英语语言学实用教程课件

Practical CourseCoursewarefor EnglishLinguistic目录CONTENTS•Introduction toEnglish Linguistics•Fundamentals ofPhonics•Lexicological research•Grammar analysis•Pragmatic Exploration•Sociological perspective01Introduction toEnglishLinguisticsThe Definition and Classificationof LinguisticsSummaryExplainthe basicdefinition and classification of linguistics,and explainthe positionof linguisticsinthe disciplinarysystem.Detailed descriptionLinguisticsis adiscipline that studies humanlanguage,exploring theessence,structure,and changesof language.According todifferent researchperspectives andfocuses,linguistics can be dividedintosub disciplinessuch asphonetics,phonology,morphology,syntax,and semantics.The disciplinary characteristics of Englishlinguistics•Summary:Introduce thedisciplinarycharacteristicsand researchcontent of English linguistics.•Detailed description:English linguistics,as an independent discipline,has interdisciplinarycharacteristics.It notonly studiesthe structureand characteristics of Englishitself,but alsoinvolves otherrelated disciplinessuch aspsychology,sociology,history,and anthropology.The researchcontent of English linguisticsis extensive,including Englishphonetics,grammar,vocabulary,semantics,pragmatics,and discourse.The Developmentof EnglishLinguistics•Summary:Overview of the developmentprocess andimportantevents ofEnglish linguistics.•Detailed description:The development ofEnglish linguistics canbe tracedback tothe medievalperiod.Withthe popularizationand evolution ofEnglish,English linguisticsgradually developedand grewstronger.Inhistory,some importantfigures andevents havedriven thedevelopmentofEnglishlinguistics,such asthehumanistic trendduring theRenaissance,the disseminationofEnglishduring theIndustrial Revolution,andthe ChomskyRevolution inthe20th century.02Fundamentals ofPhonicsThebasic conceptsof phoneticsPhoneticnote PhonetictranscriptionThe use of symbolsto reportThe processof convertingspeechsounds inwritten formspeech intotelephone notationPhoneticfeatures PhoneticcontrastThe characteristicsthat defineThe differencein promotiontheidentity andquality of speech betweensimilar soundsthatsounds distinguishesone wordfromanotherPhonemes andPhonic AlphabetPhonemesThesmallest contrastingunits ofsoundin alanguage,whichdistinguishes oneword fromanotherPhoneticalphaA systemof symbolsused torepresentphones Themostcommon telephonealpha is theInternational PhoneticAlpha IPASyllableand wordstressSyllableA groupof one or morephones thatform asingle unitofpromotionWord stressTheemphasis oremphasis placedonacollapsiblewithin aword Stresscan affectthe meaning andpromotion ofwordsIntroduction andrhythmIntroductionThe riseand fallof thepitch ofthe voicethat occursduring speech,which canbe consideredmeaningandtitleRhythmThe regularpattern ofstressed andunstressed syndromein speech,which giveslanguage itscharacteristic rhythmand flow03LexicologicalresearchThe Compositionand Classificationof VocabularySummarywords DetaileddescriptionComposition andclassification of vocabulary Vocabularyisthefoundation of language,andits compositionandclassificationare importantcontentsoflinguisticresearch.The classificationofvocabulary isusually based on factorssuch aspartofspeech,semantics,function,andfrequency ofuse,which helpsto gaina deeperunderstandingoftheinternal structureandpatterns oflanguage.The semanticrelationship ofvocabularySummary wordssemantic relationships ofvocabularyDetailed descriptionThesemanticrelationshipsbetween vocabularyinclude synonymousrelationships,antonymous relationships,and hyponymousrelationships.Studying theserelationships helpsto understand the meaningand usageofvocabulary incontext,improve languageproficiency andreadingcomprehension.The evolutionofvocabulary and the creation ofnewwordsSummary wordsDetailed descriptionTheevolutionofvocabulary and thecreationof Vocabularyevolves continuouslywith thenewwords developmentof society,some oldwords willgraduallydisappear,while newwords willcontinueto emerge.Understanding theevolutionprocess ofvocabularyandthe waysin whichnewwords arecreated canhelp graspthedevelopment trendoflanguageand bettercopewith theconstantly changingreal world.04Grammar analysisBasicConcepts ofGrammarMorphologyMorphology isthe disciplinethat studiesthe compositionand changesofwords.For example,parts ofspeech such as nouns,verbs,adjectives,and theirforms ofvariation,such asplural nouns,verb tenses,etc.Syntaxsyntax isthe disciplinethatstudiessentence structure.It involveshow tocombinewords intomeaningful sentencesandtherelationships betweenthesesentences.Part ofspeech andpresence componentsNounsVerbsNouns are words used to representpeople,things,Verbs arewords used to indicateactions orstates.places,or abstractconcepts.For example,cat,For example,run,write,read,sleep,etc.dog,book,table,etc.Adjectives AdverbsAdjectivesarewords usedto describe theAdverbs arewordsusedtodescribeverbs,characteristicsofnouns.For example,big,small,adjectives,or otheradverbs.For example,quickly,red,green,etc.happy,very,also,etc.The structureand typesof sensesSimpleSentencesA simplesentence is a sentence composed of a subjectand apredicate.Forexample,The catis sleeping.Compound SentencesA compound sentence is a sentence composedof two or moresimple sentencesconnectedby coordinateconjunctions.For example,The catis sleeping,and thedogis playing.Complex SentencesAcompound sentence is a sentencecomposedof a main clause and oneormore subordinateclauses.For example,The cat,which is sleeping,is tired.Analysis ofcomplex sensesComplex Sentences withComplexSentenceswithSubordinate ClaimsCoordinated ClaimsAmaster-slave complexsentenceisasentenceAcompoundsentenceisasentencecomposedcomposed ofamainclauseandoneormore oftwoormore coordinatesentences,each ofsubordinateclauses,where thesubordinate whichcan form anindependentsentence.Forclause cannotformaseparate sentence.For example,The catissleeping,andthe dog isexample,The cat,which issleeping,is tired,but playing,but thebird issinging.thedogis stillenergetic.05PragmaticExplorationContext andcourse means要点一要点二Context UnderstandingDiscovery AnalysisTheability tounderstand themeaning ofwords andThe studyof howmeaning iscreated throughphrasesbasedonthe contextin whichthey areused languageuse inlarger unitsthan individualsenses,For example,the wordbank canmean afinancial such as paragraphs,speeches,or entiretexts Itinstitutionor theedge ofa river,depending onthe focuseson howwriters orspeakers uselanguage tocontextcreate specificeffects ormeans withina largercommunicativecontextSpeech acttheorySpeech ActsThesmallest unitoflanguageuse thatcanbeconsidered asan act,suchasmaking astatement,asking aquestion,or makinga promiseSpeech ActTheory focuseson howtheseactions areperformed andunderstanding throughlanguage useIslamicActsThe actof performinga particularspeech act,suchaspromise,ordering,or warningThisaspect ofspeech acttheory focuseson howspecific linguisticforms areusedtoperformspecific illustrativeactsConversational Meansand CooperativePrinciplesConversational implicationsCooperative PrinciplesTheinferred meansthat arefrom theuseofA setof assessmentsthat governconversation,language inconversation,beyond theexplicit accordingto whichparticipants inconversationmeans ofindividual wordsor phrasesFor example,should becooperative,informative,and relevantifa personsays Itscold inhere,the implicationViolations ofthese principlescan createcouldbe thatthey wantthe temperatureto beimplications orlead tomisunderstandingsraised06SociologicalperspectiveThe Relationshipbetween Languageand SocietyLanguage isa social toolLanguageis notonly ameans ofcommunication,but alsoasocialtool thatreflects andshapes cultureandsocietyLanguage variationacross communitiesLanguageusage andgrammar canvary acrossdifferent communities,reflecting theirunique culturalandsocial normsLanguagechange over timeLanguage undergoesconstant changeover timedue tosocial,cultural,and technologicaladvancementsLanguagevariation andchangeLanguage variationLanguageusage andgrammar canvary acrossdifferentregions,social classes,age groups,and ethicsLanguagechangeLanguage changesovertimedue tovarious factorssuch astechnologicaladvancements,globalization,and migrationLanguagecontactWhen differentlanguages comeinto contact,they oftengounder changesin grammar,vocabulary,and promotionLanguageand CulturalExchangeLanguage asa culturalartifact01Languageisa keycomponent ofculture andreflectsthe values,beliefs,and conditionsofasocietyLanguage learningas culturalimmersion02Learning anew languageinvolves notonlyacquiring linguisticknowledge butalsounderstanding andexperiencing anothercultureLanguage and cultural exchange03Language learningandculturalexchange gohandin hand,enabling peopleto connectwith diverseculturesand perspectives感谢您的观看THANKS。