选修六精品讲义UNIT2POEMSIF条件句中的虚拟语气（二）

di课帧定位【研读课标，科学备考】.通过本课的学习，能够全面把握if虚拟条件句的几种较简单和特别的状况.通过本课的学习，能够精确运用错综时间虚拟条件句、虚拟倒装句和含蓄虚拟语气等重点把握错综时间的虚拟语气以及虚拟倒装句的详细规那么难点能够在解题过程中娴熟识别和运用含蓄虚拟条件句近几年高考对于虚拟语气的考查主要集中在语法填空和书面表达中，语法填空涉及动词提示词的填空中屡次消失对虚拟语气的考查，考查难度不大H5知识梳I甲【膻重点，名师点拨】

一、错综时间虚拟条件句:有些条件句中主句的谓语和从句的谓语表示的动作在时间上并不全都，这类句子称为错综时间条件句当虚拟条件状语从句与主句所虚拟的时间不全都〔如从句虚拟过去，而主句虚拟现在或将来）时，主句、从句中谓语动词的形式须依据各自所表示的时间，综合if虚拟条件句的三种根本类型进行调整CIfyoudlistenedtomeyouwouldntbeinsuchtroublenow.假设你听了我的话，你现在就不会有这样的麻烦了〔过去一现在）IfIwereyouIwouldnthavemissedthemovielastnight.假设我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那部电影〔现在一过去）Iftheyhadlefthomeearlytheywouldarriveinhalfanhour.要是他们早离开家的话，再过半个小时就该到了（过去一将来）IfMonicashouldarrivetodayshemusthavestartedthreedaysago.假设莫尼卡今日到达的话，那她肯定是在三天前就动身了〔将来一过去）Ifyouhadstudiedhardlastyearyouwouldbeacollegestudentnow.要是你去年努力学习的话，现在你就是个高校生了Ifithadrainedlastnightthegroundwouldbewetnow.假设昨天下雨了的话，地面现在就应当是湿的Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假设你听从了我的建议的话，你现在早就好多了ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifIinloveattheageofsevenwiththeMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall答案D思路分析考查错综时间虚拟条件句，主句局部虚拟现在，而依据attheageofseven可知从句为对过去的虚拟，须用过去完成时条件从句中的谓语局部有wereshould和hadH寸，if有时可以省略，将were、hadshould提到主语之前，构成虚拟倒装IfIwereinyourpositionIwoulddoitbetterfWereIinyourpositionIwoulddoitbetter.假设我身处在你的位置，我会做得更好IfyouhadarrivedearlieryouwouldhavecaughtthetrainfHadyouarrivedearlieryouwouldhavecaughtthetrain.要是你早些到的话，你就会赶上火车了IfIshouldmeethertomorrowIwouldtellherthetruthfShouldImeethertomorrowIwouldtellherthetruth.假设我明天能见到她的话，我会告知她真相的ShouldIhavetimeIwouldcallonher.我要是有时间就去看她firedyourhealthcareandotherbenefitswouldnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube答案:B思路分析虚拟条件句中含有were或hadshould时，if可以省略，将werehadshould提到主语前面，从句是与将来事实相反的假设，所以用should实际上“you〃也不会被解雇而主句说明的事实，所以用了would+动词原形有时虚拟条件状语从句可以用介词短语或连词来代替，常见的介词有with、withoutbutfor常见的连词有or、otherwise等切记，含蓄的虚拟语气只有主句Therewouldntbesuchmodernindustrywithoutelectricity=iftherewerentelectricity.倘假设没有电，就不会有现代工业Heisill.Otherwise=ifhewerentillhecoulde.他病了，否那么他会来WithyourhelpIcouldhavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.要是有了你的关心，我就能提前完成那些工作了Withoutairorwatertherewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.没有空气或者水，地球上就不会有生物了Butfbrtherainweshouldhavehadapleasantjourney.要是没有雨，我们的旅行会特别开心的Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhaveattendedthemeeting.那天我生病了，否那么我就参与那个会议了ShetelephonedtoremindmeofyourbirthdayorIwouldhaveforgottenit.她打来提示我你的生日，不然的话我就遗忘了theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor答案B思路分析考查含蓄虚拟语气，由句子的后半局部IwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday」可知用了虚拟语气形式，所以前面用butfor（要不是）引出相当于条件句的介词短语Inspiteof尽管；Becauseof由于；Asfor就斯即学即练【经典习题，夯实巩固】morecarefulhisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.HadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——IitbutIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattendedHadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelectionheourchairmannow.A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbeIfyouhadnttakensuchalongtimetogetdressedwetherenow.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.havebeenD.willbeHewasverybusyyesterdayotherwisehetothemeeting.A.wouldeB.cameC.wouldhaveeD.hade答案l.B

2.D

3.D

4.A

5.C思路分析.考查if条件的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，条件句省略了if把had提前.从上下文可知，说话人没有参与讲座，省略了从句“if【hadntbeenbusy主句与过去事实相反，因此选D.前句是省略了if的与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，而由now可知主句与现在事实相反所以用wouldbe.此句是混合虚拟条件句，前面是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，后面的结果句受now影响应当与现在事实相反，所以选A.从“Hewasverybusyyesterday”可知，谈论的是过去的事，otherwise相当于“假设昨天不忙的话〃，所以主句用wouldhavedone高中英语if条件句中的虚拟语气〔二〕。