线练学校高三英语动词时态一社

始驾州参艰市线练学校高三英语动词时态（-）社【本讲信息】一.教学内容动词时态

（一）二.重难点讲解

1.“I histelephone number.”“I havehis number,but I to bringmy phonebook.A.forget,forget B.forgot,forgotC.forget,forgot D.forgot,forget陷阱容易误选A,认为“忘记”是现在的事分析子细体味一下对话的语境第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空填forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意的转折连词but）,故第二空填forgot,即答案选Co请再看一例—Oh,I wherehe lives.一Don,t youcarry youraddress bookNo,Itobring it.A.forget,forget B.forgot,forgotD.forget,forgot D.forgot,forget答案选C,理由同上

2.I had hoped to see heroff atthe station,but Itoo busy.A.was B.had beenC.would beD.would have been一.动词的分类和形式:动词是表示动作和状态的词动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化

1.动词按其能否作谓语而分为“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种

2.动词的4种基本形式动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词

3.动词按其构成动词词组作用分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词

（1）实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词；

（2）连系动词有两种一种表特征或者状态，另一种表状态变化过程

4.五种不同的短语动词⑴“动词+介词”；⑵“动词+副词”；⑶“动词+副词+介词”；

（4）“动词+名词（或者代词）+介词”；

（5）“be+形容词（包括相当于形容词的过去分词+介词”二.动词的时态

1.普通现在时的用法

（1）表示现在的习惯，时常发生的动作或者存在的状态

（2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力

（3）表示客观事实或者真理

（4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为（只限于是go,come,leave,start,stop,be开始或者挪移意义的词）

2.普通过去时的用法

（1）表示过去的动作或者状态

（2）叙述过去连续发生的事情

（3）表示过去一段时间内时常发生的动作

3.普通将来时的用法

（1）表示将来的动作或者状态

（2）表示将来的时常动作

4.现在进行时的用法

（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作

（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时动作不一进行）

5.过去进行进的用法

（1）过去某一时刻或者某一段时间内正在进行的动作

（2）表示挪移的动词come,start,stay,leave,go词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作

（3）was goingto do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作

6.现在完成时的用法

（1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用

（2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或者状态，甚至延续到将来常与since,for连用，但for,since不能与终止性的动词连用

（3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果

7.现在完成时与普通过去时的区别

（1）现在完成时与现在有联系，它表示过去的动作对现在所产生的结果、影响普通过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作，与现在没什么联系

（2）现在完成时表示过去延续到现在的行为；普通过去时着重过去某一时刻的某一具体动作8过去完成的用法

（1）表示在过去某一或者动作之前已经完成的动作常与by,before介词短语或者一个状语从句或者上下文暗示

（2）表示由过去某一时间开始，向来延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或者since构成的短语或者since引导的从句连用

9.过去将来时的用法表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或者存在的状态

1.When Isaw Mary,she on the piano.A.is playingB.plays C.was playingD.played

2.She thedoor beforeshe goesaway.【摹拟试题】A.had lockedB.is lockingC.has locked.D.was locking.

3.A hunteris aman whoanimals.A.catch B.catches C.will catch D.was catching

4.What ifI drinkthisA.happens B.is happeningC.will happenD.is happened

5.I willvisit youif Fathermo.A.let B.lets C.is lettingD.will let

6.Look out!That treefall down.A.is goingto B.will beC.shall D.would

7.My uncleto see me.He,11be heresoon.A.comes B.is comingC.had comeD.came

8.They can,t leaveuntil theytheir work.A.did B.are doingC.have doneD.has done

9.“Has heseen thisfilmnYes.He itseveral daysago.A.saw B.has seenC.had seenD.was seeing

10.Now Mikeisn,t here.He MrGreen,s.Perhaps heback ina fewminutes.A.went to;is comingB.has goneto;will comeC.has beento;will beD.is goingto;has come

11.That dayhe.his clothesbefore hecame toseeme.A.has washedB.washed C.had beenwashing D.was washed

12.I haven t finishedmy composition.I fortwo hoursand ahalf.A.have writtenit B.have beenwriting itC.wrote it D.am writtingit

13.I will take mydaughter withme whenI ShangHai,A.go to B.will goto C.have beento D.have goneto

14.This brightgirl thetruth infront ofthe enemy.A.didn,t sayB.couldn,t speakto C.said D.didn,ttell

15.The bridgewhich last year looksreally beautiful.A.was built B.built C.was setup D.had beenbuilt

16.When schoolbegin”“Next Monday.”A.has B.does C.did D.is goingto

20.It wassaid thathis fatherA.has diedB.died.C.has beendead D.had died

17.I willhere tillyou giveme somemoney.

21.We wont gounless yousoon.A.had come B.came C.will comeD.comeA.leave B.not leaveC.come I,return

23.Theythe SummerPalacethree

22.six years since Ibegan studyingEnglish.times.

18.I heresince I moved here.A.have gonetoB.have beento C.have beenin D.have goneintoA.They have been B.it isC.It wasD.There areA.will workB.worked C.work D.havebeenworking

24.uHow longhaven twe seeneach other”uWell,it nearlytwo yearssince we

19.Every timeI there,I willbuy himsomething nice.last.”A.is/have met B.was/had metC.is/met D.has been/had metA.went B.will goC.go D.have gone

25.“Have youseen theart exhibition”“No,there.A.it wasnot beingheld B.they didn t hold

26.Don tgetoff thebus untilitC.it hadnot heldD.they wereholding itA.stop B.will stopC.stopped D.has stoppedits gone.

27.u Wherethe recorderI cant seeit anywhere.“it righthere.But nowA.did youput/have putB.have youput/putIC.had youput/was puttingD.were youputting/have put

28.They askedme tohave adrink withthem.I said that it was10yearssinceI_________a gooddrink.A.had enjoyedB.was enjoyingC.enjoyed D.had beenenjoying

29.Don tcome tonight.I wouldrather you_______tomorrow.A.comeB.came C.will comeD.coming

30._______youA.Do/marry B.Have/married C.Have/been marriedD.Are/married【试题答案】15CCBCB6~10ABCAB1T15CBADA〜1620BBDCD2「25DBBCA2630DBABD〜〜陷阱容易误选B或者D,认为前句用了had hoped,所以此句谓语要用E或者D与之呼分析但正确答案为A,前一句谓语用hadhoped,表示的是过去未曾经实现的想法或者打算，可以译为“本想”，而后一句说“我太忙”，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用普通过去时请做以下类似试题答案均为A1We hadhoped tocatch the10:20train,but__________itwas gone.A.found B.had foundC.would findD.would havefound2We hadhoped that you would be ableto visitus,but you.A.didn,tB.hadn,tC.needn,tD.would nothave3We hadwanted tocome tosee him,but weno time.A.had B.had hadC.wouldhave D.would havehad4I hadexpected tocome overtoseeyou lastnight,ubt someoneand Tcouldn,t get away.A.called B.had calledC.would callD.would havecalled5The trafficaccidentwouldn thave happenedyesterday,but thedriverreally careless.A.was B.isC.were D.had been

3.Dear me!Just atthe time!I noidea itwas solate.A.look,have B.looking,hadC.look,had D.looking,have陷阱此题容易误选D,认为第一空用现在分词表伴有，第二空填have的普通现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性分析其实，此题选C,第一空填look,因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空填had,因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看固然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然是“过去”的事，故用普通过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选

4.“Your phonenumber againI________quite catchit.”“It s4331577,,A.didn,tB.couldn,tC.don tD.can,t陷阱此题容易误选C,认为此处要用普通现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”分析其实，此题答案选A,根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”是在说此话以前\故用普通过去时态请看以下类似试题1“Mr Smithisn tcoming tonight.”“But he_____.”A.promises B.promisedC.will promiseD.had promised答案选B,“他答要来”发生在过去2“Hey,look whereyou aregoing!”“Oh,I mterribly sorry..”A.Im notnoticing B.I wasn t noticingC.I haven t noticedD.I don,t notice答案选B,“我没注意”是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，固然注意到了3“Oh its you!I you.”T vehad myhair cut.”A.dicin t realize B.haven t realizedC.didntrecognize D.don,t recognized答案选C“没认出是你是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方，，4uWhat,s hernew telephonenumbern Oh,IA.forgetC.had forgottenD.am forgetting此题选A,从语境上看，“忘记”的时间是现在,即指现在不记得了“Since youve agreedto go,why aren,tyougetting ready”“But Ithat youwouldhave mestart atonce.A.don,t realizeB.didn,t realizeC.hadn t realized D.haven trealizedB.forgot6“It stwelve oclock,I thinkI mustbe offnow.”“Oh,really Iit atall.”A.don,trealizeB.haven trealized答案选Bo“没意识到”是对方提醒之前的事C.didn,trealizeD.hadn,trealized

5.Mr Smitha bookabout Chinalast yearbut Idon t know whether he has finished it.A.has writtenB.wroteC.had writtenD.was writing陷阱:容易误选B或者C答案选Co“没意识到”是在听到的话之前的事分析:此题选D,这是由but Idon,tknowwhetherhehasfinishedit这一句话的语境决的,全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了”有的同学可能由于受lastyear的影响而误选Bo但若选B,则句子前半的意思则变为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”，既然是“写了”，那末这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了相矛盾【典型例题】

1.Look atthat littleboy wanderingabout—perhaps hehis mother.A.will loseB.is losingC.had lostD.has lost

2.It sgood thatwe tothe parkbecause its startedto rain.A.don,t goB.hadn,t goneC.didn,t goD.wasn tgoing

3.I forfive minutes;why dont theycomeA.am callingB.calledC.was callingD.havebeencalling

4.You yourturn soyou11have towait.A.wi11miss B.have missedC.are missingD.had missed

5.We tomove butare stillconsidering whereto goto.A.are decidingB.decidedC.have decidedD.had decided

6.I leftmy penonthedesk andnow itsgone;who___________itA.took B.has takenC.willtakeD.had taken

7.They wont buyany newclothes becausethey moneyto buya newcar.A.save

8.were savingC.have savedD.are saving

8.I yourlast point-could yousay itagainA.dicin t quite catchB.don,t quitecatchC.hadn,t quitecatchD.can,tquitecatch

9.You11never guesswho Imet today—my oldteacher!We___________for20years.A.don,t meet B.havent metC.hadn,tmetD.couldn tmeet

10.T feelsure Iher beforesomewhere.A.was tomeetB.have metC.had metD.would meet

11.They havent arrivedyet butwe themat anymoment.A.are expectedB.have expectedC.are expectingD.will expect

12.I thinkyou mustbe mistakenabout seeinghim atthe theatre;Imsure heabroadall week.A.is B.wasC.has beenD.had been

13.The studentsbusily whenMiss Brownwent togetabook she in theoffice.A.had written,left B.were writing,has leftC.had written,had leftD.were writing,had left

14.T triedto phoneher,but even as Ishe wasleaving thebuilding.A.phoned B.would phoneC.had phonedD.was phoning

15.“I supposeyou thatreport yet”“I finishedit yesterday,as amatter offact.”A.didn,t finishB.havent finishedC.hadn,tfinishedD.wasntfinishing

16.一Didn tthe guardsee himbreaking into the bank一No,hein the otherdirection.A.was lookingB.had lookedC.looked D.is looking答案与解析

1.选Do根据那个小男孩徘徊的现象，推知他可能是找不到妈妈了用现在完成时表示结果

2.选Co句意为“好在我们（刚才）没有去公园，因为天（现在）已始下雨了”

3.选Do用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在的一段时间

4.选B,用现在完成时表示结果，即你已经错过了机会，其结果是你只能

5.选Co用现在完成时表示影响

6.选B用现在完成时表示影响或者结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果

7.选Do用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作

8.选Ao从下文的语境看，既然现在叫对方重复一遍，说明“没听清对方的最后一点”发生在过去（即说此话之前）

9.选Bo用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间

10.选Bo before用作副词时不与具体时间连用，泛指“以前”，通常与普通过去时或者现在完成时连用

11.选Co用现在进行时表示目前的一种状态

12.选Co用现在完成时表示影响或者结果，即他整个星期都在国外，所以你说你在剧院见过他，你一是搞错了

13.选Do”把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时啪en表示的是时间的一点，表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下，曲en所引导的动作发生因此前一句用过去进行时

14.选Do注意evenas的意思，它表示“正当……的时候”或者“恰当……的时候”

15.选Bo注意下文语境一一事实上，我昨天就做完了从该回答的语气上猜测，填空处填现在完成时42^o

16.选Ao表示当时正在进行的动作阅读练习Something inchocolate couldbe usedto stopcoughs andlead tomore effectivemedicines,say UKresearchers.Their studyfound thattheobromine,found incocoa,was nearlya thirdmore effectivein stoppingcoughsthan codeine,which wasconsidered the best coughmedicine atpresent.The ImperialCollege Londonresearchers whopublished theirresults onlinesaid thediscovery couldleadto moreeffective coughtreatment.uWhile coughingis notnecessarily harmful（有害的）it canhave amajoreffect onthe qualityof life,and thisdiscovery couldbe ahuge stepforwardin treatingthis problem,“said ProfessorPeter Barnes.Ten healthyvolunteers（志愿者）were given theobromine,codeine orplacebo,a pillthat containsno medicine,during the experiment.Neither thevolunteers northe researchersknew whoreceivedwhich pill.The researchersthen measuredlevels of capsaicin,which isused inresearch tocausecoughing andas asign ofhow wellthe medicineare stoppingcoughs.The teamfound that,when thevolunteers were giventheobromine,the capsaicinneed toproduce a cough wasarounda thirdhigher thaninthe placebo group.When theyweregivencodeine theyneed onlyslightly higherleversofcapsaicinto causeacoughcompared withtheplacebo.The researcherssaidthattheobromine workedby keepingdown averve activity（神经活动）,which causecoughing.They alsofound thatunlike somestandard coughtreatments,theobromine causedno side effects suchas sleepiness.

53.According toProfessor Barnes,theobromineA.cannot beas effectiveas codeineB.can beharmful topeople shealthC.cannot beseparated fromchocolateD.can bea moreeffective curefor coughs

54.What wasused intheexperimentto causecoughingA.Theobromine.B.Codeine.C.Capsaicin.D.Placebo.

55.We learnfrom thetext thatvolunteers inthe experimentA.were patientswith badcoughsB.were dividedintothethree groupsC.received standardtreatmentsD.suffered littlesideeffects

56.Which ofthe followingwouldbethebesttitle forthe textA.Codeine:A NewMedicine B.Chocolate MayCure CoughsC.Cough Treatment:A HardCase D.Theobromine CanCause Coughs参考资料:。