高中英语专题十三名词配套课件外研版

Senior HighSchoolEnglish TopicThirteenNouns SuCONTENTS•The typesand functionsof nouns•The numberof nouns目录•The caseof anoun•The natureof nouns•The PluralForm NounsCHAPTER01The typesand functionsofnounsProperty terminationProp nouns arenames of specific individuals,places,or things,such asChina,Beijing,and theGreat Wall.Propnouns are commonlycapitalized inEnglishCommon noun01Common nouns are used torefer to a classof things orpeople,such ascat,dog,and teacher.02Common nouns are notcapitalized but they are thefirstword in a sense or at thebeginning of a paragraphAbstractnounAbstract nouns are usedto describeabstract ideasorconcepts,such ashappiness,love,and freedom.Abstract nouns are notcapitalizedbuttheyarethe firstwordinasenseorat thebeginning ofa paragraphSpecific nounsSpecific nounsare usedto refertoa specificindividual,place,orthing,such asthe EiffelTowerand theGreat Wallof China.Specificnounsare capitalizedwhenused asthe nameof aspecificindividual,place,or thingCHAPTER02The numberof nounsCountablenounCountable nounsare nouns that can be counted,such asbook,apple,person,and soonCountable nounscan besingular orregular,and theirforms changeaccordinglyCountablenounsare commonly usedwith numbers or quantifiersto expressquantityor specificitemsUncountable nounUncountablenounsarenounsthatcannot becounted,such asmilk,bread,rice,and soonUncountable nounsarecommonly used withoutnumbersorquantifiers,and theyarecommonly singularUncountablenounsarecommonlyusedto expressa generalidea orquality,ratherthan specificitemsThe conversionbetween countable anduncountable nouns010203Some nounscan beused asThe conversionbetween It is important to understand thecountable oruncountable nounscountableanduncountable nounsdifference betweencountable anddependingon thecontext Foris notalways regular,and someuncountable nounsin ordertoexample,hair can be countablerequirements knowledgeof theuse Englishcorrectly andavoidwhen referring to individualspecific contextor usagegrammar errorsstrandsof hair,but uncountablewhenreferringto the generalconditionof hairon theheadCHAPTER03The caseofanounPositive casePositivecase ExceptionsItis usedto show session orFor regularnouns,positive casesareownership Itis formed by addingsto formedby addingattheend of thethe endof the noun For example,VS regularform of the nounFor example,Johns carmeans the car belongs to the students homemeans theJohnhome belongs tothestudentsDouble geneticDoubleactiveIt is usedto showsession or ownershipof something that belongsto someoneelse Itisformed byusing boththe positive case andthe positive case togetherFor example,Johnsfriends carmeans thecar belongstoafriend of JohnsExceptionsWhen thepositivecaseandthepositivecaseare usedtogether with a PluralNoun,only thepositivecase is used For example,thestudentsfriends housemeans the house belongstoa friendof oneof thestudentsOf+noun passivecaseOf+non passivecase ExceptionsItisusedtoshowsessionorownership Whenthe positionof andthe likelyofsomethingthatbelongstosomeone caseare usedtogether witha typicalelseItisformedbyusing theposition noun,only the likely caseisusedForof andthelikelycase togetherForexample,thehouse ofthestudentsexample,thecarofJohnmeans themeans thehouse belongsto thecarbelongstoJohn studentsCHAPTER04The natureof nounsMasculinenounMasculine nounsare typicallyMasculine nounsare commonlyassociated with maleindividuals graphicallyclassified aseitheror objects that have a commonor propertyMassachusettsqualityCommon masculinenounsareProp masculinenouns aretypicallyanimated andcan betypically names ofspecificmaleeither singularor pluralindividuals orobjectsthatareconsidered uniqueShenounShe isa personalprofessor inEnglish thatShe isused inplace ofa femalename ortypicallyrefers toa femaleindividual nounto avoidusing thegeneric heor itpronounsSheis alsoused inplace offemale nounsin Theuseofshe asa pronounhas beensome cases wherethe genderofthenoun iscontroversial insomecases,as itcan beseennot knownor doesnot matteras sex or exclusionaryto thosewho donotidentify asfemaleNeutral nounNeutral nounsarethat doNeutralnounscanbeSome commonneutral Propertyneutral nounsnothaveamasculinine oreither commonor proper,nouns includewords likecanbenamesofspecificfeminine genderand theyare typicallytable,car,and dog.objects orideas thatareassociated withthem usedto referto objectsor notassociatedwithaideas thatare notspecific gender,such asassociatedwithaspecific companyor country.genderCHAPTER05The PluralForm NounsThetypical formof rulesTheusual ofnouns ends in-sor-es Forexample,catbehaviors cats,box behaviorsboxesIf thenoun endsin-ch,-sh,-xor-z,the usualadditionsare-es Forexample,watch behaviorswatches,washbehaviors Ifthenounendsina consistentfollowed byy,the yis usuallyreplacedby iesin theplural Forexample,city benefitscitiesIrregular regularformSome nouns have irregularregular formsthat donotfollow theregular rulesForexample,man benefitsmen,child benefitschildrenThese irregularplural formsneed tobe memorizedandused correctlyin contextSingularand pluralhomomorphic nounsSomenounshavethe sameformin boththe singularand pluralForexample,sheet singularandplural ordeep singularandpluralIt isimportanttoknow whichnounsare homologousand whicharenot whenusing theminwriting orspeakingTHANKS[感谢观看]。