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UNIT5WORKING THELAND课时作业（本栏目对应课时作业）P
505.阅读理解IA（湖南省三湘名校教育联盟届高三第一次大联考）2022Teaching thenext generationisan effective way tochange thefuture.A nonprofitorganization inIsrael hastaken this toheart bygreening schoolswith soillessfarming.It iscalled Startup Roots,which isteaching（水培）,students abouthydroponics and as aresult,they arelearning nutritionand science.“Many childrenthink thatvegetables comefrom thegrocery store.They havenoconcept of the chainbehind it.So wetry toconnect kidswith thesource oftheir foodJ saidRobin Katz,founder of this organization.Katz startedit in2014,realizing that many childrenhaveno accessto fresh,healthy andaffordable produce.She wasdrawn tohydroponicsbecause this system uses90percent lesswater andgrows more plants permeter thantraditional farming.Their firstproject createda soillessfarm usingjust100square metersof aschool.Theystarted outby growing14plants permeter.The studentswere excitedto seeresults injust30days and were soon able to produce1,500vegetables permonth!Working withscience teachers,the organizationguides studentsto learnscience andnutrition.In addition,it hasbrought innutritionists toteach theeffect thatfood choiceshaveon health.It soonimproved theirmethods byfixing verticalfarming systems.Since then,their productionhas improvedgreatly,resulting in the productionof120plants permeter.In orderto educatethe generalpopulation,the organizationis alsoworking tocreate aninteractiveurban agricultureexhibit,which istransforming studentsby turningthem intointeractivelearners.More youthhave becomeso fascinatedby theprocess,they areeagerlyresearching plantseeds andare growingplants.“There isno greaterpleasure thanto watchstudents growby growingJ saidKatz.Aside fromproducing organicvegetables inschools,the organizationis plantingroots in thisyoung generation,inspiring themto leadhealthier and more environmentally-friendly lives.l.Why didRobinKatzshow interestin hydroponicsA.It tookless landthan traditionalfarming.Bit causedno damageto theenvironment.C.Itwas easyto producegood vegetables.D.It savedwater andhad ahigher yield.
2.What canwe learnabout thefirst soillessfarmAlt produced120plants permeter.B.It reliedon verticalfarming systems.C.It producedvegetables ina month.D.It wasdesigned byscience teachers.
3.What isthe finalinfluence ofthe newfarming systemA.Students willgrow betterplants.B.Students willchange theirlifestyle.C.Students willprotect environment.D.Students willeat organicvegetables.
4.Which ofthe followingis asuitable title for the textA.Inspiring FutureHydroponic FarmingB.A SoillessFarm onExhibitionC.Researching PlantSeeds inFutureD.Helping StudentsGrow Better【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了以色列一家非营利组织通过新耕作制度（水培法），让学生了解营养和科学，并鼓励学生过更健康环保的生活细节理解题根据第二段中的
1.D“She wasdrawn tohydroponics becausethissystemuses90percent lesswater andgrows moreplants permeter thantraditionalfarming.”可知，水栽培技术消耗更少的水并且产量比传统种植高故选项D细节理解题根据第三段中的
2.C“The studentswere excitedto seeresults injust30days可知，水栽培技术栽种andweresoonabletoproduce1,500vegetables permonth!”的蔬菜在天内可以采摘故选项30C推理判断题根据第一段中的
3.B“Teaching thenext generationis aneffectivewayto和最后两段的内容可判断,指导学生学水栽培技术的终极change thefuture.”StartupRoots目标是改变他们的未来生活方式故选项B标题推测题本文主要讲的是一家非营利组织如何指导学生学习水栽培技术从而
4.A（山东省潍坊市届高三下学期月一模考试）20223Thirtyfve yearsago,with justoneacre ofland,a coupleof seedsandabucket ofhope,one Nigerian-born scientistbegan his（饥荒）mission todefeat famineon hiscontinent.News ofthe droughtacross Africain theearly1980s troubledNzamujo.Equipped withamicrobiology PhDand hisfaith,he travelledback toAfrica.There,he founda continentecologicallyrich,diverse andcapable ofproducing food.He believesdrought wasntthe onlyreasonfor widespreadhunger,and thatsustainability hadbeen leftout.Nzamujo begandesigning a“zero waste“agriculture systemthat wouldnot onlyincreasefood security,but alsohelp theenvironment andcreate jobs.In1985,he startedhissustainable farm“Songhai inthe WestAfrican countryof Benin.Nzamujo liveson thefarm andconstantly updateshis techniques.He creditshis degreesinscience andengineering forSonghais success.But healso thankshis spiritualand culturalroots,and hisfather—a drivingforce inhis lifewho encouragedhim topursue hisstudies tothehighest degreeand to use Songhaito sharehis knowledge.Songhai hasseveral ueco-literacy^development programs.They rangefrom18-monthtraining coursesfor farmer-enterprisers,to shorterstays tolearn techniqueslike weeding.People comefrom allover theworld tostudy Nzamujo,s methods.After seeingsuccess onhis firstzero wastefarm,he expandedthroughout Beninandwestern Africa.Today,the Songhaimodel isapplied acrossthe continent,including Nigena,Uganda,Sierra Leoneand Liberia,Nzamujo saystheyve trainedmore than7,000farmer-enterprisers andmore than30,000people intotal sinceit began.Nzamujo believeszero wasteagriculture isnow steadilytackling theissues heset outtodefeat,hunger,unemployment andenvironmental declines.And hewants tosee itgo further.
5.Which factorrelated tofamine wasunnoticed inNzamujo,s eyesA.Poor soil.B.Watershortage.C.Lack ofresources.D.Unsustainability.
6.What doesthe authorintend todo inParagraph3A.Introduce asolution.B.Give examplesto thereaders.C.Add somebackground information.D.Summarize theprevious paragraphs.
7.How doesSonghai helpto easethe problemof famineA.By offeringland.B.By tradingseeds.C.By educatingfarmers.D.By sellingtechnology.
8.Which ofthe followingbest describesNzamujo A.Critical andcareful.B.Learned andresponsible.C.Optimistic andgenerous.D.Considerate andambitious.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的博士回到Nzamujo非洲，设计“零浪费”农业系统,创立“松海”农场，帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题细节理解题根据第二段可知，在看来，可持续性是被人们忽略了的造成饥
5.D Nzamujo荒的一个原因，换句话说,人们没有注意到农业的不可持续性问题故选项D推理判断题根据第三段可推知，第三段介绍的解决方案，“零浪费”农业
6.A Nzamujo系统故选项A细节理解题根据第五段可知,项目通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题故选
7.C Songhai项C推理判断题根据第二段可知，获得微生物学博士学位的得知非洲人民遭
8.B Nzamujo受饥荒时，带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲，去帮助那里的人们由此推知,不但Nzamujo学识渊博，而且有责任心故选项BC（山东省日照市届高三下学期月一模考试）20223Plants donhave earsor acentralnervous system,but newresearch outoftheUniversity ofMissouri hasdemonstrated thattheymight stillhave theability to“hear”.More specifically,plants havebeen shownto（免疫）exhibit animmune responseto themere soundof ahungry insect.For thestudy,researchers playedthe soundof acaterpillar chewingto agroup ofplants,which causedslight vibrations（振动）on theplants9leaves.The plantswere abletorecognize thesevibration patternsas danger,and respondedby mountingthe appropriateimmuneresponse.In otherwords,it appearsthat plants can hearthemselves beingchewedon.Researchers assumethat plantsachieve thisremarkable abilitythanks toproteins thatrespond to pressurefound withintheir cellmembranes.Vibrations causepressure changeswithinthe cell,which canchange thebehavior ofthe proteins;however,additional studywillbe requiredto confirmor denythis theory.Once researchersidentify theexact mechanismsat playinthisprocess,it couldlead toadvancesin cropprotection.Farmers couldpotentially learntousesound tocause aplantsnatural chemicaldefenses againstinsect threats,rather thanturning topoisonous chemicals.“We canimagine applicationsofthiswhere plantscould betreated withsound orgeneticallyengineered torespond tocertain soundsthat wouldbe usefulfor agriculture/9saidstudy authorHeidi Appel.The studyadds tothe growinglist ofways thatplants havebeen shownto sensetheirenvironments.They arenot theboring organismsthatmanypeople assumethey are.Forinstance,some plantsare ableto communicatewith eachother andsignal upcomingdangerto theirneighbours byreleasing chemicalsinto theair.Plants canrespondtolight thinkaboutsunflowers andtemperature.Some caneven respondto touch,such asthe Venus捕蝇草，flytrap whichsnaps shutwhen aninsect stimulatesits hairs.
9.Why didresearchers carryout thestudy A.To findout if plantscanreact tosounds.B.Tolearn howplants recognizedangers.C.To discoverifplantscan shaketheir leaves.D.To seehowplants improveimmune systems.lO.Whaf sthe potentialuse ofresearchers9discoveryA.To removeinsects.B.To protectcrops.C.To treatplant diseases.D.To producechemicals.
11.What doesthe authorintend totell usinthelast paragraphA.There aremoreplantsthan weknow.B.Plants aremore activethan wethink.C.Plants fitinwell withtheir environments.D.Lots ofsecrets aboutplants remainunclear.
12.What canbethe besttitlefor thetextA.Can Plants“Talk”With EachOtherB.How DoPlants MakeUse ofSoundsC.Can Plants“Hear ThemselvesBeing EatenD.How DoPlants DefendThemselves AgainstAttacks【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文密苏里大学的一项新研究表明，植物可能有“听”的能力，对饥饿昆虫的声音有免疫反应这项发现可以应用于农业以保护庄稼细节理解题根据第一段的内容可知,这项研究的目的是查明植物对声音是否有反应
9.A细节理解题根据第四段内容可知，研究人员的这一发现的潜在用处是保护庄稼
10.B推理判断题根据最后一段可知，植物并不是人们所设想的乏味的生物体，下文举例
11.B说明植物能够互相交流，所以本段想要告诉我们植物比我们想的更加活跃标题推测题通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文讲述一项新的研究:植物可能有“听”
12.C的能力，并讲述了这项发现的潜在应用故项“植物能，听到咱己被吃掉的声音吗”适C合作为文章标题七选五阅读II.（深圳市宝安区学年高三上学期检测）2022Most studentsfeel moreanxiety before andduring an exam.Normal levelsof stresscan help you work,think fasterandmoreeffectively,and generallyhelpyouperform betterin exams.]It cancause yourmind toblank out“ormake youunable toconcentrate.Here aresome strategiesto helpyou keepyour anxietyto amanageablelevel.The betterprepared you get foran exam,the lessanxiety youllsuffer from.2Six weeksbeforethe examsis probablysoon enoughfortheend ofyear exams,depending onwhere youarein yourstudies andwhat yearyou arein.Maintain yourhealth-eat abalanced diet,getenough sleepand exerciseregularly.3Look atexams asan opportunityto applytheknowledge and skills youvebeen learningthroughout theterm.The nightbeforeanexam,（calmly reviewmaterial onefinal time,organize allyour suppliesyour pens,calculator,）eraser,and soon,and geta goodnights sleep.Get tothe examon time.Dont talkto peopleoutsidethe roombecause theirnervousness couldbe catching”.4If youreafraid youwill forgetimportant facts,write themdown assoon asyouget（伸into exam.When needed,take ashort relaxationbreak byclosing youreyes,stretching展）and relaxing muscles,and breathingdeeply.If youstart topanic,tell yourself.UI willstaycalm.I canhandle this.”Read directionscarefully andstay focusedon theexam.5Just keepworking.Never leaveearly yourself.A.Staying positiveis alsoimportant.B.Pay noattention tostudents whofinish early.C.However,too muchanxiety canlower yourperformance.D.Spend sometime thinkingaboutwhat iscausing theanxiety.E.The keyto reducingexam anxietyistostart yourrevisionearly.F.As foranxiety duringanexam,just followthe followingstrategies.G.Remember thatmost peoplefeel tenseat thispoint—it isonly natural.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文大部分同学都存在考前焦虑，正常的压力水平可以帮助人们更快、更有效地工作和思考，在考试中表现得更好，但过多的焦虑则有害文章提供了一些有助于把焦虑保持在一个可管理的水平的建议结合空前后句可知，此处是一个转折句，与正常的压力形成对比,项“然而，过多的
1.C C焦虑会降低你的表现”符合题意结合上下句内容可知，空格处应表达为考试做准备的时间要充分项“减少考试焦
2.E E虑的关键是尽早开始复习”符合题意根据下文，
3.A“Look atexams asan opportunityto applythe knowledgeandskillsyou ve可推知，对待考试要有积极的态度故选氤been learningthroughout theterm.”A根据下文
4.F“If youreafraid youwill forgetimportant facts,write themdown assoon asyouget intoexam.When needed,take ashort relaxationbreak byclosing youreyes,（伸展）可知,这些都是关于考试过stretching andrelaxingmuscles,and breathingdeeply.”程中感到焦虑的一些处理措施项“至于考试期间的焦虑,只需遵循以下策略”符合题F意根据上文.”以及下文
5.B“Read directionscarefully andstay focusedon theexam“Just可知，此处指考试要全神贯注，尤其不要关注做得keep working.Never leaveearly yourself.”快的同学项“不要理会提前完成的学生”符合题意B。
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