初中英语课件--名词讲解

Middle SchoolEnglishCourseware-Explanationof•Classification ofNouns•The number of nouns•The possessive case ofnounsCATALOGUE•Usage ofNouns目录01Classification ofNounsProper terminology01Proper nouns are namesofspecific persons,places,organizations,events,etc.They areusually capitalized.02Example:John,New York,United States,World CupCommonnounCommon nouns are used to refer to aclass ofthings orpeople withoutspecifyinga particularindividual.Example:car,dog,teacher,studentCountable nounCountable nouns are nouns thatcan be counted.They havesingularand plural forms.Example:one car,two cars;one dog,two dogsUncountablenounUncountable nouns are nounsthat cannot becounted.They donothave a plural form.Example:milk,bread,rice,water02The numberof nounsThe numberofcountable nounsCountablenounsarenouns thatcan becounted ormeasured.They have apluralform andcan beusedwith articlesa/an ornumbers.For example,cat,dog,apple,and carare allcountable nouns.Countablenouns can also be modified by adjectives todescribe specificcharacteristics or qualities.Forexample,big cat,red apple,and fastcar.Thenumberof uncountablenounsUncountable nounsarenounsthat Uncountablenounscan be modifiedbycannot becounted ormeasured.They adjectives,but theycannot beuseddo nothaveapluralformand cannotwith theindefinite articlea/an.Forbe usedwith articlesa/an ornumbers.example,good milk,fresh bread,For example,milk,bread,rice,and hotrice,and enoughmoney.money areall uncountablenouns.Special formsof nounsCollective nounsCollectivenounsare used to describegroups ofpeople orthings.They aresingular inform butrefertoagroup ofindividuals.For example,family,team,and government.Material nounsMaterialnounsareused to describe materialsor substances.They areuncountable andcannot bemodifiedby adjectives.For example,wood,metal,and cotton.Abstract nounsAbstractnounsareused todescribe ideas,concepts,or qualitiesthatcannot be seenortouched.They areuncountable andcannotbemodifiedby adjectives.For example,happiness,love,and wisdom.03The possessivecase ofnounsPossessivecaseThe possessivecase is usedto show ownershipofsomething.It isformed byadding anstothe endofthe noun.For example,Johns carmeans that thecar belongs to John.The possessivecase is also usedwith pluralnounsthat endin s.For example,the girlsbikes meansthatthe bikesbelong tothe girls.Of possessivecaseThe prepositionof isoften usedThe useof ofwith thepossessivewith thepossessivecase.For casecanbehelpful inclarifyingexample,the houseof theownership or to avoidconfusion.Smiths means thatthehousebelongs tothe Smithfamily.VSdouble genitiveThe double genitive is aconstruction wheretwo genitivecases areused together.For example,the wifeof themanmeansthatthe wifebelongstothe man.Thedoublegenitiveisoften usedtoshowpossession ina moreformal orliterary context.It canalsobeused toemphasizethe possessionortocreate aspecific meaningor emphasis.04Usage ofNounsAs the subjectSummaryWhen a noun isused asthe subjectof asentence,it typicallyappears atthe beginning,followed by the verb.It representsthe person,place,thing,or ideathat isperforming theactiondescribed bythe verb.ExampleThe catsat onthe mat.In thissentence,cat isthesubject,representing theanimal thatissitting.WhomSummary ExampleWhomisaquestion wordusedtoI metthe manwhom youaskabout theobject ofa verbor recommended.In thissentence,preposition.It isalways asubjective whomrefers tothe manwho wascomplementand followsthe verbor recommendedbythesubject.preposition.adj要点一要点二Summary ExampleWhenanounisusedwith an adjective,it modifiesor Thebig dogchased thecat.In thissentence,bigdescribes thenouns characteristicsorqualities.The is anadjectivemodifying dogtodescribeits size.adjective appearsbefore orafter thenoun,depending onthe contextand emphasis.As anattributiveSummaryA nouncanbeused asan attribute,or complement,to modifyor describeanothernoun.It followsthe modifiednoun andis separatedbyacomma orotherpunctuation marks.ExampleThe book,written byJohn,was abestseller.In thissentence,written byJohnisanattribute modifyingbook tospecify itsauthor.THANKS感谢观看。