2023年察隅县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析

年察隅县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题2023Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose thebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,C orD onthe ANSWER SHEET.10pointsRecently Imet aguy namedLeonard Gilberton atrip.Leonard is the kindof peopleyou couldpass onthe streetand never]but heis,in myview,a veryspecial personwho2recognition.Leo livesin a3rural area,so whenhis wifehad cancerseveral yearsago,Leo wasfaced with a four-and-a-half-hour drivetowhere shecould betreated.That4lots ofexpense formeals,fuel,hotels and so on.But in the endthe cancertook hiswife

5.Evidently Leowas very6by hiswifes passing,but hewas alsovery angry,fbr herealized otherpeople werefacing the same sortsof7,Rather thangiving moneyto charities,what hedid wasstart tothrow

8.Every otherSaturday evening,there is a partyin Leosgarage.Neighbours,friends andrelatives comeand bringsnacks anddrinks;many bring9,there ismusic anddancing,and atsome pointduring theevening Leo10a familyhehas foundwho arehaving difficulties11the costof supportinga cancerpatient undergoing12far fromhome.Then ahoney-jar ispassedaround and the money13,every centof it,goes14to thatfamily.The people at thepartyhave agood time.The family15that someone,probably someonethey havenever metknows what they aregoing throughand16enough to help.Leos17to helpthe familiesof othercancer patientswas bornout ofhis griefbut,from theperspective ofthosewho havereceived themoney,it is an act of love.His personal18has resultedin anactofkindness thathonours the19of thewife hehaslost.Wouldnt itbe niceif wehad morepeople in the worldlike LeonardGilbert Imglad Imet Leo.He makesthe worlda

201、A.know B.notice C,forget D.love、2A.requires B.needs C.deserves D.avoids、3A.convenient B.peaceful C-remote D.nearby4A.meant B.spent C.showed D.reduced、5A.otherwise B.instead C.somehow D.anyway、6A.stricken B.shocked C.pleased D.mourned、7A.happiness B.hardships C.cancers D.expenses、8A.coins B.honey C.medicine D.parties、9A.jars B.cards C.instruments D.flowersD.chats aboutplace.、10A.tells aboutB.argues aboutC.comments on

16.B

17.B

18.C

19.B

20.ASection II Reading Comprehension、

21.A

2.C

3.C

4.B、

31.D

2.D

3.B

4.B、

41.A

2.D

3.C

4.D、

51.C

2.D

3.A、

61.popularity

2.have beensigned

3.scientific

4.globally

5.explanations

6.proving

7.the

8.,that

9.as

10.lies、

71.to head

2.that

3.tears

4.is paid/has beenpaid

5.influential

6.greatest

7.won

8.the

9.for

10.determinationSection IIITranslation、

81.G

2.F

3.A

4.C

5.E、

91.G

2.D

3.F

4.E

5.A

11、A.cutting B.meeting C.increasing D.calculating、12A.charities B.depression C.treatment D.support、13A.saved B.paid C.owed D.collected

14、A.partly B.exactly C・properly D.directly、15A.understands B.pretends C.ignores D.confirms、16A.earns B.cares C.struggles D.plans、17A.demand B.motivation C.expectation D.consideration、18A.donation B.opinion C.loss D.belief、19A.cancer B.memory C.wish D.recovery20A.better B.worse C.more peacefulD.more terribleSection IIReadingComprehensionPart ADirections:Read thefollowing fourtexts.Answer thequestions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswers onthe ANSWER SHEET.40pointsText1“You canchoose yourfriends,but youcant chooseyour family.That linecomes from American writerHarper Leesbook ToKilla Mockingbird.Now compareher wordsto anotherfamous expression:Blood isthicker thanwater”.However,if forcedto choosewhich ismore important,American researchersnow sayfriendship ismore importantthan family.Their newstudy suggests that friendsmay bemore importantthan family members,especially aswe age.The studycomes fromresearchers at Michigan StateUniversity.They foundthe importanceof friendshipon healthand happinessgrowsas people get older.William Chopikisanassistant professorof psychologyatMichiganState andwas oneof thelead researchersin thisstudy.He says,Friendship becomeseven moreimportant aswe age.Keeping afew reallygood friendsaround canmake aworld ofdifference forourhealth andwell-being.^^Chopik notesthat we need tothink offriendship asan investmentin ourfuture happiness.The MichiganState researchersconsidered information from twoseparate surveys.In the first group,both familyand friendshipsinfluencedoverall healthand happiness.However,in the second,researchers saidthat friendships“became astronger predictorofhealth andhappiness aspeoplegetolder.Also in thesecondgroup,unhealthy friendshipsled toincreased chronicconditions.But withsupportive friends,Chopik noted,participants reportedbeing happier.One reasonis thatpeople cankeep thefriendships thatmake themfeel goodand moveonfrom the onesthat dont.Family,on theotherhand,will alwaysbe withyou.They canbe helpfuland enjoyable,but canalso causetroubles.This may be goodnews fbrpeople whodont havestrong tieswith family members.Not all of usare bominto thefamilies weneed.But weall havethe abilityto choosefriends thatweneed.、

194.What shouldwe investto getlater well-being accordingto the researchersA.Good friendties.B.Easy healthexercises.C.Common family relations.D.Personal relationknowledge.、

296.How is theresearchcarried outA.By doingtwo experiments.B.By interviewingall atonce.C.By conductingtwo surveys.D.By takingpart in activities.、

398.What canthe peoplewith weakfamily tiesdoA.Develop strongerfamilyrelations.B.Make as many friendsas possible.C.Get moresupportivefriends.D.Stay withfamily members.、

4100.What is the mainidea of the passageA.Friends and familymembersare equallyimportant.B.When wegrow older,friendship mattersmore.C.As weage,familymembersare morevaluable.D.We alwaysneed friends andfamilymembers.Text2In1874Francis Galton,a Britishprofessor,analysed asample ofEnglish scientists and foundthe vastmajority tobefirst-born sons.This ledhim to theorise thatfirst-born childrenenjoyed aspecial levelof attentionfrom theirparents thatallowed themto advance intellectually.Half acentury laterAlfred Adler,an Austrianpsychologist,made asimilar argumentrelating topersonality.First-born children,he suggested,were morediligent,while thelater-born weremore outgoingand emotionallystable.Manysubsequent studieshave exploredthese ideas,but theirfindings havebeen varied-some supportingand somerejecting theoriginalconclusions.The mainproblem with the previous studies is that theywere toosmall-often limitedto afew dozenindividuals.This wouldbetrue evenif thestatistical methodsneeded toanalyse thedata weresimple,but theyare not.Distinguishing birth-order effectsfrom thosecausedby familysize complicatesmatters,meaning stillbigger samplesmust be analysed toobtain meaningfulresults.To overcomethe limitationof theseearlier studies,German socialscientist Dr.Helmet Schmukleand hiscolleagues analysedthreehuge setsof datafromAmerica,Britain andGermany.These datasets,though collectedfor otherpurposes,included personalityandintelligence testson20,186peopleatdifferent stagesof theirlives.The Americantests wereon individualsaged between29and

35.The Britishtests wereconducted on50-year-olds.The Germantests ranthe wholespan of adult life,from18to

98.Birth order,they found,had noeffect onpersonality:first-borns wereno more,nor less,likely thantheir youngersiblings tobehardworking,outgoing oranxious.But itdid affectintelligence.In afamily withtwo children,thefirstchild wasmore intelligentthanthe second60%of the time,rather thanthe50%that wouldbe expectedby chance.On average,this translatedtoadifference of

1.5IQpoints betweenfirst andsecond siblings.That figureagrees withpreviousstudies,and thuslooks confirmed.It is,nevertheless,quite asmall difference-and whetherit isenough toaccount forGalton*s originalobservation isunclear.In anyevent,it iscertainly notdeterministic.Galton wasthe youngestof nine.、1Alfred Adlerconcluded thatfirst-born childrenwere.A.more stableB.more sociableC.more intelligentD.more hardworking、2What doesthe underlinedthey inparagraph2refer toA.The data.B,The analyses.C・The previousstudies.D.The statisticalmethods.、3Why wasSchmukles studyconsidered superiorto previousresearchA.It involveda widerage range.B.It hada muchlarger samplesize.C.It includeda largernumber ofcountries.D.It wasconducted overa longerperiod oftime.、4Why doesthe authormention Galtonsfamily backgroundin thelast paragraphA.To confirmGaltons difficultupbringing.B.To suggestGaltons theorymay notbe correct.C.To comparehis experiencewith Galtonsparents.D.To explainwhy Galtonwas interestedin birthorder.Text3The termhealthy obesityhas gainedvalue overthe past15years,but scientistshave recentlyquestioned itsvery existence.Our（肥胖的）new findingssuggest thathealth measuresmay benecessary for all obeseindividuals,even thosepreviously consideredtobe metabolically（代谢的）healthy,nsays studyfirst authorMikael,nSince obesityisthemajor driverchanging gene expression infatcells,we shouldcontinue tofocus onpreventing obesity.Obesity has been aglobal problem,affecting approximately600million peopleworldwide andincreasing the risk ofheartdisease,stroke,cancer,andsoon.But in the1970sand80s,experts beganto questionthe extentto whichobesity increasestheriskforthese disorders.Later studiesin thelate90sandearly2000s showedthat someobese peopleshow arelatively healthylife.However,there areno acceptedmeasures formeasuring metabolically healthy obesity,and whetheror notsuch athing existsis nowupfor discussion.nOur studysuggeststhat the ideaof metabolicallyhealthy obesitymaybemore difficultthan thoughtJMikael（胰岛素）snys,There doesntappear tobeaclear linethat separatesobese subjectswith highor lowinsulin sensitivity,indicating thatobesityisthemajor driverexplaining the changes ingeneexpression.1One limitationof the study isthat itexamined geneexpression onlyin whitefat cells,not othertypes.Moreover,allof the obesesubjectswere scheduledto experienceobesity operations,so thefindings mayonly applyto peoplewith severeobesity.In futureresearch,Mikael andhis groupwill trackthe studypatients aftersurgery todetermine whetherweight lossnormalizes geneexpressionresponses.They willalso lookfor specificgenes linkedto improvedmetabolic healthin thesepeople.In themeantime,thestudyhas animportant take-home message.nObese peoplemay notbe asmetabolicallyhealthyas previouslybelieved/Ryden says.

1、What doesthe underlinedphrase healthyobesity1*meanA.It canbe healthywith obesity.B,Obesity isnecessary tobe healthy.C.Unhealthy peoplehave noobesity.D.Health hassomething todo withobesity.、2What leadsto healthyobesity failingto provetrueA.Lack ofrelated patients.B・Lack ofgenetic evidence.C,Lack ofresearch funding.D.Lack ofneeded standards.、3What advicecan readersget fromthe passageA.People shouldhave ahealthy lifestyle.B,People shouldaccept obesityinaway.C.People shouldkeep abalanced weight.D.People shouldavoid obesityoperations.、4Which canbest describe the authorsintention inwriting thepassageA.Compare,analyze andconclude.B.Show,appreciate,and persuade.C.Introduce,argue andadvertise.D.Present,inform andinspire.Text4“How doyou accountfor yourremarkable achievementsin life’Queen Victoriaof theUK askedHelen Keller.“How doyouexplain thefact thateven thoughyou wereboth blindand deaf,you wereable toachieve somuch^^Ms.Kellefs answerisatribute（致敬）to herkind teacher/aIf it had not been forAnne Sullivan,the nameof HelenKeller wouldhave remained unknown.^^According tospeaker ZigZiglar,Annie Sullivan was nostranger tohardship.She wasalmost sightlessherself andwas,at onetime,diagnosed ashopelessly insane“by hercaregivers.She waslocked inthe basementofamental institution.Occasionally,Anniewould violentlyattack anyonewho camenear.Most of thetimeshe generallyignored everyonein herpresence.An elderlynurse believedthere washope,however,and shemade ither workto showlove tothe child.Every dayshe visitedAnnie,and sheleft cookiesfor herand spokewords oflove andencouragement.She believedAnnie couldrecover,if onlyshe wereshownlove.Eventually,doctors noticedthechangeinthegirl.Where theyonce witnessedanger andhate,they nawnoted agentleness andlove.They movedher upstairswhere shecontinued toimprove.Then theday finallycame whenthis seeminglyhopeless”child wasreleased.Anne Sullivangrew intoa youngwoman witha desiretohelpothers asshe,herself,was helpedby thekind nurse.lt wasshe who（约束）saw thegreat potentialin HelenKeller.She lovedher,disciplined her,played with her,pushed herand workedwith heruntil the（灯塔）flickering candlethat washer lifebecame abeacon oflight tothe world.Anne Sullivanworked wondersin Helenslife;but inwasa lovingnurse whofirst believedin LittleAnnie andlovingly transformedan uncommunicativechild intoa kindteacher.“If ithad notbeen fbrAnne Sullivan,the nameof HelenKeller wouldhave remainedunknown.9,But if ithadnotbeenforakindand dedicatednurse,the nameof AnneSullivan wouldhaveremainedunknown.、1What doesthe underlinedpart accountfor“probably meanA.show B.proveC.explain D.present.、2What dowe knowfromtheThird paragraphA.Sullivan hadvery normalbehavior.B.Sullivan wasignored byeveryone.C.Sullivan waskept awayfrom herparents.D.Sullivanwasbelieved lohave amental problem.、3What wouldbethebest titlefor thenextPart BDirections:A.The Powerof LoveB.Making aDifference C.A GoodTeacher D.Remarkable AchievementsReadthefollowing text andanswer thequestions bychoosing themost suitablesubheading fromthe listA-G foreachnumbered paragraph41-

45.There aretwo extrasubheadings whichyou donot needto use.Mark youranswerson theANSWERSHEET.10points」During thepast tenyears,traditional Chinesemedicine TCM hasbeengaining1popular acrossthe worldThis styleof healthcarehas spreadto183countries Upto now,approximately100international agreements

2.sign withChinese governmenton TCMcooperationOne of the reasonsfor sucha growingtrend isprobably duetotheincrease of

3.science researchinto TCMSince TuYouyou,a Chinesescientist wasawarded NobelPrize forher discoveryof thedrug qinghaosu,TCMhasbecome evenmore4,globe」」famous Whilequite afew5explain havebeen givento supportTCM theories,it isstill facedwith thechallenge in6prove tothepublic thatit hascertain effectswhen usedin medicaltreatment Thatsto say,it issignificant in7,long runfor TCMto teamup withWesternmedicine Scientistshold thebelief

8.using thecollective knowledge,rather thanregarding thetwo approaches

9.being incompetitionis wherethe potentialfor itsenormous effects

10._lie in」Li Na is recognizedwiththe highest honorin herprofession Shebecame thefirst Asian-born player1head tothe InternationalTennisHall ofFame in

2.It cannotcover all3,Li enduredto reachthe top ofthetennis worldAs forher,it meanseverything—the

4.tear,the toughtimes,andthepain Everything

5.pay back」Tennis hasbeen adynamic stagefor some ofthemost6influence peoplein sportsand society,from ArthurAshe toSerenaWilliams LiNaisa worthymember ofthat Hall-a modestwoman fromChina,whose impactin Asiaisthe

7.great」When Li,37,began playingtennis at8most peoplein Chinadid noteven knowwhatthesport wasBut whenshe8win the2011大满贯French Opento becomeChinas firstGrand Slamsingles champion,116million peoplein hercountry watched

9.final ontelevisionBeforethat,people thoughtAsian playerswere notsuitable

10.tennis LiNa,withher1determine andpioneering courage,madepeople realizeit isreachableSection IIITranslationDirections:Translate thefollowingtextinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation ontheANSWERSHEET.15pointsYou knowthe drillwhen itcomes tolosing weight:take infewer caloriesand burnmore calories.1If youYetrying todropa fewpounds fast,these interestingtips willmake iteasy foryou to lose theweight quick.Eat infront ofmirrors andyoull lose weightOne studyfinds thateating infront ofmirrors reducesthe amountpeople eatby nearlyone third.Having tolook yourselfintheeyereflects backsomeofyour owninner standardsand goals.2Sniff abanana oran applewhen youfeel hungry一3Researchers findthatthe more frequentlypeople sniff,the lesshungry theyare andthemoreweight theylose anaverage of30pounds each.One theoryisthatsniffing thefood tricksthe braininto thinkingyoure actuallyeating it.Whether thatsa floor,a coupleof windows,or your car,a150-pound personwill burnabout fourcalories forevery minutespentcleaning.Scrub for30minutes andyou couldwork offapproximately120calories,thesamenumber ina half-cup offrozen yogurt.Start atthe colorblueTheres agood reasonyou wontsee manyfast-food restaurantsdecorated inblue:it helpsto controlan appetite.So serveup dinner、on blueplates,dress inblue whileyou eat,and coveryour tablewithablue tablecloth.5Studies findthey encourageeating.A.You mightfeel silly,but itworks.B.Therefore,adjust youreating habits.C.Wash somethingthoroughly oncea week.D.Thats allit takestoloseasmanypounds aspossible.E.On thecontrary,avoid red,yellow,and orangein yourdining areas.F.In otherwords,it remindsyou ofwhy youretrying toloseweightinthefirst place.G.But youalso knowthat mostdiets andquick weight-loss plansdont workas promised.How toescape froma carin water（老“If youget on your phoneand callyour parentsor yoursister,or911,you willdie,“says RobertMay,a21-year-old veteran兵）oftheIndiana State.No oneelse willarrive intime:you haveto saveyourself.（彳散型货车）、Move quickly.Minivans mightfloat foras longaslO minutes.1In astudy fromthe Universityof Manitoba,three（人体模型）passengers wereable toexist witha childmannequin througha singledriver-side windowin just3seconds.（揭开）Unbuckle yourseat belt,lower your window andclimb out,ideally ontothe roofofthe vehicle.2Unfasten themfrom thebackseat,pull theminto thefront andpush themout ofyourwindow,oldest onesfirst.In Maysexperience,electric carwindows will、continue towork afterfalling intowater.3（淹没）Dont openthe door,water willflood in.Once fullof water,thevehiclewill sinkfast.4Vehicle submersionshave oneofthehighestdeath ratesof anytype ofsingle-motor-vehicle incidents,responsible for400deaths ayear inNorth America.、After youget ontopofyourcar,figure outifitmakes senseto stayput orswim fordry ground.5Just get out first,May says.A.From there,call forhelpB.You willbe thentotally outof danger.C.Research hasbeen doneto confirmthis.D.If thereare childrenpresent,attend tothem first.E.In onestudy,a65-passanger bussank innine secondsF.Still,keep asmall glass-breaking toolonyourkey ring,just incaseG.However,the chancesof survivalare highestif yougetoutinthefirst60seconds参考答案SectionIUse ofEnglish

1、

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.A

5.D

6.AB

7.

8.D

9.C

10.A

11.B

12.C

13.D

14.D

15.A。