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初三的英语语法知识点大全许多英语学习者在实践中积累了丰富的经验,探讨了很多有效的方法下面小编为大家带来初三的英语语法知识点大全,希望对您有帮助,欢迎参考阅读!初三英语语法知识点下面这则广告中的形容词u irresistable里的后缀suffix不对,应该把“-able”改为“-ible”“We offer:competitive monthlysalary,weekly incentives,attractivetransport allowance,incentive tripsand irresistableperformance bonus.到底是“-able”,还是“-ible”?这两者有何不同?现在先从形容词的其他后缀谈起形容词后缀分两大类一类是加到名词上的;另一类是加到动词上的㈠加到名词上的主要有
①-y,如bloody,dirty,healthy,juicy,muddy;2-ly,如costly,friendly,lovely,orderly,timely;3一ful,如careful,faithful,helpful,peaceful,useful;4-less,如careless,harmless,noiseless,senseless,useless;5-ous/-ious,如dangerous;courageous,envious,mysterious;6-al/-tal/-ial/-tial,如accidental,horizontal,colonial,influential;7-ic/-etic/-atic,如artistic,sympathetic,systematic;8-ish,如childish,foolish,selfish;9-like,如life-like,business-like,war-like;10-ed/-en,如skilled,horned,golden,wooden.㈡加到动词上的有
①-ent/-ant,如dependent,different,observant,pleasant;2-able/-ible,如agreeable,comfortable,defensible,sensible;3-ive/-tive/-ative/-itive,如active,attentive,imaginative,sensitive;4-ed/-en,如advanced,noted,stolen,swollen;5一ing,如annoying,disgusting,entertaining.-able/ible出现在第二类后缀中,-able”后缀的形容词属英语体系的字-ible”后缀的形容词则来自拉丁体系前者数量大,后者数量少,主要的是下面这些,可以特别留意accessible,apprehensible,audible,compatible,contemptible,convertible,corrigible,destructible,digestible,divisible,defensible,edible,eligible,exhaustible,fallible,feasible,flexible,forcible,horrible,illegible,intelligible,negligible,perceptible,possible,responsible,resistible,sensible,suspectible,tangible,terrible,visible.现在顺便把名词、动词和副词主要后缀提出,作为参考⑴名词后缀-ment,-t,-ture,-ion/-ition,-al,-ance,-ent,-er,-ant等这些名词后缀都要加到适当的动词上,如arrangement,restraint,fixture,celebration,extension,competition,renewal,assistance,resident,exporter,attendant.-ness,-y/-ty/-ity,-th,-ce/-cy等,可以加到适当的形容词上如darkness,kindness,honesty,loyalty,simplicity,truth,warmth,importance,absence,ungency,efficiency.⑵动词后缀力口至Ij名词上的有-en,-ise/-ize,-fy,一ate,如frighten,apologise,beautify,motivate.力口至ll形容词上的有-ise/-ize,-en,如modernise,realise,brighten,weaken.⑶副词后缀-ly,可以加到形容词和某些名词上,如beautifully,clearly,leisurely,weekly.每个后缀都有一定的意思,但不能脱离词根独立生存,这点要特别注意,以免犯错初三英语语法知识点总结名词的误用,特别是代名词的数和所指引的主语的数不符,使得后头谓语动词的•数也跟着出差错,真是差之毫厘,失之千里,不可不察这里要指出一些方向,以避免因代名词的错误而使包壬的意思模糊不清怎样避免代名词的错误呢?㈠不要用同个代名词指引两个性别一样的名词,如1Mr Litold Mr Lin that he waswrong.这里的he既可指林先生,也可指李先生,含糊不清应该改为
②或
③:2Mr Lisaid toMr Lin,〃I amwrong.〃3MrLisaid toMr Lin,“You arewrong.〃㈡避免把代名词和它所指引的名词隔开太远,如4The manleaned overthe benchfor hoursworking onthe plan.It wastoolow tobe comfortable.这里的代词it离开名词the bench太远,结果关系不清楚,因为在位置上,它更适合指引the plan.在这种情况下,只好避开it,而用名词,即the bench.㈢避免滥用指示代词“this,that”或关系代词“who,which,that”泛指上文的内容例如5Tom sbrother isan accountant,and thisis theprofession everyoneenvies.〃这里的this指“accountant会计师”是一种专业人士,和后头的“专业(profession)并不相称,因此要把this改为accountancy(会计工作),才合句子的意思6The profit from the business was large,which I realised sometime later.这里的“which I realised sometimelater”是句形容词分句,应该出现在先行词后面,不应该脱离出来而独立如果要用它来修饰全句话,更不合逻辑,应该改为
⑦或
(一)有关“疾病”的动词,如:1Helen,s leftlung isinfected.2He isconfined to the houseby illness.3The oldman wasseized withsudden chestpains.二有关“疲乏”的动词,如5I amcompletely exhaustedafter thegame.5Tom wasdone upafter therace.三有关“喜乐”的动词,如6The childrenwere fascinatedby thetoys.7We weredelighted tohear thegood news.8I amvery pleasedto seeyou here.四有关“延迟”或“障碍”的动词,如9The workerswere heldup bythe heavyrain.10The roadwas blockedby ice.11The trainwas delayedby30minutes.五有关“惯性动作”的动词,如12Tom isaddicted tosmoking.13Foreign workersare quiteused tohard work.六有关“烦恼”或“焦急”的动词,如14Who wasupset byJohn15Mother wasannoyed to know this.七有关“惊奇”或“震惊”的动词,如16I wassurprised tosee himhere.17All wereshocked tohear thebad news.
(八)有关包围的动词,如:18The troopswere surrounded.19Troy wasbesieged.九有关“沾污”或“污化”的动词,如20Judys reputationis tarnished.21The waterwas contaminatedwith oil.十有关“害怕”或“混乱”的动词,如22All werefrightened outof theirwits.23He waspuzzled aboutwhat todo next.要注意的一点是,上面这十类动词有些已渐渐失去了动词力量,转化为惯用语初三英语语法知识点归纳
一、定义过去将来时常用于宾语从句或间接引语中过去将来时常用“would+动词原形”或“was/were going to+动词原形”来表达过去将来时的基本特征,也就是我么年今天所谈到的“立足过去,着眼未来”O它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态例如Mary toldme thatshe would go toShanghai byplane.玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海
二、用法
1.表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态I didnt knowwhen he wouldgotothepark.He saidthathewould waitfor meat theschool gate.此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中用“was/were going to+动词原形”,“was/were about to+动词原形”表示将来的动作或状态She toldme she was goingto flyto Yunnan.I wasabout toleave thehouse whenthe telephonerang.和一般将来时一样,也可用相应的其他形式表示
2.过去进行时态有时可用来表示过去将来He saidthe trainwas leavingatfive thenext morning.He saidhe wascoming tosee me.常见于come,go等瞬间动词1基本构成一一Awould+动词原形如He askedme ifI wouldstay here.他问我是否要待在这儿Bwas/were goingto+动词原形如No oneknew whenhewas goingtofinish hishomework.没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业Cwas/wereaboutto+动词原形如He saidthat theywere toleave atsix.他说他们将于6点动身She saidthat themeeting wasabouttobegin.她说会议就要开始了D come,go,arrive,leave,die等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来如She toldus thatshe wasleaving forYunnan.她告诉我们她将要去云南2基本用法一一A主句为过去时,宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情如Nobody knewwhat wouldhappen aftera hundredyears.没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事We wantedtoknowwhether shewasgoingto speakat themeeting.我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言B在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时,用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事如It wasa Sundayafternoon.A youngwoman namedMaria hadjust leftschool.一个星期天的下午,一位名叫玛丽亚的年轻人刚离开学校He wasgoingtostart towork thenext week,so shedecided tobuy somenewclothes anda newpair ofshoes.因为她准备下周开始工作,所以,决定买些新衣服和一双新鞋子C)过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态如If Ihad achance tostudy abroad,I wouldstudy atHarvard University.如果我有机会出国学习的话,我就会去哈佛大学I wishhewouldgo withme tothe cinematonight.今晚他能和我~k起去看电影就好了。
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