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英语演讲指纹透露的信息,超乎你的想象TED我们的指纹令我们独一无二,但它们也是揭露我们的行为,生活形态和日常生活信息的一个隐秘世界在这个演讲中,化学家展示Simona了她如何使用质谱仪来追踪分子,这种技术可以利用过去不可见的细节来分析指纹,如何帮助警察抓捕罪犯下面是我为大家收集关于英语演TED讲指纹透露的信息,超乎你的想象,欢迎借鉴参考演说题目指纹透露的信息,超乎你的想象!演说者Simona Francese(演讲稿)Do you ever stopand think,during aromantic dinner,Ive justleftmy fingerprintsall overmy wineglass.在进行浪漫晚餐的时候,你们有没有停下来想想,“我刚在红酒杯上留满了指纹”Or doyoueverworry,when youvisit afriend,about leavingalittle piece of youbehind onevery surfacethat youtouch或者你有没有担心,当你(拜访)朋友时,在每一个触碰中留下的那一丝痕迹?And eventhis evening,have youpaid anyattention topatterns.这样做,这就是我们如何分离这两种喳线类型的(方法)And this is reallyimportant because the policenow areableto identifyone of the twofingerprints,这真是非常重要,因为警察现在就可以鉴定两个指纹中的一个,which actuallycorresponds toKatie.其中正好和凯蒂的是相对应的And theyvebeen able to sayso becausetheyve comparedthe twoseparateimages withone takenposthumously fromKatie.他们现在可以这样说,是因为他们把这两张分开的图片跟死后的凯蒂上拍到的做了对比So now,we canconcentrate onone fingerprintonly一一that ofthekillers.所以现在,我们可以聚焦在只有一个指纹上了一属于凶手的・So then,step two••where are these threemolecules thatIveseen然后,步骤我所见过的这三个分子在哪里?
2...Well,lets interrogatethe software一一show mewhere theyare.好吧,让我们来查一下软件一告诉我它们在哪里And bydoing this,only portionsof theimage of thekillers fingerprintshow up.通过这样做,只有凶手的部分指纹出现了In otherwords,those substancesare onlypresent in thekillers print.换句话说,这些物质只存在于凶手的指纹中So nowour molecularfindings startmatching verynicely thepoliceintelligence aboutThomson,所以现在我们的分子发现开始很好地匹配警察掌握的关于汤姆森的情报,should thatfingerprint belongto him.那指纹应该属于他But the reality isthat thatprint isstill notgood enoughto make anidentification.但事实是这个指纹仍然不够好去做鉴定Step three:since we can generatehundreds ofimages of thesame fingerprint,why dontwe superimposethem,步骤既然我们可以生成数百张相同指纹的图像,我们为什么3:不把它们叠加起来呢,and bydoing so,try toimprove therich patternof continuityandclarity通过这样做,试着改善连续性和清晰性的丰富模式Thats theresult.Striking.We nowhave avery clearimageof the fingerprint and the policecan runit throughthe database.这就是结果非常惊人我们现在有了指纹的清晰图像,警察已经可以在数据库中检索了The matchcomes outto Thomson.Thomson isour killer.匹配结果显示是汤姆森汤姆森就是凶手Katie,the suspectsand thecircumstances of the crimearentreal,凯蒂、犯罪嫌疑人和犯罪现场都不是真实的,but thestory containselements oftherealpolice caseworkwevebeen confrontedwith,但这个(故事)包含了我们所遇到的真正的警察案件的元素,and is a compositeoftheintelligence that we canprovide一一that wehave beenable toprovide the police.而这也包含了我们所能提供给警察的情报信息的组合And Imreally,really thrilledthat afternine yearsof intenseresearch,在年的深入研究后,我真的真的非常激动,9as of2021,we areabletocontribute topoliceinvestigations.在年,我们能够对警方的调查做出贡献2021Mine isno longera dream;its agoal.Were going to dothiswider andwider,bigger andbigger,我的梦想不再是梦想;它是个目标我们要做得越来越广,越来越大,and weregoingtoknow moreabout thesuspect,and weregoingto buildan identikit.我们要了解更多嫌疑人的信息,我们要建立一个身份证明I believethisisalso anew erafor criminalprofiling.我相信这也是犯罪档案的新时代The workofthecriminologist drawson theexpert recognitionofbehavioral patternsthat have been observedbefore犯罪学家的工作利用了将过去观察过的行为模式to belongto acertain type,to acertain profile.归属于特定类型和画像的专家认可As opposedto thisexpert butsubjective evaluation,weretrying todo the same thing,相对于专家这种主观评估,我们在试图做同样的事情,but from the molecularmakeup ofthefingerprint,andthetwocan worktogether.但从指纹的分子结构去看,这两者可以一起工作I didsay thatmolecules arestorytellers,我说过分子是讲故事的,so informationon yourhealth,your actions,yourlifestyle,your routines,theyre allthere,accessible inafingerprint.所以关于你的健康信息,你的行为,你的生活形态,你的日常生活,它们全在那里,可通过指纹获取And molecules are thestorytellers ofour secretsin justatouch.Thank you.只需轻轻触碰,分子是我们秘密的说书人谢谢相关(文章)英语演讲视频三分钟中学生
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5.tedsit withouttouching anything即便今天晚上,你们坐下时有没有留意不触碰任何东西?Well,youre notalone.Thankfully,criminals underestimatethepower offingerprints,too.好吧,并不只是你们如此谢天谢地,犯罪分子也低估了指纹的力量And Imnot justtalking aboutthe twistedparting oflines thatmakeour fingerprintunique.我说的可不只是那一条条让我们的指纹独一无二的扭曲线条Im talkingabout anentire worldof informationhiding inasmall,often invisiblething.我谈论的是整个隐藏在微小、常常不可见的物体中的信息世界In fact,fingerprints aremade upof molecules that belongtothree classes:事实上,组成指纹的分子可以分为三大类・sweat molecules that weall producein verydifferent amounts••我们产生的数量非常不同的汗液分子...moleculesthat we introduceinto ourbody andthen wesweat outandmoleculesthatwe maycontaminate ourfingertips with进入我们体内然后排出去的分子和污染我们指尖的分子,when wecome acrosssubstances likeblood,paint,grease,but alsoinvisible substances.在我们遇到像血液、油漆、油脂那样的物质时,但也有不可见的物质And molecules arethestorytellers ofwho weare andwhat wevebeenup to.分子是我们是谁和我们一直所从事的事的说书人We justneed tohave theright technologytomake them talk.我们只是需要有合适技术让它们开口说话So letme takeyou on a journeyof unthinkablecapabilities.所以,让我带你们踏上这段不可思议的能力之旅Katie has been rapedand herlifeless bodyhasbeenfound inthewoods threedays later,after herdisappearance.凯蒂被强奸了,她的尸体在她失踪后的三天在树林里被发现The policeis targetingthree suspects,警方锁定了三个嫌疑人,having narroweddown thesearch fromover20men whohad beenseenin thatarea onthe sameday.已从案发当天被目击路过那片区域的超过人中缩减而来20The onlypieceofevidence istwo veryfaint,overlappingfingerprints onthe tapethat wasfound wrappedaround Katiesneck.唯一的证据是缠在凯蒂脖子的带子上面发现的两个非常模糊的、重叠的指纹Often,faint andoverlapping fingerprintscannot helpthepolice tomake anidentification.通常情况下,模糊和重叠的指纹对警方鉴定没有帮助And untilrecently,this might havebeenthe endoftheroad,but thisis wherewe canmakethedifference.直至最近,这可能还是走不通,但这是我们可以发挥作用的地方The tapeis sentto ourlabs,where wereasked touse ourcutting-edge technologyto helpwith theinvestigation.带子送到了我们实验室,我们被要求使用最尖端技术来帮助调查And here,we usean existingform ofmass spectrometryimagingtechnology在这里,我们使用了一种现成的质谱成像技术,thatwehave furtherdeveloped andadapted specificallyforthe molecularand imaginganalysis offingerprints.我们已经专门针对指纹的分子和成像分析做了进一步的开发和适配In essence,we firea UVlaser at the print,原理上,我们朝指纹发射一束紫外激光,and wecausethedesorption ofthe moleculesfromtheprint,ready tobe capturedby the mass spectrometer.去引发指纹上的分子解吸,为被质谱仪捕获做好准备Mass spectrometrymeasures theweight ofthe molecules一一or aswe say,themass质谱法测量分子的重量一或者如我们所说,质量,and thosenumbers thatyou seethere,they indicatethat mass.你看到的这些数字,它们表示质量But morecrucially,they indicatewho thosemoleculesare但更关键的是,它们表示这些分子是谁,whether Imseeing paracetamolor somethingmore sinister,forensically speaking.我看到的是对乙酰氨基酚或是从法医证物角度来说更罪恶的东西We appliedthis technologyto theevidence thatwe haveand we foundthe presenceof condomlubricants.我们对证物采用这个技术并从中发现了避孕套的润滑剂In fact,weve developedprotocols thatenable usto evensuggestwhat brandof condommighthavebeen used.事实上,我们开发了一套流程让我们甚至可以知道使用什么牌子的避孕套So wepass this information to thepolice,于是我们把这个信息传达给警方,who,meanwhile,have obtaineda searchwarrant and they foundthesame brandof condomin Daltonspremises.警方,同时已经取得了搜查证并在道尔顿的房子里发现了同样牌子的避孕套And withDalton andThomson alsohaving recordsfor sexualassaults,鉴于道尔顿和汤姆森也有性侵犯的记录,then itis Chapmanthat maybecome theless likely suspect.那么,查普曼就不太可能成为嫌疑人But isthis informationenough tomake anarrest但这个信息足够去逮捕人了吗?Of coursenot,and weare askedto delvedeeper withourinvestigation.当然不够,我们被要求深入我们的调查So wefound out,also,the presenceof othertwo veryinterestingmolecules.于是我们也发现了另外两个非常有趣的分子的存在One isan antidepressant,and oneisavery specialmolecule.一种是抗抑郁药,另一种是非常特殊的分子你指纹透露的信息超乎你的想象It onlyforms inyour bodyif youdrink alcoholand consumecocaineatthesame time.如果你同时喝酒和吸食可卡因,只会在你的身体中形成And alcoholis knownto potentiatethe effectsof cocaine,众所周知,酒精会增强可卡因的作用,so here,we nowhave ahint onthe stateof mindof theindividualwhilst perpetratingthe crime.所以在这儿,我们现在有了一个关于个人心理状态的提示We passedthisinformationtothepolice,andtheyfound outthat,actually,Thomson isa drugaddict,我们把信息传递给警方,他们发现,事实上汤姆森是个瘾君子,and healso hasa medicalrecord forpsychotic episodes,forwhich presumablythe antidepressantwas prescribed.而且他也有精神病发的医疗记录,大概是用抗抑郁药开的处方So nowThomson becomesthe morelikelysuspect.所以现在汤姆森成为了更有可能的嫌疑人But thereality isthat Istill dontknow wherethese moleculesarecoming from,但事实是,我仍然不知道这些分子是从哪里来的,from whichfingerprint,and whothose twofingerprints belongto.来自谁的指纹,这两个指纹属于谁的Fear not.Mass spectrometryimaging canhelp usfurther.不要害怕质谱成像可以帮助我们更进一步In fact,the technologyis sopowerful thatwe cansee wherethesemoleculesareon afingerprint.事实上,这个技术是如此强大,我们可以看到这些分子在指纹上的位置Like yousee inthis video,every singleone ofthose peakscorrespondsto amass,every massto amolecule,如这个视频中所看到,每一个波峰都对应一个质量,每一个质量对应一个分子,andwecan interrogatethe software,by selectingeach ofthosemolecules,我们可以通过选择每一个分子,并查询这个软件,as towhere theyare presentonafingermark.来了解它们在一个手指上的位置And someimages arenot veryrevealing,some arebetter,some arereally good.有些照片不能说明问题,有些更好些,有些真的很好And wecan createmultiple images ofthesame mark一一in theory,hundreds ofimagesofthesamefingerprint我们可以创建相同标记的多个图像一理论上,对于我们检测到的很多分子,for asmany ofthe moleculesthatwehave detected.可以创建同个指纹的上百张图像So stepone...for overlappingfingerprints,chances are,所以步骤对于重叠的指纹,很大可能性是,
1...especially ifthey comefrom differentindividuals,that themolecularcomposition isnot identical,特别是如果它们来自不同的个体,分子组成是不一样的,so letsask thesoftware tovisualize thoseunique moleculesjustpresent inone fingermarkand notintheother one.让我们让软件来可视化这些只在一个手指上,而不在另一个手指上的独特分子By doingso,thats howwecanseparate thetwo ridge。
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