2010高考英语《语法》课件40《不定式》

2010College EntranceExaminationEnglish Grammar•Definition andproperties ofinfinitives•The formand usageofinfinitives目录•The syntacticfunction ofinfinitives•Indefinite independentstructure•Special usageof infinitivescontents01Definition andpropertiesof infinitivesDefinitionof infinitiveInfinitive is thebasic form of aInfinitiveis the mostbasic form ofverb,without anyauxiliary verba verb,and itis notmodified byormodal verb.It can be used as aany otherverb.It expresses thesubject,object,complement oraction or state of the subject.predicative.VSThe propertiesof infinitivesInfinitivehas notense,no person,no numberand novoice.It onlyexpressesthegeneral action or state,withoutspecifying time,subject orother details.Infinitive can be usedwith otherverbs toform complexsentences.It can also be used as a complementorpredicative tomodify the subject or predicate.The characteristicsof infinitivesInfinitivecan be used as the Infinitivecanalsobe used as Infinitivecanbeusedas asubject of a sentence,the object ofa sentence,complement tomodify theexpressing the action orstateexpressingtheaction orstate subject orpredicate,providingof the subject.For example:that thesubject performsor additionalinformation aboutTostudy Englishis achieves.For example:He thesubjectorpredicate.Forimportant.likes to read books.example:She iseasy togetalong with.02The formand usageofinfinitivesThe form of infinitiveInfinitive without toe.g.,She likesto eatapples.Infinitivewithtoe.g.,He decidedto goto thepark.The usageof infinitivesAs the subjecte.g.,To erris human.As theobjecte.g.,She likesto sing.Asthecomplemente.g.,He wantsto bea doctor.The tenseand voiceof infinitives010203Present infinitivePast infinitivePassive voiceofinfinitivee.g.,I wantto eatan e.g.,She regrettedto havee.g.,It needsto beapple.left early.repaired.03The syntacticfunction ofinfinitivesInfinitive as subjectInfinitive as subjectExampleof asentenceThe infinitive canbeusedasthe Torun amarathon ischallenging.subject ofasentence,expressing anThe infinitive to runis thesubject,action orstate withoutspecifying theindicating theaction withoutnamingperformer.the runner.InfinitiveasobjectInfinitive asobject ofa verbor prepositionThe infinitive canbeusedastheobject ofa verbor preposition,typicallyexpressing theactionorstate thatis thefocus ofthe sentence.ExampleShe wantsto travelthe world.The infinitive to travel is theobject oftheverb wants,indicating whatshe desiresto do.Infinitiveasa predicateInfinitiveasacomplement toa ExampleverbThe infinitivecanbeusedasacomplement toa Heis happyto behome.The infinitive to beverb,completing itsmeaning andexpressing anis thecomplement to the verbhappy,actionorstate thatis relatedtothesubject.completing themeaning ofthe sentence.04Indefinite independentstructureThe independent nominativestructure ofinfinitivesSummaryThisstructure usesthe infinitiveform asthesubjectofthe sentence.ExampleTo eathealthily isimportant.ExplanationIn thissentence,to eathealthily isthesubject,and itexpressesthe infinitiveform toeat in the nominativecase.Theindependentaccusative structureof infinitivesSummaryThisstructure usesthe infinitiveform astheobject ofthe sentence.ExampleI wantto travelthe world.ExplanationHere,to travelthe worldistheobjectoftheverb want,and itis in the accusativecase.Indefinite independentpredicate structureSummaryThisstructure usesthe infinitiveform asthe predicateofthe sentence.ExampleIts funto swim in thesummer.ExplanationIn thissentence,to swimin thesummer isthe predicate,and itexpresses theinfinitiveform toswiminan indefinitesense.05Special usageof infinitivesOmittinginfinitivesInfinitive omittedInfinitive omittedInfinitive omittedin thesentence in thesentencein the sentenceIlike___read books.The Ienjoy_____go onI cantwait_____see myinfinitivetoreadis omitted,vacation.Theinfinitiveto familyagain.Theinfinitivetoand thesentence isgo isomitted,and thesee isomitted,and thegrammatically correct.sentence is grammatically sentence is grammaticallycorrect.correct.The negativeform of infinitiveNegative form of infinitive in the sentenceI dontlike_____eat fastfood.The negativeform of infinitivetoeat is used,and thesentence isgrammatically correct.Negative formof infinitiveinthesentenceShe doesntenjoy_____travel byplane.The negativeformof infinitivetotravelisused,and thesentence is grammaticallycorrect.Negative formofinfinitiveinthesentenceThey didntwant_____buy anew car.The negativeformofinfinitivetobuy isused,andthe sentenceisgrammaticallycorrect.Comparative formof infinitiveComparative formofinfinitiveinthesentenceIlike_____run morethan_____swim.The comparativeformofinfinitivemore thanisused,and thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrect.Comparative formofinfinitiveinthesentenceShe prefers_____cook athome to_____eat out.The comparativeform ofinfinitiveto isused,and thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrect.Comparativeformofinfinitiveinthesentence单击此处添加内容，文字是您思想的提炼单击此处添加内容，文字是您思想的提炼单击此处添加内容，文字是您思想的提炼单击此处添加内容THANKS感谢观看。