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)高一英语暑假精品课(人教版2019必修1Unit3Sports andFitness核心单词知识句型基础知识
一、核心单词讲解清单一一一词表词汇速记(限时25分钟)
1.set an example树立榜样set anexample to/for sb给某人树立榜样follow one飞example效仿某人;以某人为榜样take...for example以为例for example/instance例如eg.We Chinesepeople areall calledon tolearn fromLei Feng,who wethink setsanexample tous all.我们中国人都被号召向雷锋学习,我们认为他为我们树立了榜样
2.honour(又作honor)n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸•If san honourfor sbto do sth对某人来说做某事很荣幸feel it an honourto do sth为做某事感到荣幸in honourof…向表示敬意;为纪念•be/feel honouredto do sth做某事感到荣幸•honourable adj.可敬的;体面的他们必须是他们各自的运动领域的高手,而且为其他人树立了很好的榜样
5.In thefinal secondsof agamejordan alwaysseemed tofind away towin.在一场比赛的最后几秒,乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法句型公式kb/s thseems/seemed+不定式1“主语+seem+不定式”意为“看起来,好像其中seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语2It seems+that从句3主语+seemto be+表语+to do用于说明主语的特征或状态,表语多为名词或形容词4It seemsas if/as though….看起来好像5There seemto be+名词seem的单复数形式要根据后面名词的单复数形式而定
①It seemsthat Maryhas changed a lot since she went to university.一Mary seemsto havechangeda lotsinceshewenttouniversity.自从上大学以来,玛丽似乎改变了很多
②It seemsdifficult tolearn somany newwords by heart in a shorttime.似乎很难在短时间内把这么多生词背下来
③It seemsto behuman natureto worry.忧虑似乎是人的天性©There seemsto beno hopethat businesswill getbetter,生意似乎没有好转的希望Q考点剖析lliilliiliiiliiilliilliiliiiniiiliiiitiiI-考点
一、核心单词语法填空
1.Physical
①(ft)has nowbecome animportant elementin ourlives.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]名词的数,名词的功用[答案]fitness[解析]考查名词句意身体健康现在成为了我们生活中一个重要的元素作主语,应用名词fitness,为不可数名词故填fitness
2.If youapproach eachof yourchallenges withcreativity thenyour lifewill be
①filled adventures.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]介词与其它词类的搭配[答案]with[解析]考查介词句意如果你用创造力来应对每一个挑战,那么你的生活将充满冒险结合句意表示充满可知短语为be filledwith故填with
3.We recommend
①(book)tickets early,as thisis apopular event.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]动名词[答案]booking[解析]考查非谓语动词句意我们建议早点订票,因为这是一个很受欢迎的活动此处为短语recommend doing sth.表示”建议做某事故填booking.,
4.I didntthink Icould everget used to
(1)(live)in a big cityafter livinginthe country.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]动名词[答案]living[解析]考查动名词句意我觉得在乡下生活后,我再也无法习惯住在大城市了get usedto doingsth.(习惯于做某事),live用动名词形式作宾语故填living
5.We hadto keep track
①our belongings,and ifsomething waslost,it was not replaced.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]介词与其它词类的搭配[答案]of[解析]考查介词句意我们必须保管好我们的物品,如果有什么东西丢了,就不能补回来结合句意表示保管可知短语为keeptrackof故填ofo
6.We alwaysbelieve thatevery©honorcustomer isvery important.所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]形容词的功用[答案]honorable[解析]考查形容词句意我们始终相信每一位尊贵的客户都是非常重要的修饰后文名词customer应用形容词honorable,作定语故填honorableo
7.The successor
①fail of the planexpends onyou.用所给单词适当形式填空)[知识点]名词的功用[答案]failure[解析]考查名词句意这个计划的成败取决于你分析题意,此处与or前的success为并列成分,也应使用名词故填failure
8.Climbing MountHuang hadbeen mydream,but itwasnotuntil lastmonth thatImanaged tomake
①.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]动词的固定结构[答案]■It[解析]考查固定搭配句意登黄山一直是我的梦想,但直到上个月我才成功登顶)make it意为(经历艰难困苦后成功故填ito
9.There mustbe something@happened tohim,but wedont knowwhat itis.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]定语从句[答案]that[解析]考查定语从句关系词句意他一定出了什么事,但我们不知道是什么事该空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是复合不定代词something,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,只用关系代词that故填that
10.It maytake afew weeksfor youto build up your
(1)(strong)again.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]名词的数,名词的功用[答案]strength[解析]考查名词句意可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力根据空格前的形容词性物主代词your(你的)可知,此处填入不可数名词strength(体力)来作动词短语build up的宾语故填strength
11.Even ina weakeconomy,businesses stillcompete@talent.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]介词与其它词类的搭配[答案]for[解析]考查介词句意即使在经济疲软的情况下,企业仍在争夺人才compete for(竞争、为夺取……比赛)符合句意故填for
12.We carefullycompared thefirst report
①the secondone.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]介词与其它词类的搭配[答案with[解析]考查固定搭配句意我们仔细地比较了第一份报告和第二份报告compared...with表示把与作比较,故填with
13.She pretends
①(be)interested inopera,but ifsonly forshow.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]动词不定式[答案to be[解析]考查不定式句意她假装对歌剧感兴趣,但那只是君寅pretend to do sth.(假装做某事),用不定式作宾语故填to beo
14.There isnow intenseQ(compete)between schoolsto attractstudents.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]名词的数,名词的功用[答案]competition[解析]考查名词句意:现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争此句为there be句型,设空处在句中作主语,名词competition竞争为不可数名词,符合句意故填competition
15.Her husbandbecame much@(positive)than beforeand wassoon backin full-timeemployment.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]形容词的比较等级,形容词的功用[答案]more positive[解析]考查形容词比较级句意她的丈夫变得比以前积极得多,很快又回到了全职工作岗位much修饰比较级和比较级的标志than,该空用形容词positive的比较级作表语故填morepositive.,
16.There are
①(similar)and differencesbetween theteaching of the mothertongue andaforeign language.(所给词的适当形式填空)庆口识点]名词的数[答案similarities[解析]考查名词的数句意母语和外语的教学有相似之处,也有不同之处分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词similarity;因similarity作相似之处’讲时为可数名词,根据differences可知此处应用名词复数故填similarities
17.But Ido believethat emotionscan andshould play arole Qdecision-making.(用适当的词填空)庆口识点]介词与其它词类的搭配[答案][解析]考查介词句意但我确实相信情绪可以而且应该在决策中发挥作用结合句意表示起作用可知短语为playarole in故填in0o
18.People feelmore andmore
①(cheat)and getmore andmore angry.(所给词的适当形式填空)[知识点]过去分词[答案]cheated[解析]考查非谓语动词句意人们感到越来越受骗,越来越生气此处非谓语动词cheat与逻辑主语people构成被动关系故用过去分词作表语故填cheated
19.When Igo on
①diet,I eatonly fruit,and thattakes offweight quickly.(用适当的词填空)[知识点]不定冠词[答案]a[解析]考查不定冠词句意当我节食时,我只吃水果,这样可以很快减轻体重goon a diet(节食)符合句意,用不定冠词a故填a00honoured adj.受尊敬的eg.Last butnot least,I feelitagreat honourto representmy classto take part in the groupdancingcompetition.最后但同等重要的是,代表我们班参加团体舞比赛,我感到很荣幸
3.determination n.决心、;决定•with determination有决心•determine vt.决定;确定;下决心;影响determine to do sth决定做某事determine on/upondoingsth决定做某事•determined adj.有决心的be determinedto do sth决心做某事表示状态【联想】“决定做某事”表达还有
②©decide to do sthmake adecision todo sth
③make upones mindtodo sth
4.injure vt.使受伤;损害hurt•injured adj.受伤的;有伤的get injured受伤the injured伤员•injury n.伤害;损伤do aninjury tosb伤害某人L-考点
二、重点词块选词填空i.选词填空set anexample,give up,come along,at homeand abroad,take partin,fall apart,lose heart,work out【小题1]
①
1.The planwill ifthere isnot enoughfinancial support.【小题2】
①
1.He toall ofus byrisking hislife tosave thedrowning boy.【小题3】
①
1.The threeparties willmeet nextmonth toremaining differences.【小题4】
①
1.When thingsarent goingwell,he encouragesme tellingme notto.9【小题5】
①
1.He isunable totodays basketballgame because of hisfoot injury.【小题6]
1.Fil workat training,never give up andbe readyfor thenext chance
①that.【小题7】
①
1.Whenever weare introuble,we mustnever,but tryto thinkofthewayout.【小题8】
1.I amusedtoreading ChinaDaily everymorning,as itcan keepme informedofthe
①present eventsboth.[知识点]其他[答案]]【小题1fall apart【小题2】set anexample【小题3】work out【小题4】give up【小题5】take partin【小题6】come along【小题7】lose heart【小题8】at homeand abroad[解析]【小题1】考查固定短语句意如果没有足够的财政支持,这个计划就会失败结合句意表示“失败”可知短语为fall apart,will提示为一般将来时故填fall aparto【小题2】考查固定短语句意他冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的男孩,为我们大家树立了榜样结合句意表示“树立榜样”可知短语为set anexample,描述过去发生的动作为一般过去时故填set anexampleo【小题3】考查固定短语句意三方将于下个月会晤,以解决剩余的分歧结合句意表示“解决”可知短语为work out,此处为不定式作目的状语故填work out【小题4】考查固定短语句意当事情进展不顺利时一,他鼓励我,告诉我不要放弃结合句意表示“放弃”可知短语为give up,此处为短语tell sb.not do sth.o故填give upo【小题5】考查固定短语句意由于脚伤,他不能参加今天的篮球比赛了结合句意表示“参加”可知短语为takepartin,此处为短语be unabletodosth.o故填take partin【小题6】考查固定短语句意我会努力训练,永不放弃,为下一次出现的机会做好准备结合句意表示“出现”可知短语为come along,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,且从句主语为chance,谓语用三单形式故填comes along【小题7]考查固定短语句意每当我们遇到困难时,我们绝不能失去信心,而要努力想办法走出困境结合句意表示失去信心可知短语为lose heart,且must后跟动词原形故填lose heart【小题8】考查固定短语句意我习惯每天早上读《中国日报》,因为它可以让我了解国内外的时事结合句意表示“国内外”可知短语为at homeand abroad,故填at homeand abroad
6.strength n.力量;体力;强项,优势advantage•have thestrength todosth有力量/意志做某事buildupones strength/body增强某人的体力strengths andweaknesses优势和劣势•strong adj,强壮的;坚强的strengthen vt,vi,力口强;巩固;增强【联想】-en后缀高频动词集锦;
②③④Dshorten缩短deepen加深widen加宽broaden加宽§lighten减轻
⑥brighten变亮
7.failure n.失败;失败的人或事物•end infailure以失败而告终heart failure心脏衰竭•fail vi.失败fail todosth没做成某事【反义】success n.成功;succeed v.成功eg.As theold sayinggoes,failure isthe motherofsuccess,俗话说,失败是成功之母
8.giveup放弃;投降give in屈服;投降;让步;上交give out分配;分发;用光;筋疲力尽give off放出;发出光、热、气味或气体等give away赠送;泄露;出卖give back归还【同义】desert,quit,abandon
9.compete vi.竞争;对抗•compete in参加比赛;在方面竞争compete with与竞争compete for为而竞争compete with/against...for..为争取而与竞争/对抗•competition n.比赛;竞争competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的competitor n.竞争者;对手【联想】“比赛的表达还有:match,contest,game,tournament
1.make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚•make senseof理解;明白make nosense没道理;没意义•inasense在某一方面;就某种意义来说in nosense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)•there isnosense/point indoingsth做某事没意义【联想】“决不”位于句首部分倒装短语荟萃;in noway,in nocase,by nomeans,on nocondition,at notime,on noaccount,under/in nocircumstances
11.pretend vi.vt.假装;装扮pretend to be十名词/形容词假装是pretend todosth假装做某事pretend tobe doingsth假装正在做某事pretend to have donesth假装已经做了某事pretend that从句假装【联想】后接todo/tobedoing/tohavedone的动词还有happen,appear,seem,claim等
12.diet n.规定饮食;日常饮食vi.节食go ona diet节食,控制饮食(表动作)be onadiet在节食(表状态)a balanced/healthy diet均衡的/健康的饮食eg.Keeping abalanced dietand takingexercise regularlyare recognizedas ahealthylifestyle.均衡饮食和经常锻炼被认为是一种健康的生活方式
13.make adifference有作用或影响•make adifference to对有作用或影响make some/no/little difference..)(对)有/没有/很少有作用或影响•tell thedifference(between…and..)辨另lj/区分(与)eg.Only whenwe matchour wordswith actionscan wemake adifference inwhatever wehopeto accomplish.只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望完成的事情有所贡献
14.rather than而不是•would ratherdosththan dosthwould dosth rather than dosth宁愿而不愿prefer todosthrather thandosth•other than不同于;除了外more than多于;不仅仅;非常or rather更确切地说【点拨】ratherthan连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致,即“就远原则
15.cut.…out停止做(或使用、食用);剪下cut off中止;切掉;使隔绝cut up切碎cut down砍倒消U减;删]节;缩小(尺寸、数量等)cut in插嘴;打断(谈话);插入eg.If youcut outfat andsugar inyour foods,youwillbe muchslimmer.如果你的食物中没有脂肪和糖的摄入,你就会更苗条
17.stress n.压力(pressure);紧张;强调;重音vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安•under stress在压力下relieve stress缓解压力put/place/lay stresson/upon强调;着重于stress out焦虑不安;疲惫不堪•stressful adj.有压力的(指物)stressed adj.感至[)有压力的(指人)eg.As has been stressedmany times,learning Englishwellis ofgreat importanceto yourcareer developmentinthefuture.正如我们多次强调的,学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的Actually,alotof teenagersin Chinaare undergreat stress.事实上,中国很多青少年都承受着巨大的压力I thinkthe companyplaces toomuch stresson costand notenough onquality.我认为公司对成本强调有余,而对质量重视不足
二、重点词块速记
1.at homeand abroad国内夕卜
2.come along跟随;到达;进步;赶快
3.makeit获得成功;准时到达
4.fall叩art破裂;破碎;崩溃
5.becauseofheart problems因为心脏问题
6.abig challenge一个巨大挑战
7.stand still站着不动;静止不动
8.the secret to his success他成功的秘诀
9.learn from his failures从失败中吸取教训
10.now andthen有时;偶尔1l.be positiveabout myselfand mybody对我自己和我的身体积极自信
12.track-and-field lovers田径爱好者
13.compare myselfwith actressesand models把自己与女演员和模特比较
14.ane-sports event一个电子竞技活动
15.host theYouth SkiRace主办青少年滑雪比赛
16.sweat yourway togood health流汗是健康之道
1.105se weight减肥
1.106s upto you由你决定
19.bring honourand gloryto hercountry给她的国家带来名誉和荣耀
20.work togetheras ateam齐心协力
三、重点句型剖析
1.Losing twoimportant playerswas abigchallenge,but LangPing didnot loseheart.(v.-ing形式作主语)失去两位重要的运动员是一个巨大的挑战,但郎平并没有灰心
2.The Boysand GirlsClub whichhe startedin Chicagohas beenhelping youngpeoplesince1996(.have/hasbeendoing现在完成进行时)他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人
3.A soccerplayer shouldnot pretendto falldown even if ithelps his/her team.(evenif引导让步状语从句)尽管这对他/她的球队有帮助,足球运动员也不应该假装摔倒(
5.They mustbe athleteswho aremasters intheir sportsand alsoset goodexamples forothers.(人物描写)。
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