焊接专业英语术语词汇中英文对照

焊接专业英语术语词汇中英文对照焊接的分类⑴熔化焊接Fusion welding如手工电弧焊SMAW:Shielded metalarc welding埋弧焊SAW:Submerged arcwelding笆极惰性气体保护电弧焊TIG:Tungsten Inert-Gas arcwelding熔化极惰性气体保护电弧焊MIG:metal Inert-gas arcwelding⑵压力焊接Pressure welding如冷压焊Cold welding摩擦焊Friction welding扩散焊Diffusion welding爆炸焊Explosive welding钎焊软钎焊硬钎焊3Soldering/Brazing如电阻钎焊resistance brazingdecreasement,so theenlargementof areswing makesthe increasementof weldwidth.Meanwhile,asthe growthof arc,the lostof archeat qualitybecomes larger,so theheatquality which is usedto fusebase metaland weldstickdecreases,the weldwidth and weld reinforcementdecreasescomparatively.、焊接速度3welding speed焊接速度对焊缝厚度和焊缝宽度有明显的影响，当焊接速度增加时，焊缝厚度和宽度都大为下降，这是因为焊接速度增加时，焊缝中单位时间内输入的热量减少The welding speed haveevident effectionon weld depth andweldwidth,when weldingspeed is added,both weld depth andweldwidth will decrease,for theinputed heatper timeis limited.、其它因素4

①电极直径和焊丝外伸:electrode diameterand weldingstick outsideelongation

②电极焊丝倾角elecrodestick obliquity

③焊件倾角:welding partsobliquity

④坡口形状:groove shape5保护气体成分:elements ofprotective gas6焊剂:welding flux7母材的化学成分:elements ofbasic metaleration.焊接电弧welding arc电弧是一种空气导电的现象，在两极间强烈而持久的放电现象称为电弧Arc isphenomenon ofelectric conductivityin theatmosphere,thefierce andpermanent phenomenonof electricitydischarge is calledarc.、弓弧法1I arc generation technique接触短路弓弧法1I arcgeneration technique of shortcircuitcontaction2高压脉冲引弧法arcgenerationtechniqueofhigh voltagepulse

2、焊接电弧的组成the constituitionof weldingarc1B日极区anode area2阴极区cathode area3弧柱区arc polearea焊接应力与变形1s内应力内应力是在没有外力条件下平衡于物体内部的应力Inner stress:Inner stressis thestress whichbalances theobjectinterior withoutexterior stress.

2、变形物体在某些外界条件下的影响下，发生形状和尺寸的变化Deformation:The objecthas changementsof shapeand dimensionundersome influencesof outsideconditions.变形的分类自由变形free deformation;外观变形visual deformation;内部变开inner deformation、焊接残余变形的分类3welding residual deformation1纵向收缩变形构件焊后在焊缝方向上发生的收缩Longitudinal contractiondeformation:The componentcontracts inthe weld directionafter weiding.⑵横向收缩变形构件焊后在垂直焊缝方向上发生的收缩Transverse/cross/lateral contractiondeformation:The componentcontractsin theupright directionof weldafter weiding.⑶弯曲变形构件焊后朝一侧弯曲的变形Bending deformation:The componentbends inone sideafterwelding.⑷其它1角变形:angular deformation2波浪变形:wave-like deformation3错边变形mismatching deformation

④扭曲变形deflection deformation焊接残余变形的因素the reasonsof welding residualdeformation、焊接位置如果焊缝在结构布置对称，焊接顺序合理时，则主要1产生纵向收缩和横向收缩变形，反之，则要发生弯曲变形Welding position:If the configuration collocationof weld issymmetry and the welding sequence isreasonable,the longitudinalcontractionand transverselateral contractiondeformation areusuallyproduced,incontrast thebending deformationis usuallyproduced.、结构刚性结构抵抗变形的能力叫冈！］性刚性大的结构焊后变形小结2构的刚性取决于结构截面的形状、尺寸和布置，截面积越大，长度越短，刚性越大Configuration rigidity:The capability of resistingdeformation ofconfigurationis calledrigidity,.theconfigurationwhose rigidityislarge has less deformation.The rigidityof configurationdepends ontheshape dimensionand collocationof configurationsecyion,if thezsecyionis largeand thelength isshorter,the rigiditywill be larger.、装配一焊接顺序将结构总装后进行焊接，由于结构刚性增加，可以减3少焊后变形Assembly—welding sequence:The configurationwhich had beenwhole assembledcan decreasewelding deformationforconfiguration rigidityhadbeenadded.、坡口长度和形式焊缝越长，焊接变形越大，坡口内空间越大，变形越4大Groove lengthand shape:If the weld islonger orthe thevacuum ofgroove is larger,the weldingdeformation willbe larger.

5、焊接线能量焊接线能量越大，焊接变形越大Welding energy definition:If theWelding energydefinition islarger,the weldingdeformation willbelargertoo.控制焊接残余变形的措施The measuresof controlwelding residualdeformation.

1、设计措施正确的设计方案是控制变形的根本措施Design measure:The rightdesign schemeis thebasical measuretocontrol thedeformation.1选用合理的焊缝尺寸增大焊缝尺寸，变形也会变大旦过小的焊缝尺寸，将降低裂纹的承载能力，使接头的冷却速度加快Choosing thereasonable weld dimension:The defornationwill beincreasedwhen welddimension is added;but ifthe welddimensionis toosmall,it willdecrease reduce the loadabilityof weld andquickenthe coolingspeed ofjoint⑵尽可能的减少焊缝数量适当选择板壁的厚度，可减少焊后变形矫正量Decrease the weld numberas possible:Choosing therightthickness ofsteel platecan reducethe rectificationamount afterwelding!3合理安排焊缝位置Arrange theweld positionreasonably:4预留收缩余量:Remain thecontraction inadvance.⑸留出焊接夹具的位置Remain theposition of welding clampinadvance.控制焊接残余变形的措施The measuresof controlweldingresidualdeformation.、工艺措施2Procedure measure1选择合理的装配一焊接顺序Selecting theright assembly—welding sequence.不同的装配一焊接顺序，焊后产生不同的残余变形，一般是先点固，再进行对称焊接Different assembly—weldingsequencemay resultdifferent risidualdeformation,we usuallytake fixupby spotwelding first,then takeweldingsymmetrically.⑵选择合理的焊接顺序Selecting theright weldingsequence.

①采用对称焊接Take symmetricalwelding.2焊缝不对称时先焊焊缝少的一侧When theweldisnot symmetrical,we shouldweld theside whichhaslessweld.3选择合理的焊接方向Selecting theright weldingdirection.从中间向两端逐步退焊法变形最小，采用逐段跳焊法也可以减少变形Take welding from middleto bothends stepby stepmay havetheleast deformation,or takeweldingfromone sectionto anotherstepby stepmay alsoreducethedeformation.4反变形法anti-deformation

⑤刚性固定法rigidity fixedmethod

⑥选择合适的线能量Selecting theright weldingenergydefinition焊后残余变形的矫正方法L机械矫正法机械矫正法是利用机械力的作用来矫正变形，可以用手工锤击或机械压力Machine rectification:Machine rectificationis usingmachine powertorectify deformation,which can be takenby handhammering ormachinepressure.、火焰加热矫正法火焰加热矫正法是利用火焰局部加热时产生的塑性变2形，使较长的金属在冷却后收缩，以达到矫正的目的火焰采用氧一乙快火焰或其它可燃气体火焰，这种方法设备简单，操作容易，但难度较大Flame rectification:Flame rectificationis usingplasticity rectificationofsome partswhich iscaused byheating offlame tomake themetalcontraction aftercooling,by whichthe purposeofrecitification canachieved.The flameuse oxyacetyleneor otherburntgases,for thismethod,the equipmentis simple,theoperation is easy,but thedifficulty islarge.火焰钎焊torch brazing/soldering其它常用焊接热压焊:hot pressurewelding电渣焊:electroslag welding电子束焊electron beamwelding电阻焊:resistance welding点焊:Spot weld注释除非有特殊工作的可能要多了解其它的，一般焊接的基本英语知识掌握这些就可以了，多了反而不好记忆焊缝接头Welded joint、常用焊接接头对接接头搭接接头;角接接头1Butt joint;Lap jointFilitweld;型接头T T-joint/Tee joint;最常用的是:对接接头Butt jointis the most used one、对接接头两焊件端面相对平行的接头2The jointwhose weldingsuefacesof bothwelding partsare parallelis calledbutt joint.不开坡口的对接接头

2.1Butt jointwithout groove薄钢板的焊接

2.

1.1Weiling ofthin steelsheets如果产品在厚度方向上不要求全焊透，可进行单面焊接，应必须保证焊缝的计算厚度为板厚如果要求产品在整个厚度上全部焊透，可在焊H

0.76,b缝背面用碳弧气刨清跟后再进行焊接，即形成不开坡口的双面焊接对接接头If theproduct doesnt needfull penetration of welding,we cantakesingle-side welding,and mustmake surethat thecaculatingthickness ismore thanor equalto

0.7S8is thethickness ofsteelsheets,If full penetrationof welding needed,we canuse carbonarcgougingto backchipping atthe backof weld,after whichweidingcan betaken,than thedouble-faced weldingbutt jointwithout groove isformed.厚钢板的焊接

2.

1.2Weiling ofthick steelsheets开坡口的对接接头，用于钢板较厚而需要全焊透的焊件Butt jointwith groove is usedfor thickwelding partswhich isneededfull penetrationof welding坡口Groove坡口的几何尺寸

1.Geometrical dimensionof groove坡口面

1.1Groove face/surface焊件的坡口表面叫坡口面The surface of grooveis namedgroove face坡口面的角度和坡口角度

1.2groove face angle andgroove angle焊件表面的垂直面与坡口之间的夹角叫做坡口面角度The anglebetweenthe verticalsurfaceof the weldingpart andthe grooveis calledgroove faceangle.两个坡口之间的角度叫做坡口角度The anglebetween thetwo groovefacesis calledgrooveface.根部间隙

1.3Root opening/clearance在焊接前，接头根部之间留的预留的空隙叫根部间隙，根部间隙的作用在焊接打底焊道时，能保障根部可以焊透The clearanceobligated forjointbefore weldingis calledroot opning,whose functionis tokeep therootcanbefullpenetrationwelded whenbacking weldis welded.钝边焊件开坡口时，沿焊件方向未开坡口的端面部分叫钝

1.4Root face边When grooveis made,the facewithoutgroovealong theweidingpart directionis calledroot face根部半径在型、型坡口底部的半径叫根部半径

1.5Root radiusJ UTheradius atthe bottomof theJ-groove orV-grooveiscalled rootradius.坡口的形式

1.6根据坡口形状的不同，长用的有型不开坡口，型，型，型；I VX UFor the differentof grooveshape,we canclassify thegroovemainly intoI-groovewithoutgroove,v-groove X-groove,U-groove.z型坡口是最常用的坡口形式，便于加工，焊接时为单面焊，不用翻转焊件，V但焊后容易变形V-grooveisthemostusedone.whichiseasy tomachine andnoturn isneeded,but distortioniseasyto form坡口的加工

1.7常用方法氧气切割碳弧气刨oxygen cutting,carbon arcgouging,刨削，车削planingturning氧气切割应用最广泛的一种，有手工、办自动、自动三种方法oxygen cutting:The mostused onejnludingmannul,semi-automatic andautomatic op焊健weld焊缝的分类对接焊缝，角焊缝，塞焊缝

1.butt weldfillet weldplugweld,端接焊缝edge weld焊缝的形状与尺寸

2.焊缝尺寸焊缝的尺寸用一系列几何尺寸来表示

2.1welddimension:The dimensionofweldis definedby aseries ofgeometricaldimensions.焊缝宽度i weldwidth⑵余高weld reinforcement熔深3depth ofpenetration焊缝厚度4welddepth⑸角焊缝的形状和尺寸The shapean dimensionof filletjoint角焊缝的形状和尺寸的表示参数

①焊缝计算高度weld caculatinghight

②焊缝凸度weld convexity

③焊缝凸度weld concavity⑹焊缝成型系数The coefficientofweldmoulding焊接工艺参数对焊缝成型的影响The affectionofweldingprocedure parameterto weldformation焊接工艺参数焊接时，为保证焊接质量而选定的诸物理量如焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接速度、线能量等的总称叫焊接工艺参数Welding procedureparameter:The floorboardof allphysicaltermsas weidingcurrent,arc voltage,weldingspeed,energydefinitions andso onwhichare selectedto ansurethe weldingqualitywhen weldingis takeniscalledwelding procedureparameter

1、焊接电流当其它条件不变时，增加焊接电流，则焊缝宽度和厚度都增加，而焊缝宽度几乎保持不边其原因是Welding current:When theother conditionsdon t change,if theweldcurrent is added boththewelddepth andweld reinforcementzwill increase,theweldwidth almostwill not change.The reasonsare:1焊接电流增加时，电弧的热量增加，因此熔池体积和弧坑深度都随电流增加，所以冷却下来后，焊缝厚度就增加When thewelding currentis added,the quality of heatofthearcwill increase,so boththe volumeof molten puddle andthe depthofarc crater will allincrease,andthewelddepthwill increasewhen theweldis cooling.⑵焊接电流增加时，焊丝的熔化量也增加，因此焊缝的余高也随之增加When thewelding currentisadded,the fusionqualityofweldingstick willincrease,so theweld reinforcementalso willincrease.⑵焊接电流增加时，一方面是电弧截面略有增加，导致熔宽增加，另一方面是电流增加促使弧坑深度增加由于电压没有改变，所以弧厂也不变，导致电弧潜入熔池，使电弧摆动范围缩小，就是促使容熔宽减小由于两者的共同作用，实际上熔宽几乎保持不变When thewelding currentisadded,on theone hand,the sectionofarc willmore orless increase,so the fusion width willincrease;onthe otherhand,the depthof arccraterwillincrease.Forthewelding7voltage doesntchange,so thearc lengthalso willnotchange,andthe arcwill penetrateinto themoltenpuddle,which willmake theswingrange small,so thefusion widthwilldecrease.By thebotheffection,thefusionwidth isalmost notchanged practically.、电弧电压当其它条件不变时，电弧电压增大，焊缝宽度显著增加而焊缝2和余高将略有减少这是因为电弧电压增加意味着电弧的长度增加，因此电弧摆动范围扩大而导致焊缝宽度增加同时，电弧增长后，电弧的热量损失加大，所以用来熔化母材和焊丝的热量减少，相对焊缝宽度和余高就略有减少Arc voltage::When theother conditionsdon tchange,the arcvoltageisadded,theweldwidthwillincrease notably,but thewelddepthandweldreinforcement willdecrease smally.This isbeacausethat thethe addationof arcvoltage meansthe。