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高考英语外刊阅读训练一一阅读理解:每天喝8杯水对大多数人来说可能太多了Arecommendationtodrinkeightglassesofwateradayislikelytobeexcessiveformostpeopleaccordingtoscientists.Thesuggestionhasbecomeacceptedwisdomandoftenappearsinhealthguidance.Thelatestworkhoweverthemostrigorousstudytodateonwaterturnoverrevealsthatpeoplehaveawiderangeofwaterintakes.Manypeopleonlyrequireabout
1.5to
1.8litresadayzlowerthanthetwolitrestypicallyrecommendedtheresearchsuggests.ThestudypublishedinthejournalScienceassessedthewaterintakeof5z604peopleagedbetweeneightdaysand96yearsoldfrom23countries.Theresearchinvolvedpeopledrinkingaglassofwaterinwhichsomeofthehydrogenatomswerereplacedbydeuteriumastableisotopeofhydrogenthatisfoundnaturallyinthehumanbodyandisharmless.Therateofeliminationoftheextradeuteriumrevealshowquicklywaterinthebodyisturnedoverandthestudyfoundthemeasurevariedwidelydependingonapersonsagegenderactivitylevelsandsurrounding.Thoselivinginhotandhumidclimatesandathighaltitudesaswellas例句Balanceddiethasbecomeacceptedwisdomandoftenappearsinhealthguidance.全文对照翻译Arecommendationtodrinkeightglassesofwateradayislikelytobeexcessiveformostpeopleaccordingtoscientists.Thesuggestionhasbecomeacceptedwisdomandoftenappearsinhealthguidance.Thelatestworkhoweverthemostrigorousstudytodateonwaterturnoverrevealsthatpeoplehaveawiderangeofwaterintakes.Manypeopleonlyrequireabout
1.5to
1.8litresadaylowerthanthetwolitrestypicallyrecommendedtheresearchsuggests.根据科学家的说法，每天喝八杯水的建议对于大多数人来说可能是过量的每天八杯水的建议已经成为公认的常识，并经常出现在健康指南中然而，一项迄今为止最严格的关于水周转量的最新研究，揭示了人们水摄入量的范围其实很广研究表明，很多人每天只需要大约
1.5到
1.8升水，低于往常建议的2升ThestudypublishedinthejournalScienceassessedthewaterintakeof5604peopleagedbetweeneightdaysand96yearsoldfrom23countries.Theresearchinvolvedpeopledrinkingaglassofwaterinwhichsomeofthehydrogenatomswerereplacedbydeuteriumastableisotopeofhydrogenthatisfoundnaturallyinthehumanbodyandisharmless.这项发表在《科学》杂志上的研究，对出生8天到96岁不等的来自23个国家共计5604名人员的饮水情况进行了评估参与这项研究的人喝的水中，一些氢原子被完原子替代，气是氢的一种稳定同位素在人体中天然存在，且对人体无害Therateofeliminationoftheextradeuteriumrevealshowquicklywaterinthebodyisturnedoverandthestudyfoundthemeasurevariedwidelydependingonapersonsagezgenderactivitylevelsandsurrounding.Thoselivinginhotandhumidclimatesandathighaltitudesaswellasathletesandpregnantandbreastfeedingwomenhadhigherturnovermeaningtheyneedtodrinkmorewater.额外气化物的消除速率揭示了身体内水分周转的快慢，该研究发现这种测量因个人的年龄、性别、活动水平和周围环境而有所不同生活在炎热潮湿气候和高海拔地区的人，以及运动员、孕妇和哺乳期妇女的水周转率更高，这意味着他们需要喝更多的水Energyexpenditureisthebiggestfactorinwaterturnoverwiththehighestvaluesobservedinmenaged20to35withanaverageof
4.2litresaday.Thisdecreasedwithageaveraging
2.5litresadayformenintheir90s.Womenaged20to40hadanaverageturnoverof
3.3litreswhichdeclinedto
2.5litresbytheageof
90.Athletesturnoveraboutalitremorethannon-athletes.Newbornbabiesturnedoverthelargestproportionreplacingabout28%ofthewaterintheirbodieseveryday.能量消耗是影响水周转率最大的因素20到35岁的男性水周转量最高，平均每天为
4.2升随着年龄的增长，这一比例会逐渐下降，90多岁的男性平均每天为
2.5升20至40岁的女性平均水周转量为
3.3升到90岁时降至
2.5升运动员比非运动员多1升新生婴儿的水周转率最大，每天体内约28%的水都会被替换一次Althoughdrinkingmorewaterthanyourbodyrequiresisunlikelytobeharmfulforhealthcleandrinkingwaterisnotfreetoproducetheauthorspointout.Thereisacosttodrinkingmorethanweneedevenifitzsnotahealthcost“saidSpeakman.作者指出，虽然喝超过身体需要的水不太可能对健康有害，但清洁的饮用水并不是免费产生的斯比克曼说〃喝得水超过了我们需要的量是有成本的，即便不是健康方面的代价〃athletesandpregnantandbreastfeedingwomenhadhigherturnovermeaningtheyneedtodrinkmorewater.Energyexpenditureisthebiggestfactorinwaterturnoverwiththehighestvaluesobservedinmenaged20to35withanaverageof
4.2litresaday.Thisdecreasedwithageaveraging
2.5litresadayformenintheir90s.Womenaged20to40hadanaverageturnoverof
3.3litreswhichdeclinedto
2.5litresbytheageof
90.Athletesturnoveraboutalitremorethannon-athletes.Newbornbabiesturnedoverthelargestproportionreplacingabout28%ofthewaterintheirbodieseveryday.Althoughdrinkingmorewaterthanyourbodyrequiresisunlikelytobeharmfulforhealthcleandrinkingwaterisnotfreetoproducetheauthorspointout.Thereisacosttodrinkingmorethanweneedevenifitsnotahealthcost“saidSpeakman.本文节选自TheGuardian（卫报）发布时间
2022.
11.25作者HannahDevlin原文标题Eightglassesofwateradayexcessiveformostpeoplestudysuggests阅读理解AccordingtothearticlewhyisthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateradayconsideredexcessiveBecauseitleadstoseverewaterintoxication.Becausemostpeoplehavealowerdailywaterrequirement.CBecausedrinkingmorethantwolitresadaycanincreasetheriskofhealthissues.DBecauseitdoesntaccountforenergyexpenditure.答案B解析文章开头提到，喝八杯水的建议会被大多数人认为过量了，因为大多数人的水分摄入量都比两升标准建议要低，因此选项B是正确答案WhatdidthestudypublishedinScienceexamineTheeffectofdrinkingwaterwithdeuteriumonthehumanbody.Therateofwaterturnoverindifferentpeople.Thehealtheffectsofdrinkingtoomuchwater.Thecostofproducingcleandrinkingwater.答案B解析文章提到，《Science》杂志上发表的研究分析了来自23个国家的5604名年龄从8天到96岁的受试者的水分摄入量因此选项B是正确答案WhatisdeuteriumAtypeofwaterwithmedicinalproperties.Agasfoundnaturallyinthehumanbody.Astableisotopeofhydrogenfoundnaturallyinthehumanbody.Atypeofhydrogenthatcancauseharmtothehumanbody.答案C解析:文章提到，研究中使用的是一种稳定的氢同位素deuterium它代替了一些水中的氢原子，这种氢同位素放入人体中不会造成任何伤害，因此选项C是正确答案WhydopregnantandbreastfeedingwomenneedtodrinkmorewaterBecausetheyhaveahigherenergyexpenditure.Becausetheyliveinhotandhumidenvironments.Becausetheyhaveahigherwaterturnover.Becausetheyareathighaltitudes.答案C解析文章提到，住在炎热潮湿环境和高海拔地区的人以及运动员和怀孕哺孚闾妇女的水分需要量更高因为他们的水分快速流失，因此选项C是正确答案WhatisthebiggestfactorinwaterturnoverAgeGenderEnergyexpenditureSurroundings答案C解析文章提到，水分代谢中最大的因素是能量消耗，那些年龄在20到35岁之间的男性的水分周转量最高，平均每天达到
4.2升，这个量会随着年龄而减少，而年龄在90岁以上的男性一个平均摄入量为
2.5升每天这些研究结果表明，能量消耗是水分周转的最大因素，因此选项C是正确答案WhatisthecostmentionedbytheauthorsThecostofhealthproblemsassociatedwithexcessivewaterconsumptionThecostofproducingcleandrinkingwaterThecostofthestudypublishedinScienceThecostofdeuterium答案B解析文章最后指出，尽管饮用比身体所需的更多的水不太可能对健康有害，但是，作者指出，生产干净的饮用水并非免费因此选项B是正确答案WhohasthehighestturnoverrateforwaterMenaged20to35Womenaged20to40AthletesNewbornbabies答案D解析文章指出，新生儿每天替换其体内28%的水，水分周转率最高，因为他们的身体需要在长高和发育方面快速消耗大量的能量，因此选项D是正确答案HowwaswaterturnovermeasuredinthestudyBymeasuringtheamountofhydrogeninaglassofwater.Byreplacingsomeofthehydrogenatomsinaglassofwaterwithdeuterium.Bymeasuringtheamountofdeuteriuminthehumanbody.DBymeasuringtheamountofwaterdrunkbytheparticipants.答案B解析文章提到，研究中使用了一种饮用水，其中用气代替了一些水中的氢原子，并它代替的氢原子的排泄速度反映了身体中水的周转率因此选项B是正确答案Whatistherangeofwaterintakessuggestedinthestudy
1.5to
1.8litresaday2to
2.5litresaday
2.5to3litresaday
3.5to4litresaday答案A解析文章指出，研究结果显示，许多人每天只需要摄入约L5到
1.8升的水，这比通常建议的两升标准要低，因此选项A是正确答案WilldrinkingmorewaterthanrequiredbyyourbodybeharmfultoyourhealthaccordingtothestudyYeszitcanleadtoseverewaterintoxication.Noitisneverharmful.Itdependsonapersonsageandgender.Itisunlikelytobeharmfulbutthereisacosttoproducingcleandrinkingwater.答案D解析文章提到，饮用比身体所需的更多的水不太可能对健康有害但是作者指出，生产干净的饮用水并非免费因此选项D是正确答案词汇总结recommendation建议excessive过量的scientists科学家acceptedwisdom公认智慧healthguidance健康指导rigorous严格的waterturnover水的周转率intakes摄入量research研究journal科学期刊isotopes同位素harmful有害的elimination消除turnedover翻身measure测量gender性别activitylevels活动水平surroundings环境hotandhumidclimates炎热潮湿的气候highaltitudes高海拔athletes运动员pregnant怀孕的breastfeeding母乳喂养的energyexpenditure能量消耗values价值men男性women女性average平均数newborn新生儿proportion比例harmfulforhealth对健康有害cleandrinkingwater干净的饮用水produce生产authors作者cost成本hydrogenatom氢原子stableisotope稳定同位素humanbody人体widerange广泛的范围typicallyrecommended通常建议suggests表示assessed评估eightdays八天96yearsold96岁countries国家drinkingaglassofwater喝一杯水quickly快速地declined下降non-athletes非运动员Speakman作者姓名新词积累
1.isotope/aiS8itsop/n.同位素
2.level/leva1/n.数量，程度；标准，水平；层次，级别；看待（或应对、理解）事物的方式；水平高度，相对高度；楼层；平地；水平仪v.使平整；推倒，夷平;（使）比分相同;（尤指用枪）瞄准；针对……（进行批评等）；稳定下来，达到平衡（leveloff）;坦诚相见adj.平坦的，水平的；相同价值的相同地位的；比分相同的；平静的，冷静的
3.altitude/aelti|tju:d/n.海拔高度；高地;（天体在地平线上的）地平纬度；顶垂线;（等级和地位等的）高级词组搭配l.energyexpenditure能量消耗写作句总结Thesuggestionhasbecomeacceptedwisdomandoftenappearsinhealthguidance.结构・・•hasbecomeacceptedwisdomand代enappearsinhealthguidance.…已经成为公认的常识，并经常出现在健康指南中。
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