动名词现在分词知识梳理-高考英语一轮语法复习

现在分词doing现在分词的形式

1.现在分词的时态和语态形式如下表所示:主动形式被动形式时态形式语态形式一般式doing beingdone完成式having donehaving beendone注意其否定形式是在之前加doing not现在分词的一般式与谓语动词同时发生的动作1

①We walkedalong theriver bank,talking andlaughing.@The littleboy wentaway,crying.©Following theguide,we walkedthrough the forest.现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作2Having finishedthe work,she gotready togo shopping.现在分词的被动形式3

①The questionbeing discussedis ofgreat importance.©Having beenseriously injuredin theaccident,he hadto betaken to the hospitalimmediately.现在分词的句法功能现在分词相当于形容词，在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语

2.作定语单个的现在分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面，现在分词短语作定语往往放在被修1饰词的后面an interestingbook,an excitingexperience,a missingchild,©The mansitting atthe backis MrSmith.

②Those peoplewishing tojoin thisclub shouldsign here.作表语作表语的现在分词，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质或特征2

①The reportis veryencouraging.@The resultof thegame wasdisappointing.⑶作补语现在分词作补足语分为两种情况一种是形容词性质的现在分词作补语；一种是具有动作性质的现在分词作补语

①形容词性质的现在分词作补语I findthis movievery interesting.We allthink thespeech veryinspiring.

②动词性质的现在分词作补语感官动词等表示“看见/注意至发现see,watch,notice,discoveGhearJind,listen to,look atjeelU//感觉某人正在做某事”使役动词等后可跟表示动作性质的现在分词作补足语，或“让某人持续做某have,get,leave,keep事”名词/代词With++doingI smeltsomething burning.Dont keepthe childrenworking ontheir lessonsall day.She noticedhim carryinga bag.With theboy leadingthe way,I foundthe villageeasily.作状语现在分词在句中可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、伴随或方式状语、目3的状语、评论性状语

①作时间状语现在分词的一般式作时间状语，往往表示动作与谓语动词同时或相继发生;现在分词的完成式作时间状语，往往表示动作先于谓语动词发生；作时间状语的现在分词前有时可加上等连词when,whileHearing thenews,they alljumped forjoy.Having finishedhis speech,he answeredour questions.When readingthe newspaper,I heardthe doorbellring.

②作原因状语Living farfrom theschool,!have toget upearly every morning.Not knowingher addressor phonenumber,we couldntget intouch withher.Having sufferedsuch heavypollution,it maynow betoo lateto cleanup theriver.

③作结果状语现在分词作结果状语，常常位于句尾，表达直接造成的结果，自然而然的结果The firelasted awhole night,causing greatdamage.She felloff thebike,breaking herleft leg.

④作伴随或方式状语现在分词作伴随状语可位于句首、句中或句末，表示与谓语动词同时发生的另一动作Following Tom,we startedto climb.The boyran away,shouting loudly.She cameriding abrand-new bike.

⑤做目的状语现在分词做目的状语往往具有伴随性，多放在句尾，且与主句与逗号隔开I huntedaround fromcity tocity,hoping toget ajob.I workedlate into the nightlast night,preparing areport.

⑥作评论性状语一般说来，严格说来，大致说来generally speakingstrictly speakingroughly speaking广义上说，狭义上说，由……判断broadly speakingnarrowly speakingjudging fromPersonallyspeaking,its agood idea.Judging fromher accent,she mustcome fromArabian countries.动词练习

1.Henryfix hiscar whenhe heardthe screams.

2.He quicklythrowhis toolaside,and startedrunning.

3.Inspired bythe Beltand RoadForum forInternational Cooperationhold inBeijing,Cao decidedto coverthe routebybiking.

4.Cao andWu alsocollected garbagealong theroad,in orderto promoteenvironmental protect.

5.In thelast fiveyears,Caowalk through34countries insix continent.

6.It canhelp tobuild acommunity withashare futurefor mankind.

7.Youd betterchoose anon-spicy broth,orgo fora lessspicy option.

8.Even thoughhe andI werestrangers,wegreet eachother warmlyeverymorninglike oldfriends.

9.Though dogsseeas companionsand partof thefamily today,China andWestern countriesdo nothave thesamecultural beliefsabout dogs.

10.surround bytheforest,the villagehas beautifulsurroundings.现在分词练习

1.Henry ranone hundredmeters,jumped overa

1.2-metre fence,and heldout hisarms tocatch thefall child.

2.cover anarea aboutthree timesthe sizeof YellowstoneNational Park,the GiantPanda NationalPark willbe oneofthe firstnational parksin thecountry.

3.He flew4700kilometers fromXian toKashgar onSept.,plan tohike backto Xianin fivemonths.

4.To strengthenthe connectionwith youngpeople,the eventincluded anumber of专业人士activities,invite29tea professionalsfrom around the world.

5.Everyonelive hereseems tolove it.

6.The popstar didntturn up,disappoint allher fans.

7.Lots ofrescue workerswere workingaroundtheclock,send suppliestotheearthquake strickenarea.

8.Listen!Do youhear someonecallfor help.广告公

9.Dina,struggle formonths tofind ajob asa waitress,finally tooka positionat alocal advertisingagency司.

10.He sentme ane-mail,hope toget furtherinformation.

11.Each timeI gottothereading room,l foundhimread there.章、节、篇

12.read thechapter fourtimes,I finallyunderstood theauthors theory.专心于

13.With somany childrentalk,I couldntsettle downto mywork.

14.Without anyonenotice,I stoleinto theroom.

15.Each statuehas adifferent face,lead researchersto believethat eachone isa copyof areal soldier.。