高三英语语法总结重点

高三英语语法总结重点高三英语语法表语从句

1、关联词不能省略

2、从句用陈述语序常见引导词whatwhenwherewhywhetherhowthatbecausewhichWhatsurprisedmemostwasthathespokeEnglishsowell.Thequestionishowwhatyouvesaidcanbeputintopractice.Thereasonwhyhedidntcomeisthathewasill.ItThisThatisbecauseironcontainsmorecarbonthansteel.高三英语语法同位语从句

1、关联词不能省略

2、从句用陈述语序从句的名词后接同位语factideawordpromisesayingproblemnews常见引导词thatwhetherwherehowetc.Thefactsthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedus.Anideacametoherthatshemightdothatinanotherway.Scientistshavearguedovertheproblemwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.高三英语语法状语从句任何状况下都不能省略除此之外，在关系词的运用上非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全一样.例如Mybookwhichisveryoldisonthetable.PresidentKennedywhohadheardofKingbeforewasinterestedtomeethim.HisfatherwhoisworkinginBeijingisanengineer.Thehousewherehewasbornhasbeendestroyedintheearthquake.Mr.SmithwithwhomyoujusttalkedisourEnglishteacher.ThegentlemanwithwhosedaughterIworkedlookeddownuponwoman..应留意的问题l.as/which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句as/which是关系代词指代主句中所提到的某种状况，它们的不同点是.as引导的这种定语从句位置比拟灵敏，可位于句首，句中，句尾;但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后.as还带有正如，正象之意，而which不含此意Theearthislikeaballaseveryoneknows.Aseveryoneknowstheearthislikeaball.TheysaidtheywereFrenchwhichwasnttrue.常见问题一定语从句复原法试题中有很多有关定语从句的，这类题往往需选择引导词局部做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分.基于这一点，我们可以用复原法来检验定语从句是否正确，即把定语从句复原成为一个简洁句.具体做法是

①.第一步替换.将关系代词干脆替换成先行词，假如是关系副词先替换成介词+关系代词，再将关系代词替换成先行词

②.其次步调整，即调整语序，看能否构成一个合理的简洁句例如，复原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是先将that/which替换成先行词thepark再调整语序，就能得到一个合理的简洁句Wevisitedtheparklastyear.再如，复原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是先将where替换成inwhich再将which替换成先行词thepark再调整语序，就得到一个合理的简洁句:Weonceplayedforawholedayinthepark.Doyouremembertheparkthat/whichwevisitedlastyearDoyouremembertheparkwhereweonceplayedforawholedayDoyoustillrememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetherDoyoustillrememberthedayswhenweweretogether二.分隔定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但有时也被分隔开来，在阅读时要留意依据定语从句所表达的意思来辨别先行词是什么Iwastheonlypersonintheofficewhowasinvited.HewastheonlyoneofthestudentswhopassedtheGRE.©.as引导的这种定语从句位置比拟灵敏，可位于句首，句中，句尾;但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后

②.as还带有正如，正象之意，而which不含此意Theearthislikeaballaseveryoneknows.Aseveryoneknowstheearthislikeaball.TheysaidtheywereFrenchwhichwasnttrue.常见问题一.定语从句复原法试题中有很多有关定语从句的，这类题往往需选择引导词局部.做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分.基于这一点，我们可以用复原法来检验定语从句是否正确，即把定语从句复原成为一个简洁句.具体做法是

①.第一步替换.将关系代词干脆替换成先行词，假如是关系副词先替换成介词+关系代词，再将关系代词替换成先行词

②.其次步调整，即调整语序，看能否构成一个合理的简洁句例如，复原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是先将that/which替换成先行词thepark再调整语序，就能得到一个合理的简洁句Wevisitedtheparklastyear.再如，复原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是先将where替换成inwhich再将which替换成先行词thepark再调整语序，就得到一个合理的简洁句Weonceplayedforawholedayinthepark.Doyouremembertheparkthat/whichwevisitedlastyearDoyouremembertheparkwhereweonceplayedforawholedayDoyoustillrememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetherDoyoustillrememberthedayswhenweweretogether二.分隔定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但有时也被分隔开来，在阅读时要留意依据定语从句所表达的意思来辨别先行词是什么Iwastheonlypersonintheofficewhowasinvited.HewastheonlyoneofthestudentswhopassedtheGRE一定义在句中作状语的从句就叫做状语从句二.分类状语从句包括以下八类L时间状语从句:由whenwhileasbeforeaftersincetill/untilassoonas等弓I导a.Ishalltellhimthegoodnewswhenhecomes..缘由状语从句由becauseassincefor等引导Hedidnthearmebecausehewaslisteningtotheradio.Sinceyouarefreetodayyouhadbettershowmehowtousethecomputer..地点状语从句由where等引导a.Pleaseputthebookwhereitwasafteryoufinishreadingit..条件状语从句由ifunless等引导a.IwillcometoseeyouifIhavetimeonSunday..比拟或方式状语从句:由thanasasifas.・.as..•等引导Iknowyoudobetterthanhedoes.Theoldworkerrunsveryfastasifhewereayoungman..目的状语从句:由sothatinorderthat等引导a.Theysetoutearlysothattheycouldarriveatthestationingoodtime..结果状语从句:由sosothatso/such…that…等引导Theysetoutearlysothattheyarrivedatthestationingoodtime.Hefinishedhisworksowellthatthebosspraisedhiminpublic..让步状语从句由though/althoughevenifwhateverwhoeverwhenever;nomatterwhat/who等弓|导Heisinverygoodhealththoughheisold.Theydidntstopworkingevenifitbegantorainhard.三.应留意的问题.时间和条件状语从句中常用一般时代替将来时IwillgoandseeafilmifIhavetimetomorrow.Iwilltelltheaboutitassoonashecomesback.Hesaidhewouldgooutforawalkwhenhefinishedhiswork..状语从句中可有省略在一个含有状语从句的复合句中，假如主句和状语从句的主语一样，或状语从句的主语是it并且状语从句的谓语含有be动词时，可以将状语从句的主语和be一起省略掉AsshewasachildshebegantolearnEnglish.Ifhewasalivehemustbeatleastninetyyearsold.Althoughhewastoldtostophekeptonworking.Ifitisnecessaryringmeup.Hedidntsayasingleworduntilhewasasked..as和than引导的比拟状语从句中，从句中和主句中一样的局部往往省略，从句中只剩下比拟对象a.HeisaheadtallerthanIamtall.than之后的人称代词是主格或宾格时，有时意思不同，如Shelikesthedogmorethanme.=Shelikesthedogmorethanshelikesme.她宠爱狗比宠爱我更多ShelikesthedogmorethanL=ShelikesthedogmorethanIlikethegod.她比我更宠爱狗

4.含有nosoonerthan和hardly/barely/scarcelywhen的句子相当于含有assoonas引导的时间状语的句子.nosooner•或hardly放在句首时，主谓要局部倒装Hehadnosoonerseenthepolicemanthanheranaway.=Nosoonerhadheseenthepolicemanthanheranaway.=Heranawayassoonashesawthepolicemen.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenthetelephonerang.=Hardlyhadhesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.=Thetelephonerangassoonashesatdown..immediatelydirectlyinstantly等词也可以作为连词引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas引导的时间状语a.IwenttoseehimimmediatelyIheardfromhim.=1wenttoseehimassoonasIheardfromhim..themomenttheminutethesecond引导时间状语从句相当于assoonas引导的时间状语a.Heletoutacrythemomenthesawthesnake.=Heletoutacryassoonashesawthesnake..eachtimeeverytimeanytimelasttimenexttimefirsttime可以弓I导时间状语从句a.Theyshakehandswitheachothereachtimetheymeet.

8.since引导的时间状语从句中，假设谓语动词是持续性动词或状态动词，那么其过去时表示动作的完成或状态的完毕a.Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere他不住这里己有五年Ta.Theyshakehandswitheachothereachtimetheymeet.

8.since引导的时间状语从句中，假设谓语动词是持续性动词或状态动词，那么其过去时表示动作的完成或状态的完毕a.Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.他不住这里己有五年了高三英语语法定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句.关系代词的用法关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语，介词在后指人that/whothat/who/whom指物that/whichthat/which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略；在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代；另外，关系代词whose表示先行词的.例如.关系代词在定语从句中作主语Doyouknowthemanthat/whocametoseeXiaoYangthismorningThisisabookthat/whichtellsaboutspacerocket..关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语Thecomradethat/who/whomtheycametovisitisascientist.Iwillneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespentinthecountryside..关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语介词在后Thisisthehousethat/whichhewasbornin.Thepersonthat/who/whomyoushouldwritetoisMrBall.Themanthat/who/whomyoutalkedwithisourEnglishteacher..whose引导的定语从句IknowaladywhosehusbandisaNobelPrizewinner.Thechildwhosemotherdiedinthefireisnowanengineerinourcompany.Heislivinginahousewhosewindowsarepaintedwhite.三.应留意的问题

1.指物时，关系代词只用that而不用which的状况.先行词被最高级或theonlytheverythesame等修饰时ThisisthebestplaythatwaswrittenbyJack.HeistheonlypersonthatIcantrust..先行词被序数词或thelast等词修饰时a.Thisisthefirstcarthatarrivedthismorning..先行词为alleverythingnothingsomethinganything等不定代词时或被不定代词allanyno等修饰时Allthepeoplethatcomefromthecountryworkmuchharder.ThisisallthatIcantellyou..人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a.MyfatherandMrBrowntalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedforaboutanhour..句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a.WhichisthetrainthatgoestoBeijing

2.关系代词whowhichthat在定语从句中作主语时，要留意定语从句中的主谓相同问题.因为who/that/which指代先行词，所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持相同即可Icametogetthebookthatwasleftintheclassroom.Icametogetthebooksthatwereleftintheclassroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法when在定语从句中作地点状语；where在定语从句中作地点状语;why在定语从句中作缘由状语.例如HewaswellatthetimewhenIsawhim.Letsmeetattheplacewherewemetyesterday.ThisisthereasonwhyIaminfavorofthesinger..应留意的问题L在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略，这样的名词如thetimeeverytimeeachtimethemomenttheminutethesecond等也有语法家认为是这些名词干脆引导了时间状语从句a.BythetimewhenhewasfourteenyearsoldhehadlearnedmuchEnglish.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可以位于关系代词之前，从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二这种定语从句中关系代词的用法在这种定语从句中关系代词只能用whom（指人）和which（指事物），而不能运用that/who.例如Thisisthehouseinwhichhewasborn.ThepersontowhomyoushouldwriteisMrBall.ThemanwithwhomyoutalkedisourEnglishteacher.ThegentlemanwithwhosedaughterIworkedlookeddownuponwoman..应留意的问题.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词，也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组Thisisthehouseinwhichhewasborn.Atfiveoclockwereachedthehouseinfrontofwhichthereisabigtree.Atfiveoclockwereachedthemountainatthefootofwhichliesomefarmhouses..依据表达的须要，介词之前还可以有其他词，从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Iusedtoliveinasmallroomthewindowofwhichfacesthestreet.Atthegatestoodagroupofstudentssomeofwhomaregirls.3介词假设为短语动词中的介词，那么不行将介词拆开放在关系代词之前Thisisthemagazinewhichyouarelookingfor.for不能放在which之前ThechildwhomAuntLitakescareofisill.of不能放在whom之前

4.关系副词when/where/why常可与介词+关系代词互换DoyourememberthedayswhenwewereinBeijing=inwhichwewereinBeijingDoyouremembertheparkwhereweonceplayedforawholeday=inwhichweonceplayedforawholedayThisisthereasonwhyhewasabsentyesterday.=forwhichhewasabsent限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区分见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用，即不行缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前，并表达的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用，假设缺少它，句意照旧完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法非限定性定语从句不能用that引导，并且关系词在。