混凝土质量控制中英文对照文献

中英文对照外文翻译仪档含英文原文和中文翻译浅谈清水混凝土的质量控制技术措施

一、测量放线测量放线作为先导工序应贯通于各个环节，它是保证主体结构外形尺寸满足设计要求的前提，是使主体结构达到清水混凝土的基础，在实际施工中应抓住以下几点

1、施工竖向精度1水准点埋设水准点是竖向控制的依据，要求一个施工场区内设置不少于3个，点与点间距离50lOOm,以利于互相通视和校核，墙上水准点应选设在稳定的建造物上，以便于保存、查找、引测2高程控制网的布设在场区依据业主提供的水准点由市测绘部门引测，dealingwith unusualat anytime.In addition,for concrete pouring at the possibleimpactof migrationor reinforcedto supportthe phenomenonof rewardand punishmentmeasures.Third,the templateworksTo achievethe goalof plain concrete toreduce theinput templatesfor differentpartsof differenttypes ofdesign templates,National ChengKung Universityas faraspossible the design template.Tn addition,the templatefrom theinstallation,maintenance andremoval ofsuch areasshould also take correspondingmeasures.1,template designAsthe standardof constructionin the plane and the planewithout XiangSixingplane symmetry,resulting inuniversal template,interchangeability poor.To reducethe template volume,would notbe interchangeablepart of the coretube intoanindependent water,the waterin eachof the template of the principleof equalallocationto themiddle of the axisfor thesub-boundary layeris dividedinto thestandard1,II twoof water to thecommon partsof the template can be usedturnover.Does nothave interchangeabilityof the template,take the template ateach branchtransfers.2,template installationTemplateinstallation programmeis asfollows:

①wall template,the lift-shaftwere selectedoverall-thetemplatefor all-steel shaftand enhancethe expansionmode;

②floor at the end-use in-situ support,as earlyas the first demolition,wood keel,plywood scattereddemolition-mode programme;

③Entrance doors and windowsused todesign,production ofmodular templates,borders-leng stereotypesangle for a corner,Yam KokKuaichai deviceconfiguration,the use of goodeffect,the removalofconvenience,the turnoveris quick,vertical holedoorsandwindows,Founder;

④toensure thatany progressSides strengthand stiffnessin thelateral sides,on bothsidesof theincrease inone-1eng,so thatstill verticalside panels,the formation,not warp;

⑤joint transitionalzone of the externalwalls ofrooms usedfor decorativelinesof approach,That is,in thetemplate and150mm highon the plate,under the7mm thick,10cm widearound butmust beconsistent with the levelof therubber,from topto bottomwith glueNianshang to ensure that the sealedand not leaking slurry,Chaimo haveleft aRules of the decorativelines;@thetemplatenode negativeangle-angle hookbolt usedto ensurethe stability of theYam Kok,Founder;

⑦thetemplate-angle intersectionnodes usethetemplate of thenatural structureenclosedby45°cable-stayed bearings,connecting thetwo Templates,not leakingslurry toensure thatthepurpose ofFounder Yang Kok.To achievethe water quality of concrete results,particularly thestrengtheningof thetemplateofplywood constructionmanagement isparticularly important.Templateto beinstalled instrict accordancewith thetemplate assemblyplans,checkmarkattendance,the use of sentinel.Chaimo,according to the invertedorder ofsupport,to protectthe board,is prohibitedforced smashing,pry template,after thedemolitionof timecleaning upand repairingdamage in thetemplate,after passingthe examinationfour,concrete workby the isolation1,concrete preparation of Tushuastandby.Concrete watertothe same color,requires the useof the samematerial.Cementmanufacturers shoulduse,labeling,and the stabilityof the samespecies,andintensity ofgood cement;gravel alsoprovides optionalshould bequalified;admixturenot onlyto meetthe requirementsof concreteconstruction,but should be conducivetoimproving theinherent qualityand concreteLook.Concrete shouldbe allocatedsamplingtest,according totrial,with amix construction,strictly control the slump.2,concrete pouringchoppedConcrete pouringchopped agoto carryout clean-up within thetemplate,clean waterafter the wetbefore pouring,vibrated tothe correctway.Walls andcolumns totheroots ofpouring concretein themortar ingredientswith thesame cementmortar,pouringat the top of the stoneby addingappropriatewash,so weensure thatthe roots,thestrength ofconcrete atthe top,will enableuniform material.Stir toa uniform,the timeto ensure that,vibrated todense andnotleakingslurry.The massconcrete walland,using naturalflows,in accordancewith the〃one slope,pouring TLC,promoting theorder,once thetop16-character principle.Located ontheslope,according tovibrated with the vibrationof thelayout ofthe dischargepoint,the footoftheslope andcentral vibrateddense,withthedirection ofvibrationto moveforward to ensure thatthe qualityofconcretepouring,the unloadingof more3,concrete curingthan3m,then usedstring Extinguishersor chute.Concrete earlyconservation,should sendstaff forso thatthe concretein amoiststate,conservation oftime shouldbe ableto meetthe growthand strengthof hardeningfive,concrete needs,so thatconcrete strengthto meetthe designrequirements,finished protectionFormingconcretepouring,if not to protectvulnerable todamage KokYin andYang,a directimpact on waterqualityoftheappearance ofconcrete,atthesame time,switchboxes forholes,from topto bottomto protectthe waterpipes alsoindirectly affecttheperception ofplainconcreteresults,sotake the followingMeasures toprotectthe finishedproduct:1,the mainstructure,openings,corner bayiwndows areused2cm x4cm thelath,composed ofYangKok,for in-Kok,theuseof leadSizha jail,staircases stillusedPuban protection.2,wire switchboxes coveredwith ironsheet sealingthe wallforafoam-covercd plate,surrounded byplastic panelsin thepaper paste.3,from topto bottomwith waterpipes wrappedShui Nidai,wire Bangzhasealed.Boardfor less than20cm holein thefirst with a brick,mud Zaimawater,larger than20cm bywooden boardscover.six.ConclusionThe projectby therelevant departmentsof qualitysupervision andmanagementexperts assessedthe scene,reaching the main concretestructure ofthe waterqualityrequirements.谢谢下载，祝您生活愉快!建立高程控制网

2、平面轴线投测平面轴线精度受控，是确保设计轴线和细部线准确的基础根据轴线控制桩，将所需轴线投测到施工平面图上，同一层上所投测的纵横轴线不得少于2条，以此作为角度、距离的校核经校核无误后方可在该平面上放出其它相应的设计轴线和细部线在实际施工中需注意

①各楼层的轴线投测，上下层垂直偏差不得超过3nm；

②轴线投测后放出竖向构件几何尺寸和模板就位线、检查控制线；

③施工平面测量工作完成后，方可进入竖向施测；

④墙体拆模后，在墙体上测出结构1m线以供下道工序使用；

⑤每一层平面或者每段轴线施测完后，进行自检，合格后由专职人员复检，合格后再报检

3、引测标高要保证竖向控制的精度要求，先要进行高程控制网点的联测，检查场区内水准点是否被部动，确认无误后引测标高1标高基准点的测设必须正确，同一层不少于3点，以便于互相校核，其3点校差不得超过3mm,取其平均值作为平面施工中标高基准点⑵根据基坑情况，在坑内设置标桩，将高程引测到标桩上，用红“△”标出，并标明绝对标高和相对标高，供施工时用⑶在地上1层和电梯基坑，采用10cmX10cm钢板制作，用钢针刻划出“十”字线作为基准点，为高程引测提供依据，首层以上各层在基准点的正上方相应位置设计预留洞200所200洞激光束及锤球的通孔，严禁覆盖，并严防杂物从洞口坠落4各层标高的传递均利用首层红“△”上顶线为标高基准线，用检定合格的钢尺向上引测，也可位于中间层，加设标高基准点，以此向上传递5标高基准点每层不少于3个，用水准仪往返测，测设合格注上标记，并要设在同一个水平标高上

二、钢筋工程要保证构件几何尺寸和模板安装到位，首先要保证钢筋位置准确、不位移,应抓好以下几个方面

1、严格控制钢筋的配料尺寸要使配制的各种钢筋和箍筋平直、方正及弯钩准确，应严格把好配料关，派有经验的人负责，实行定期的抽检，不合格者责令返工并予处罚，直至符合设计要求

2、钢筋接头和绑扎为保证搭接范围内的钢筋密度不增加，以便于混凝土浇筑和节约钢材，必须进一步推广粗直径钢筋的机械连接和焊接，不断提高钢筋的连接质量和施工技术水平绑扎钢筋的扎丝多余部份应向构件内侧弯折，以免因外露形成锈斑，影响清水混凝土观感质量

3、确保钢筋生根位置准确确保钢筋生根位置准确采取了以下措施

①在柱施工中采用定位套箍，卡住主筋确保其位置，套箍按柱的断面设计制作，此外采用主筋

①1618的斜撑进行加固，确保主筋位置准确；

②在剪力墙钢筋根部采用梯形定位套箍，用来固定主筋不位移，并控制好排距

4、墙横向钢筋的控制墙横向钢筋即水平筋的排距和内外竖筋距离的控制，采用竖向定位梯形撑，将此支撑埋于墙内，可采用31416钢筋焊接，间距

5、保护层垫块为稳住钢筋及其安装方便，对以往的保护层垫块进行了改进，平板的垫块改为正四棱台形；墙上的垫块，改卡口为半圆形，可将钢筋卡在半圆内，再加扎丝扎牢

6、做好各工种间配合协调工作在现浇混凝土的过程中，放线工、钢筋工、木工各负其责，在施工过程中实施跟踪管理，发现异常随时处理此外，针对混凝土浇筑时可能发生的偏移或者碰撞钢筋的现象采取辅助奖罚措施

三、模板工程为实现清水混凝土的目标，减少模板的投入，针对不同结构部位设计不同类型的模板，尽量设计成大模板此外，从模板安装、拆除和维修等方面也应采取相应的措施

1、模板设计由于整个标准层建造平面中无相似形平面和平面对称性，导致模板通用性、互换性差为减少模板投入量，将不具有互换性的核心筒部份独立划分为一个流水段，按照每一流水段模板的配置等量的原则，以中间的轴线为分段界线，将标准层划分为I、n两个流水段，使其模板的公用部份可周转使用对不具有互换性的模板，则采取在每次支模板时调剂使用

2、模板安装模板安装方案如下

①墙模板、电梯井筒模分别选用整体式全钢大模板及提升伸缩井筒模；

②现浇楼板底模采用支撑、早拆头、木龙骨、胶合板散拆支模方案；

③门窗洞口采用自行设计、制作的组合式模板，边框木楞采用定型用钢护角，阴角配置快拆装置，使用效果好、拆卸方便、周转快，门窗洞口垂直、方正；

④为确保踏步侧板强度、刚度，在侧板的外侧，位于两边各加1根木楞，从而使踏步板侧面垂直、平整、不翘曲；

⑤外墙房间水平缝过渡带采用预留装饰线条的方法，即在大模板上加150nun高的钢板，下设7廊厚、10cm摆布宽（但同一层必须一致）橡皮条，上下用胶水粘上，确保密封、不漏浆，拆模后留下1条有规则的装饰线；

⑥大模板阴角节点采用角模勾栓，确保了阴角稳定、方正；

⑦大模板阳角节点利用大模板相交的自然构造密封，采用45°斜拉支座，连接两模板，达到不漏浆，确保阳角方正的目的为取得清水混凝土的质量效果，加强对模板特别是胶合板的施工管理尤其重要安装模板时应严格按模板组装图进行，对号入坐，定点使用拆模时按支撑的倒顺序进行，要保护板面，严禁强行砸、撬模板，拆卸后及时清理，并修理损伤的模板，经检查合格后涂刷隔离剂备用

四、混凝土工程

1、混凝土配制清水混凝土要颜色一致，则要求所用的材料一致水泥应选用厂家、标号、品种相同且安定性好、强度好的水泥；砂石也应按规定选用合格材料；外加剂不仅要满足混凝土施工性能的要求，而且要有利于提高混凝土的内在质量和外观效果混凝土应取样试配，按试配的配合比施工，严格控制坍落度

2、混凝土浇捣混凝土浇捣前要进行模板内部清理，干净后用水湿润方可浇筑，振捣方法要正确墙、柱根部先浇同混凝土内砂浆成份相同的水泥砂浆，顶部浇筑时加入适量洗净的石子，这样既保证根部、顶部混凝土的强度，又可使材质均匀一致搅拌一要均匀，二要保证时间，振捣要密实，不得漏浆对于墙体及大体积混凝土，采用自然流淌，按照“一个坡度、薄层浇筑、顺序推进、一次到顶”十六字方针位于斜坡上，依据振捣器所振动的范围布置卸料点，坡脚及中部振捣密实，随着振捣的方向向前推进，确保混凝土浇筑质量，卸料高度超过3m时，则采用串筒或者溜槽

3、混凝土养护混凝土早期养护，应派专人负责，使混凝土处于湿润状态，养护时间应能满足混凝土硬化和强度增长的需要，使混凝土强度满足设计要求

五、成品保护混凝土浇筑成型后，如不加以保护易使阴阳角受损，直接影响清水混凝土的外观质量，同时，开关盒预留洞、上下水管的保护也间接影响到清水混凝土的观感效果，故采取以下措施进行成品保护

1、主体结构中，门洞、墙角、窗台均采用2cmX4cm的板条，组成阳角，护在阳角上，用铅丝扎牢，楼梯间踏步采用铺板保护

2、电线开关盒用铁皮盖封口，墙上预留洞采用泡沫塑料板覆盖，在板四周用胶带纸粘贴

3、上下水管用水泥袋包裹，铁丝绑扎封口板上预留洞在20cm以内，先用砖盖上，再抹水泥浆，大于20cm采用木板覆盖

六、结论该工程经有关质量监督管理部门的专家现场评定，达到了主体结构清水混凝土的质量要求ForeignLiteratureOn the concrete waterquality controlmeasuresFirst,measurement-lineMeasurement-line asthe pilotprocess shouldpermeate allaspects,it is to ensurethatthe mainstructure formfactor designedto meetthe requirementsofthepremiseis thatthemainstructure ofwatertotheconcretefoundation,intheactualconstruction shouldseize the following:1,the verticalaccuracy ofthe construction1standard,the standardis layingthe basisfor verticalcontrol,asking foraset ofmarket areaof not less thanthree,point-to-point distancebetween50-100m,so asto helpeach other,as-and Verification,the wallshouldbethe standardpointElections inthestabilityof buildings,in orderto save,find,with measurement.2elevation controlnetwork laidatthe district levelbased on the ownerspointsmeasured withthe Urbanmapping departments,the establishmentof elevationcontrolnetwork.2,the axisfor measuringplanePlane axiscontrolled precision,isto ensurethatthedesignofthe axis ofaccurateand detailedbasis.According totheaxiscontrol piles,will berequiredto testfor theaxis ofthe floorplan,with avote on the measurementofthe verticaland horizontalaxis of not lessthan two,as apoint ofview,from thecheck.Afterchecking correctbefore therelease oftheplaneon theother axisand the correspondingdesign detailline.In theactual constructionshould payattention to:

①each floorfor measuringtheaxis,thevcrtical deviationonthelower dcckofnot morethan3mm;

②axis formeasuringthe verticalcomponent releasedafter the size andgeometry ofthe templateinplace tocheck theline ofcontrol;3plane measuringthe completionofconstruction,Before enteringtheverticalMeasurement;

④Chaimo wall,the wal1onthe structuremeasured1m line for theuseofthe procedure;©each layerplane oraftereach axisSurvey,conducted self-inspection,After passingfrom full-time staffrecheck,qualified after报检.3,with measuredelevationTo ensurethe accuracyof verticalcontrol,thefirstnetwork tocontroltheheightof thetest tocheck whetherthe marketwas atthedistrictlevel dynamiccollision,aftertheconfirmation toReply elevationmeasurement.1elevation ofsetting benchmarksto becorrect,withalayer ofnotlessthan3:00to eachother incheck,3:00poor schoolshall notexceed3mm,comes asthe averageofthe highplane ofthe successfulbidder referencepoint.2pit,the pitset standardpiles,with elevationwill bemeasured onthestandard pile,with redmarked,and markedelevation of absolute andrelative elevationforconstruction use.3ontheground floorandtheelevator pit,a10cm X10cm steelproduction,with Gangzhencharacterization of〃10〃character asa referencepoint line,providethe basisfor measuringheight Reply,Shouccng pointsabove thebenchmark levelsinthe Designis atthetopposition forthecorrespondinghole200mm X200mni laserbeamand hammerthe ballthrough hole,is prohibitedcoverage,and toprevent debrisfallingfrom thehole.4on each floor elevationofthetransfer areusing Shoucengred〃△〃on thetoplineforthe elevationof baseline,with approvalof qualifiedGangchi upwithmeasured,but alsointhemiddle layer,additional elevation reference points,to passup.5elevationreferencepoints oneachfloorofnotlessthanthree,with Levelfromthe measurement,setting passingnote onthe tagand tothesamelevel inelevationon.Second,the steelworksTo ensurecomponent geometryand templatesinstalled inplace,we mustfirst ensurethataccurate locationof steel,not displacement,should graspthe followingaspects:1,strictly controlthesizeof reinforced ingredientsFor thepreparationofvarious steel and stirrupsstraight,Founder andhooksaccurate,and shouldbe strictlyrelated togood ingredients,to sendan experiencedpersonresponsible forthe implementationof periodicsampling,were orderedto reworkandfailed topenalties upwiththedesign Requirements.2,reinforced jointsand BangzhaToensurethatoverlap withinthe scopeof steelnottoincrease density,in ordertosave steeland concretepouring,we mustfurther promotethe largediameter steelweldingand mechanicalconnection,continuously improvethe qualityoftheconnectionsteel andconstruction skills.Bangzha reinforcedthe Zhasiredundant componentsshouldbe partofthemedial bendingto avoidbecause ofthe exposedform Xiuban,concrete impactonwaterquality perception.3,toensureaccurate locationof reinforcedrootingRooting reinforcedtoensureaccurate locationto takethefollowingmeasures:

①column inthe constructionofatargeted setof hoops,Zhu Jinstuck toitsposition,set behind-the sectionon design,andZhu Jinp16~18bythediagonal bracingreinforcementtoensurethat Zhu Jin Locationaccuracy;

②roots inthe shearwallsreinforced byladder positioningsets hoop,ZhuJinnot usedto fixeddisplacement,and agood distancecontrol.4,horizontal wallof reinforcedcontrolWal1horizontal steeltendons thatthe levelof verticaldistance andtendons frombothinside andoutside thecontrol ofa verticalladder shoringlocation,buried insidethissupport,can bewelded steelp1416,spacing

1.

21.5m.5,protective layerPadTo stabi1ize thesteelandits easyinstallation,the protectivelayer oftheprevious Padhas improved,theplateis SilengPad toTaiwan-shaped;wall Pad,to mountforthe semi-circular,the cardcanbereinforcedinthe semicircle,Zha Sizhain jailplus.6,with goodcoordination betweenthe varioustypes ofworkIn theprocess ofin-situ concrete,taketheline,Gangjin Gong,carpentry dutiesinthe constructionprocess oftracking andmanagement,。