乳腺疾病课件-英文版

Breast DiseaseCourseware-English Version•introduction•Basic knowledgeof breastcontents•Diagnosis of breast diseases•Treatment of breast diseases目录•Prevention andcontrol of breastcancer•Rehabilitation andnursing ofbreast diseasesCHAPTER01introductionCourse objectivesToprovide anoverview ofbreast Toincrease awarenessanddiseases andtheir diagnosis,understanding ofbreast cancertreatment,and management.and itsimpact onindividuals andsociety.To enhanceknowledge andskills Topromote evidence-basedin breast cancer prevention,early practiceand multidisciplinarydetection,and survivorship.teamwork inbreast diseasemanagement.Course outlineModule2Module4Breast Cancer:Non-CancerousRisk Factors,Breast DiseasesScreening,andDiagnosisModule1Module3Module5Breast Cancer:Breast DiseaseIntroductiontoTreatment andPrevention andBreastDiseasesManagement SurvivorshipCHAPTER02Basic knowledgeofbreastBreast anatomyBreaststructurebreasts aremainly composedofMammary glandsmammary glands,nipples,andsurrounding connective tissue.mammaryglandsare themainfunctional unitof the breast,producing milkand secretingitthrough thenipple.Nipplesnipples arethe openingsof theConnective tissuemammaryglands,used forfeedinginfants.connectivetissueis thesupportingstructure of the breast,providing stabilityand elasticity.Breast PhysiologyBreastdevelopmentbreast developmentoccurs duringpuberty,whenmammary glandsundergo proliferationand differentiation.Milk productionmammaryglands producemilk inresponse tohormonalsignals fromthe pituitarygland andovarian hormones.Lactationlactation isthe processof milkproduction andsecretion,which occursafter childbirth.Classification ofbreast diseasesBenignbreast diseasesthese include fibrocysticbreastdisease,galactorrhea,and lactationalbreastabscess.Malignant breastdiseasestheseincludebreast cancer,ductal carcinomain situ,and lobularcarcinomain situ.CHAPTER03Diagnosis ofbreastdiseasesMammographyMammography is a low-dose It is recommendedfor Mammographycan identifyX-ray examination of thewomen overthe ageof40suspicious lesionsor massesbreastthat candetect earlyand shouldbe doneat leastin thebreast andis crucialforsigns ofbreast cancer.once ayear.early diagnosis.Breast ultrasoundexaminationBreast ultrasoundIt is particularly useful for Breastultrasound candetectexamination useshigh-women withdense breastcysts,solid masses,and otherfrequencysound wavesto tissueor ifmammography abnormalitiesin thebreast.create imagesof thebreast.results areunclear.Breast MRIexaminationBreast MRIexamination usesmagnetic resonanceimaging tocreate detailedimagesof thebreast.It is often usedas afollow-up examafter mammographyor ultrasoundtofurther evaluatesuspicious lesions.Breast MRIisparticularlyusefulforwomen athigh risk ofbreast cancer orthosewho havea familyhistory ofbreast cancer.Other diagnosticmethodsOther diagnosticmethods includeBiopsy involvesremoving asample Fineneedle aspirationand corebiopsy,fine needleaspiration,and oftissue forpathological needlebiopsy involveaspiratingcore needlebiopsy.examination toconfirm thecells froma suspiciouslesion forpresenceof cancer cells.cytological examination.CHAPTER04Treatment ofbreastdiseasesDrug therapy•Hormonal Therapy:This therapy uses hormonesto treatbreastdiseases,especially breast cancer.It canbe usedto reduceestrogenlevels in the body,which canslow thegrowth ofcancer cells.Commonhormonal therapiesinclude tamoxifenand aromataseinhibitors.•Chemotherapy:Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill orslow thegrowth ofcancer cellsinthebreast.It isoften usedincombination with other therapies,such assurgery orradiation therapy.Common chemotherapydrugs forbreast cancer includedoxorubicin,cyclophosphamide,and paclitaxel.•Targeted Therapy:Targeted therapyusesdrugsthat targetspecific proteinsor genesthat areinvolved inthegrowth andspread ofcancercells.Trastuzumab Herceptinisacommon targetedtherapy usedfor breastcancerthat targetsthe HER2protein.Surgical treatmentBreastConserving SurgeryBCS:Mastectomy:Mastectomy isa AxillaryNode Dissection:ThisBCS isa typeof surgerythat surgicalprocedure thatremoves surgeryis performedto removeremovesthe canceroustissue theentire breast.It isusually lymphnodes fromthe armpitwhilepreserving asmuch ofthe recommendedfor largertumors areato determineif thecancerhealthy breasttissue aspossible.or incases whereBCS isnot hasspread tothe lymphaticIt isoftenfollowed byradiation feasible.Mastectomy canbe system.It isoften doneintherapy to reduce the risk ofperformed withor withoutcombination withbreastrecurrence.reconstruction surgeryto restoreconserving surgeryorthe appearanceofthebreast.mastectomy.Other treatmentmethodsRadiation TherapyHyperthermia ImmunotherapyTherapyRadiationtherapyuseshigh-Hyperthermia therapyuses heatImmunotherapy usesthe bodysenergyx-rays orother typesof tokill cancercells ormake themimmune systemto attackcancerradiation tokill cancercells andmore sensitiveto radiationor cells.It isstill beingstudied inshrinktumors.Itisoften usedchemotherapy.Itisoften usedin clinicaltrials forbreastcancer,butafter breastconserving surgeryor combinationwithothertherapies someearly resultsshow promisemastectomytokillany remainingto treatbreastcancer.in treatingcertain typesofbreastcancercells andreduce therisk ofcancer.recurrence.CHAPTER05Prevention andcontrolof breastcancerPrevention ofbreast cancerHealthylifestyle habitsEatinga balanceddiet,exercising regularly,andmaintaining ahealthy weightcan reduce theriskofbreast cancer.Limiting alcoholintakeDrinking alcoholin moderationor avoidingitentirely mayhelp preventbreastcancer.BreastfeedingBreastfeeding mayreducetheriskofbreast cancerinwomen whohave previouslygiven birth.Early detectionand screeningofbreastcancerSelf-examinationWomen shouldperform monthlyself-1examinations tocheck forany changesinthe breasttissue.Clinical breastexaminationRoutine clinicalbreast examinationsby a2healthcare providercan helpdetect breastcancerearly.MammographyMammography isa low-dose X-ray3examinationofthebreastthat candetectbreast cancerat anearly stage.Publicity,education andpsychological supportofbreast cancerPublicityand education01Increasing publicawareness aboutbreastcancerand itspreventionand treatmentmethods isessential.Psychological support02Breast cancersurvivors andtheir familiesmay needemotionalsupport tocope withthe diagnosisandtreatment.Support groups03Support groupscan providea safespace forsurvivors toshareexperiences andoffer mutualsupport.CHAPTER06Rehabilitation andnursingof breastdiseasesrehabilitationtrainingPhysical RehabilitationProvide patients withphysical exercises to enhancemuscle strength,balance,and flexibility.Breathing ExercisesTeachpatients breathingexercisestoimprove respiratoryfunction andreduceshortness ofbreath.Pain ManagementIntroducepain managementtechniques suchas relaxation,heat/cold therapy,and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Diet andNutritionDietary Balance01Encourage patientsto maintaina balanceddiet richin wholegrains,fruits,vegetables,lean protein,and healthyfats.Weight Management02Advise patientson weightmanagement strategiestoreducetherisk ofrecurrence andimprove overallhealth.Dietary Supplements03Consider dietarysupplements likeomega-3fatty acids,vitaminsD and钙to supportbreast health.Psychological careand rehabilitation guidanceMental HealthPsychotherapy RehabilitationScreeningGuidanceScreen patientsfor anxiety,Refer patientsfor cognitiveProvidepatientswithbehavioral therapyor otherdepression,and otherrehabilitationguidanceonpsychotherapies tohelpmental healthissues andreturning towork,resumingthem copewith theprovideappropriate hobbies,and otheractivitiesemotional impactof breastreferrals.of dailyliving.cancer.THANKSFORWATCHING感谢您的观看。