavedifferentunderstandingoftheirworkroles.Everyemployeemustbringtheirwholeselftowork.Tobedevotedtoworkisaprettynovelidea.Workerscoreidentityisbuiltonartcategories.A［推理判断题根据第三段第三句Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkroles.可知他认为员工们对于自己工作角色的认同程度是因人而异的，故选A项］WhatkindofemployeesdomostcompaniesfavorThosewhoseeworkasajob.Thosewhoidentifywiththeirworkroles.Thosewhoarefullydevotedtotheirwork.Thosewhopossessexperience.C［细节理解题根据文章最后一句Theyareitseemsalmostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics（工作狂）mostcompanieslongfor.”可知，大多数公司期望工作狂类型的员工，故选C项］B（河北省唐山市2019—2020学年度高三年级摸底考试）Wehaveheardsomeinterestingnewsabouthow5Gwirelesstechnologymightchangeourlivesinthefuture.5G一shortforthe5thGenerationCellularNetworkTechnologypromisestheInternetspeeds50to100timesfasterthancurrent4Gsystems.While5GissettobeusedinsomelimitedareasofAmericathisyearmuchoftheworldisnotexpectedtoreceivewidelyavailableserviceuntil

2023.OneprojectinBritainhoweverisalreadytestingthissuperfasttechnologyonanunlikelygroupoftheInternetusers一cows.TheprojectwasdevelopedbyCiscoSystemsanAmericantechnologycompany.JtalsoreceivesmoneyfromtheBritishgovernment.Ciscosaystheprogramseekstoexplorethefutureof5Gconnectivityinruralareasaroundtheworld.TestingareasweresetuponfarmsinthreeruralareasinEngland.Thecowsareequippedwith5G-connecteddevicesthatlinkuptoaroboticmilkingsystemwhichusessensorsandmachinelearningtofullyautomatetheprocess.Systemdesignerssaytechnologytakesoverafteracowfeelsreadytobemilkedandwalkstowardanautomaticgate.Thedeviceisdesignedtorecognizeeachindividualcow.Itthenpositionsequipmenttotherightbodypositionformilking.Duringtheprocessmachinesreleasefoodforthecowasareward.Other5Gtechnologytoolsincludeautomatedbrushesthatstartwhenthecowrubsagainstthem.Sensorsalsocontroltheamountoflightinthecows，livingareasdependingontheweather.Andanautomaticfeedingsystemmakessuretheanimalsalwaysgetenoughfoodtoeat.DuncanForbesheadoftheprojecttoldReutersthattheprojectshowsthefarmscowoperationcanbegreatlyimprovedwith5Gtechnologyandthattheexperimentprovidesstrongevidencethat5GtechnologycanbewidelyusedinthefuturenotjustonfarmsinBritainbutinruralcommunitiesacrosstheworld.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了5G技术的特点及其在英国部分农场中的测试使用WhatisthepurposeofCiscoSystemsprogramTowinfinancialsupportfromBritishgovernment.Totesttheeffectsof5Gtechnologyonanimals.TopromoteitstechnologicaldevelopmentinBritain.Toexpandthefutureuseof5Ginruralcommunities.D［细节理解题根据第三段最后一句Ciscosaystheprogramseekstoexplorethefutureof5Gconnectivityinruralareasaroundtheworld.v可知，该项目设法探索全世界农村地区5G连接的未来故选D项］Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ItinParagraph3refertoA.Theproject.B.Thecompany.C.Thetechnology.D.Thegroup.A［词义猜测题根据上文“OneprojectinBritain...TheprojectwasdevelopedbyCiscoSystemsanAmericantechnologycompany.”及画线词所在句可知，这个项目由一家美国科技公司研发，在英国进行实验，所以英国政府投资的应该是这个项目，而不是这家公司故选A项］Whatcanwelearnabout5GaccordingtothetextItisnobetterthan4Gintermsofspeed.Itisalreadywidelyavailableintheworld.Itenablescowstocontroltheirownmilking.Itisbasedonsensorsandmachinelearning.C［推理判断题根据第四段中的“Systemdesignerssaytechnologytakesoverafteracowfeelsreadytobemilkedandwalkstowardanautomaticgate.Thedeviceisdesignedtorecognizeeachindividualcow.Itthenpositionsequipmenttotherightbodypositionformilking.n可知，5G技术使奶牛可以自己控制挤奶故选C项］InwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappearA.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Education.D.Technology.D［推理判断题通读全文可知，本文介绍了5G技术的特点及其在英国部分农场中的测试使用由此可知，本文应出自报纸的科技版块］II.完形填空IwokeupwithoutmuchenthusiasmrolledoutofbedandsattherenotwantingtobelieveIhadtogotoworkagain.Thismustjustbeabaddreamthatneverseemedto1Ipickedmyselfupintoastandingposition2slowlybacktowardmycomfortableandwarmbedandhadtousetheverylastounceofstrengthnottoheadbackintoitshug.Whata3itwastogetdressedandheadoutofthedoor!OffIwentto4arrivingjustintime.Then5mybosssaidtherewasan6jobtodorightnow.I7thatanybodycoulddothisjobandthatsomebodyelsewouldhavetodoitifIwaitedlongenough.Butnobodyelse8uptothejobandthisleftmewithasinkingfeeling.Thatsthesameproblemwithyour9Manypeopleuseuptheirlifetimetryingto10somebodyelsetodoallthehardworktoimprovetheirownlife.Thereisactuallyalotofdiscomfortwithtakingchargeofyourveryownlifewhileitismuch11toletothersdoit.Therealproblemhoweveristhatittakesalotof12tofindsomebodywhowilldoanythingforyou.Yourlifewon，tchange13youarewillingtograbholdofyourlifeandacceptthatnobodyelsewillevercreatethelifeyouwant.Sostop14anybodytodosomethingforyou.15getyourownbodygoingandgetitdonenow.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者是一个不喜欢工作的人，总是期待有人会替自己把工作做好；后来，作者悟出一个道理属于自己的工作，不应该期待别人替你做，唯有你自己才能创造自己的幸福A.beginB.endC.makeD.shareB［语境推断根据上文对作者醒来时心情和动作的描述，以及空前的“abaddream”并结合选项可推知，此处指这种爬起来上班的情形就像是一个永无止境的噩梦end意为“结束；到头”，符合语境］A.glaredB.talkedC.glancedD.walkedC［语境及常识推断根据空后的“backtowardmycomfortableandwarmbed”和常识可知，此处表示，作者站起身来，慢慢地回头看了一眼自己舒适而温暖的床glance意为“看一眼；瞥一眼”，符合语境］A.struggleB.surpriseC.shockD.messA［语境推断根据上文的描述可知，起床出去上班对作者来说是一件痛苦的事情，故此处应指穿上衣服走出门是一件多么困难的事啊！struggle意为“难事”，符合语境］A.schoolB.workC.bedD.hospitalB［复现推断根据上文中的“Ihadtogotoworkagain”可知，此处指作者去上班故work符合语境］A.asaresultB.ineithercaseC.whatwasworseD.intheendC［语境及逻辑推断根据上文可知，作者刚好及时到达工作地点；结合空后一句可知老板告诉他有一份必须立即就做的紧急工作由此可知，设空处与上文应为递进关系，结合选项可知，whatwasworse符合语境意为“更糟糕的是］A.goodB.firstC.specialD.urgentD［语境推断根据空后的“todorightnow可知，此处指老板说有一份紧急工作，必须立刻去做urgent意为“紧急的，符合语境］B.explainedA［语境推断根据空后的“somebodyelsewouldhavetodoitifIwaitedlongenough可知，作者认为如果自己等得足够久，总会有其他人来做这份工作故此处应指作者知道任何人都可以做这份工作know意为“知道；了解，符合语境］A.livedB.stayedC.lookedD.steppedD［语境推断根据空后的“thisleftmewithasinkingfeeling可知此处应指情况与作者想象的不同，根本没有人走出来做这份工作stepup意为“走上前去”，故stepped符合语境］A.lifeB.jobC.goalD.beliefA［复现推断根据下文中的“toimprovetheirownlife和yourveryownlifew可知，此处应指生活亦是如此，故life符合语境］A.refuseB.trustC.searchD.findD［语境推断根据上文描述的作者等待其他人来做这份工作时的心理可推知，此处应指很多人用一生的时间去寻找其他人来做所有辛苦的工作，以改善他们自己的生活故find符合语境］A.harderB.longerC.earlierD.easierD［语境及逻辑推断根据空前的“alotofdiscomfort和while”的转折含义可知，此处指让别人为自己做这些事会简单很多，故easier符合语境］A.effortsB.spiritsC.advantagesD.actionsA［语境及常识推断根据选项及常识可知，此处指然而，真正的问题是，要想找到会为你做一切事情的人，要付出很多努力effort意为“努力”，符合语境］A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.whileB［逻辑及常识推断根据上下文内容并结合常识可知，此处应指除非你愿意掌控自己的生活，否则你的生活不会改变unless意为“除非”，符合语境］A.staringatB.lookingforC.attendingtoD.caringaboutB［语境及复现推断根据上文中的“tofindsomebodywhowilldoanythingforyou”可知，此处应指，别再找别人为你做什么lookfor意为“寻找，为find的同义词复现符合语境］A.HoweverC.InsteadD.OtherwiseC［语境推断根据设空处前一句中的stop和选项可推知，此处表示，相反，让自己的身体动起来，去做你该做的事instead意为“相反”，符合语境］in.语法填空2020年山东省六地市部分学校高三年级联考FionaKolbingera24-year-oldGermancyclistwithlittleexperiencein

1.competecyclingtooktheworldbysurprisewhenshebecamethefirstfemaletowintheTranscontinentalRaceonAugust

62019.Shecompleted

2.totalof2485milesfromBulgariatoFrancein10days2hoursand48minutes.ThisyearsracestartedonJuly27th

2019.Intheracethecompetitorshadtodecidefor

3.theywherewhenandhowmuchtheyateandslept.Theyalsohadtorideintemperatures

4.rangedfrom4℃to37℃andendurefreezingrainthunderstormsandheatwaves.TheTranscontinentalRace

5.foundin2013bytheBritishcyclistMikeHall.Therace

6.thinktobeoneofthehardestofitskindchallengesnotonlyracers，cyclingskillsandendurance而寸力，butalsotheirrouteplanningandtimemanagementskills.Alsodifferent

7.othercyclingcompetitionswheretheroutesare

8.carefullaidouttheTranscontinentalRacerequirescompetitorstoplantheirowncourse.Theonly

9.requireistocheckinatfourstopslocatedatvariouspointsalongtheway.

10.makesureallcompetitorsundergosomeofthesamechallengeseachcheckpointisfollowedbydemandingterrain地形.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文2019年theTranscontinentalRace落下帷幕德国女选手FionaKolbinger以10天2小时48分的成绩夺冠，成为这个比赛的第一位女性冠军competitive［考查词性转换此处应用形容词作定语］a［考查冠词此处表示总路程，应该用atotalof共计……”，故填a］themselves［考查代词主语是thecompetitors此处表示选手必须自己做决定，因此应该用they的反身代词形式themselveso］that/which［考查定语从句分析句子结构可知，先行词temperatures后跟一个限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，表示物，故用that/which］wasfounded［考查动词的时态和语态TranscontinentalRace和found之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态根据时间状语in2013可知，此处应用一般过去时］thought［考查非谓语动词过去分词在此表被动，作定语，修饰Therace］from［考查介词根据句意，这个自行车赛的选手要自己规划行车路线，这与其他严格规定路线的自行车赛不一样故填介词from］carefully［考查词性转换此处修饰动词，应用副词形式］requirement［考查名词根据前面的Theonly和后面的is可知，空处要填名词根据语境可知，此处表示“要求”，故用requirement］Tomake［考查非谓语动词此处表示“为保证所有的选手都经历一些同样的挑战”，故用不定式作目的状语］W.应用文写作（湖北省2020年高三4月调研）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Richard来信询问你大学想选择学什么专业，请给他回信，内容包括.你想学的专业；.你想学这个专业的原因；.你为实现自己的目标做了哪些努力注意

1.词数80左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯DearRichardYoursLiHua【参考范文】DearRichardAcoupleofdaysagoIgladlyreceivedyourletterinwhichyouaskedmewhichmajorIwouldliketoselect.ActuallyIhavebeenconsideringthisissuerecently.IwilldecideonEnglishasmymajor.AsyouknowImalwaysinterestedinforeignlanguages.WhatsmoreIconstantlydreamaboutbecominganEnglishteacher.OnlyinthiswaycouldIteachmyfuturestudentshowtomasterthislanguage.HopefullyIcouldprovidethemwithausefulwindowontheworld.TorealizemydreamIlearnEnglishprettyhardbecauseIthinkonlyifImyselfhaveagoodcommandofEnglishwillIbeanoutstandingteacher.Ibelieveeveryeffortwillpayoff.Wishmeluck.YoursLiHuaV.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要Somepeopledoubttheaccuracyandreliabilityofthefacialrecognitiontechnology.Theyneednotbecausethetechnologyishighlyadvanced.Itcandistinguishahumanfacewithorwithoutglasses.Testsshowithasaprecisionrateofmorethan99percent.Somearguethatthefingerprintoriris（虹膜）recognitionsystemisperhapsmoreaccuratethanthefacialrecognitionsystem.Truebutforirisrecognitionapersonhastoholdhisorherheadstillandlookatthecamerawhichistime-consumingandthusnotsuitableforpublicspacessuchassubwaystations.Andthefingerprintrecognitionsystemisnotsosecureassomepeoplecancheatthesystembycopyingandusingthefingerprintsofotherpeopletoenterorexitastation.Facialrecognitionisarathermaturesystem.Afacialrecognitionsystemcollectspeoplesfacialimagesfromdifferentanglesinsteadofoneandthereforeminimizesthechanceofcheating.Actuallyitisalreadybeingappliedtomanyfieldssuchasunlockingsmartphonesandcomputers.Besidesfacialrecognitiontechnologycanalsohelpthepolicetohuntescapedcriminalsinpublicspaces.Howeverthelawsaysacitizensphotoshouldnotbecollectedforcommercialusewithouthisorherpermission.Toavoidsuchlegalriskssomemeasuresshouldbetakenbeforethecollectionofpassengerinformation.Firstcompaniesmustinsurethecollectedfacialimagesareonlyforpublicconvenienceandwillneverbeusedforothercommercialpurposessuchasadvertisements.Secondcompaniesmusttakenecessarymeasurestomakesurenotevenasingleoneisleakedorsoldtoanythirdpartywithoutthepassengerspermission.Generallyadvancedtechnologiesarewelcometobeusedinpublicspacesbutpeople，srightsmustberespectedatleasttoavoidlegalrisks.【参考范文】Facialrecognitiontechnologyishighlyreliableandaccurate.（要点1）Comparedwiththefingerprintoririsrecognitionsystemitiswellsuitedforpublicspaces。