新课堂英语必修三外研版讲义Module3SectionⅡ

Section11Grammar过去完成时的被动语态；间接引语［思维导用法1用于told,said,thought等动词后的宾语从句中过图］去的完被用法2用于before,when,by thetime引导的时间状语从句中谓语是一般过去时，以及by,before成态后面接过去的时间时时用法3用于It wasthe first/second...time that...句型中过去完成时的被动语态H陈述句的转疾

1.构成had+been+过去分词间接

2.用法引1表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经语完成了的被动动作常用于before,after,by thetime,when等引导状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时，以及by,before,until+过去的时间点By thetime hegot tothe school,the firstperiod had been finished.等他到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了How manybuildings hadbeen destroyedwhen thehurricane ended飓风结束的时候，有多少座大楼被毁坏了？一2在told,said,knew,heard,thought,found等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态He heardthat the tickets had already beensold out.他听说票已售完The newspaperreported more than1,000people hadbeen killed in thehurricane.报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生first/second...timefirst/second...time that…句型中此句型主句用一般过去时，that引导的从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时It wasthe thirdtime that he hadbeen beatenblack andblue.那是他第三次被打得青一块紫一块的直接弓|语和间接弓|语直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫做间接引语直接引语如改为间接引语，必须在语序、人称、时态和状语方面做相应变化

1.直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时由连词that引导Mary said to herfriend,I dontlike computers.vf Marysaidtoher friendsthat shedidnt likecomputers.

2.直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时变成if/whether引导的宾语从句They asked him,“Is iteasy toimprove thecondition ofthe soil”It iseasy toimprove thecondition ofthe soil—►They askedhim if/whether itwas easyto improvethecondition ofthe soil.

3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who,when,where,why,how等疑问词引导的宾语从句（注意从句中须是陈述语序）When doyou harvestthe wheat**they askedhim.you harvestthe wheatTheyaskedhimwhen heharvested thewheat.

4.直接引语是祈使句，变为“主语+ask/ordei7teU/beg等+宾语+动词不定式”这一句型He said,“Do itnow anddont put it off until tomorrow.v-He told me todo itthen andnot toputitoffuntilthe nextday.

5.直接引语变间接引语时的时态变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时［温馨提示］直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言时，变成间接引语时时态不变当直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时，间接引语仍然用一般过去时

6.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化this thatthesethosenow thentodaythat dayyesterdaythe daybeforelast yearthe yearbeforeago beforetomorrowthe nextdaynext monththe nextmonthhere therecomegobring take落实提升••7,间接引语一般要用陈述语序I.单句语法填空

1.The classroomhad alreadybeen cleasedcleanbefore wearrived.

2.By thetime thehurricane ended,more than700people hadbeen killedkillin it.

3.As soonas sheheard thenews thather lostbaby hadbson foundfind,the excitedmother burstintotears.

4.When Igot tothe theatre,I foundtheticketshadalreadybeen soldsellout.

5.She saidmuch workhadbeendonedo sinceshe arrivedhere.n.将直接引语变为间接引语

1.He said,“Tm afraidI cantfinish thework.vHe saidthathe was afraidhe couldntfinish thework.

2.“Is thereanything wrong,Madam”asked thepoliceman.The policemanasked thewoman whether/if theiewas anythingwrong.

3.“How longwill youstay in London”he askedme.He askedme howlong[would StayinLondon.

4.Dont makethe samemistake again,“he saidto me.He toldme notto piakethe samemistake,again.

5..She askedJohn,“Where areyou going for yoursummer holiday”She askedJohn where_hewasgoingforhis summerholiday.ni.革句改错

1.The teachertoldme that Imust paymore attentionto hispronunciation.his^my

2.It wasreported thatmorethan1,000people hadkilledinthe tornado.killed前面力口been

3.He saidthat somebridges hadwashed awayafter thestorm.had后力口been

4.The teacherasked thestudents thatthey wereinterested inEnglish.that—whether/if

5..John toldmethathe isgoing tosee thefilm asecond time.is^was。