动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词

动

一、五种根本形式:英语中实义动词和系动词有五种根本形式，原形、现在式〔用于第三人称单数〕、过去式〔用于过去时态〕、过去分同〔用于各种完成时态〕和现在分词〔用于各种进展时态〕

1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数构成规那么例同一般情况下在动词后直接加-S构eat-eats,read-reads,play-plays等成以e结尾的直接加-s write-writes,e-es,close-closes等以s,x,z,sh,ch以及字母结尾的动Watch-watches,go-es,同，后加一es finish-finishes等以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将study-studies,fly-flies等V改为i再加一es

2、规那么动词过去式、过去分词和现在分词的构成方法原形过去式和过去分词现在分词成成例同例同构成规例词那那构构那么规规么么-般turn M-ed turnedjH-ing turning情况以-e move,love只加moved,loved去掉e moving,loving结尾再加-d的-inga辅try,study应将y tried直接加trying,studying音字改为i studied-ing母加V再加结尾-ed的以元直接直接加stay,play stayedstaying,playing音字1-ed played-ing母加y结尾的以重双写双写未stop,plan stoppedstopping,planning读闭末尾尾的辅planned音节的辅音字母结尾音字再加且未母再-ing尾只Jj-ed有一个辅音字母Prefer,refer preferredpreferring,referring以「音双耳末referred节结尾尾的r双写末的再加尾的「再-ed加-ing以ie lie,die加-d lied,died将ie变lying,dying结尾DU-ing的

3、常用不规那么就同过去式和过去分词一览表原形过去式过去分词汉话翻译是amjs wasbeen是are werebeen忍受〔熊〕bear boreborn成为，变成bee becamebee开场begin beganbegun打坏，打破break brokebroken带来bring broughtbrought建筑，建立build builtbuilt买buy boughtbought揪住，抓任catch caughtcaughtcan情态动词could能，会原形过去式过去分词汉语翻译来e camee花费cost costcost砍，切cut cutcutdo助动同did donedoes助动词did done喝drink drankdrunk驾驶,开车drive drovedriven吃eat ateeaten感觉feel feltfelt发现，找到find foundfound飞行，放飞fly flewflown忘记forget forgotforgot/forg otten得到get gotgot/g otten给予，给give gavegiven走，去go wentgone成长，种植grow grewgrownhave助动词had had有has助动词had had有听见hear heardheard知道，了解know knewknown学习learn learned/learnt learned/learnt离开，留下leave leftleft借给lend lentlentlet letlet it躺下lie laylain丧失lose lostlost制造，制作make mademade遇见meet metmetmay情态动同might可以must情态动词must必须付钱,赔偿pay paidpaid放put putput读read readread骑，乘ride roderiddenring rangrung〔仲、玲〕响，鸣胞run ranrun说say saidsaid看见see sawseen卖sell soldsoldshall精态动词should将唱sing sangsung坐sit satsat原形过去式过去分词汉语翻译睡sleep sleptslept同起来，暝smell smeltsmelt说speak spokespoken拼读，拼写spell speltspelt花费，度过spend spentspent站stand stoodstood清打sweep sweptswept游泳swim swamswum带去，花费，乘take tooktook教teach taughttaught告诉tell toldtold想，思考think thoughtthought穿戴wear woreworn获胜，赢win wonwon写write wrotewrittenwill精态动词would将，愿，会laugh laughedZ,la:ft/笑喊，叫shout shouted指出，指向point pointed喜欢like likedlivelived生活，居住〔现场直播的〕看look looked步行walk walkedshowshowed给…看，显露出，说明

二、动词时态定义时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式四类一般时态、进展时态、完成时态和完成进展时态每一类时态都对应四种时间过去、现在、将来、过去将来常用8种时态一般现在时，一般过去时，一般招来时，现在进展时，i寸去拼展时,现在完成时,过去完成时和过去将来时

1、一—现在时常见颁度副词有:always〔总是，一直〕,often,usually,never,sometimes地球围绕着太阳转The earthmoves aroundthe sun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实公交车来了Here esthe bus.以here,there等开场的倒装旬，表示动作正在进展

2、一—过去时有确定的时间状话，yesterday,two daysago,last+年/月/星期,the otherday,just now,in theold days,the daybefore yesterday〔前天〕，thismorning/afternoon,at theage of+过去年龄段，when引导的状语从旬〔过去〕，at+过去时间点,in+过去的年价等

3、一般将来时常用时间副同tomorrow,soon,today,tonight Dj间状话短话nextyear/week/month,in afew days,in thefuture等o构成will/shall+动词原形，begoingto+动词原形，表示打算和预测特殊情形beto+动词原形，表示按方案或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、制止或可能性如She isto practicethe pianotomorrow.她明天将练习制琴用现在进展时表示技方案或安排将要发生的事用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事be aboutto+动词原形,表示即将要发生的事

4、现在进展时常与look,listen,now连用

5、过去进展时the wholemorning,all dayyesterday,from nineto tenlast evening,when,while等标志性同语，主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进展的动作

6、现在完成时常见时间状语always,yet,just,ever,before,these days,recently,in thepast/few时间段,since+Bt间点，for+时间段等构成have/has+动词的过去分词

7、7去完成时

8、过去将来时Would+动词原形。