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第十九章词义辨析
1.方位介词on,over,above平等的范围不搭界表面接触There isa shipthe river.on:在垂直的正上方＜反〉There isbridge theriver.over:under高于，不一定垂直〈反〉There isa planeflying thebridge.above:below+方位名词Beijing isthe Northof China.
2.in,on,toHunan is在范围内的某个方向the southof Hubei.in:Japan istheeast ofChina.两个平等的范围相互搭界两个on:to:
3.in front of,in thefront of在…前面（范围之外）in frontof:在…的前部（范围之内）-in thefrontof:There isa carthe houseand Tomsits thecar.
4.cross,across,through穿过，越过Dont the street whenthe lightis red.cross:v.Be carefulwhen walkingthestreet.从表面横穿across:prep.The girlswam theEnglish Channellast month.从内部空间穿through:prep.Huangpujing runsShanghai city.
5.in thetree,on thetree不是树上结的东西in thetree:There aretwo birdsand amonkey thetree.树上长的on thetree:There aremany bigapples thetree.
1.with,in,by,through〃用工具with:with apen/with ahammer用语言、材料、书写的方式in English/in ink/in paint/in LargeLetters/in shorthandby bus/byin:by:hand/by teaching用方式、方法、手段through hardwork通过…途径Jhrough:
2.in future,in thefuture
4.job,work从今以后的全部将来可数工作，职业，任务，职责Pin future:=from nowon job:n.[in thefuture:将来的某一时刻work:v.n.不可数I muststudy hardin futureand Iwill succeedin thefuture.
5.accept,receive
3.sound,noise,voice主动接受强调主观accept:飞泛指一切声音收到强调客观情况ound:receive:噪音y noise「嗓音voice
6.alone,lonely独自的，一个人的alone adj.表语客观adv.状语单独地，独自地lonely表语孤独的，寂寞的主观adj.定语偏僻的，荒凉的，孤独的I wastravelling alonein thelonely mountain.I didntfeel lonelythough Iwas alone.穿戴
7.后接衣服强调穿的动作put onPut on the coat.后接衣服强调穿戴的状态wearShe iswearing ablue dressand amink coat.dress后接人dress sb.（动作）给别人穿衣服（动作）给自己穿衣服衣dress oneselfbe dressedin+月艮（状态）后接颜色或衣服强调状态in She is ina reddress.have onThe Emperorhad nothingon atall.花费
8.时间主语或物时间take itIt takes sb.++to dosth.金钱/时间主语人金钱/时间spend sb.+spend++on sth.+in doingsth.金钱/时间主语物金钱/时间cost sth.+cost+sb.+金钱主语人金钱pay sb.+pay++for sth.
9.say,speak tell,talk,chat9说，讲强调说的内容say vt.和•说vi.・・say to sb.speak Vt.讲某种语言.侧重讲的动作vi speakto sb.告诉，讲述tell vt.story,lie,joke,truth tellsb.Sth.=tell sth.to st.谈话，谈论talk vi.talk abouttalkwith/to sb.制造
10.〃原材料看得见be madeof+Wine is made grapes.原材料看不见多种材料混合be madefrom+This caris made_________________Germany.产地be madein+Cotton is made clothes.制造者be madeby+The houseismadewood.看，（动作）
11.borrow,lend,keep look:vi.look atborrowsth.from sb.借入，往里借see:看见（结果）借出，向外借,lend sthtosb.观看（电视，戏剧，比赛，演出）watch:时间段Jceep+持有阅读（书报杂志）jead
12.steal,rob
15.listen,hearsteal sth.from sb./sp.从某人/某地那里偷某物（听（动作）listen:vi.listen tojobsb/sp.of sth.抢某人/某地某物听见（结果）1hear:
16.look for,find,find out
13.used to寻找（动作）look for:过去常常做某事rused to do发现（结果）y find:习惯做某事J be/get used to doing[be通过调查发现、查明事实，真相.find out:被用来做…used todo一言辨异成品be madeinto+My kiteismadeUncle Tom.My fatherused todrive towork,but She looked forher lostring everywhere,but shenowheisusedtowalk.didnt findit.The nextday shefound outthat aboy had
14.look,see,watch,read stolenit.
17.discover,invent发现偶然原本就存在的东西或事实真相discover:Columbus discoveredNew Continent.invent:发明原本没有的，创造出来的Edison inventedthe light.
18.sleep,asleep,sleepy睡觉r sleep:n.v.go to sleep;sleep agood sleep（表asleep:adj.fall asleepbe asleep语）困sleepy:adj.feel sleepy倦的^sleeping:n.sleeping bag/sleeping car/a sleepingbaby睡觉（定语）
19.上床，就寝强调动作r goto bedgo入睡，睡着了强调结果tosleepfall自然而然，不知不觉睡着强调动作睡asleep着了的强调状态I beasleep
24.be strictin,be strictwith对某事（工作、学习）严格要求,be strictin sth.:对某人严格要求^.be strictwith sb.:their students.Students must be stricttheir studyand teachersmustbestrict
20.bring,take,fetch,carrybring带来从别处带到说话人这里带走从说话人这里带到别处take去取I fetch=go andget拿，运送，肩扛手提，不标明方向carry
21.die,dead,dying,death,die of,die from死瞬间动词die vi.无生命的，死的dead adj.现在分词垂死的，要死的dying死亡death n.死于…（疾病，衰老）内部原因die of死于…（地震，事故）外部原因die from
27.have goneto,have been to,have beenin,have beenaway去了某地have goneto:去过某地have beento:在某地呆着（一段时间）have beenin:离开某地（一段时间）have beenaway
28....enough to...,too...to...足够…而能够（做）...enough to...太…而不能（做）too...to...
29.be famousfor,be famousasbe famousfor因…而著名（不同概念）China isfamous the Great Wall.作为…而出名（同一概念）China isfamous anancient country.be famousas
30.besides,except,except for,besides:除了…之外（还）,附加关系+法=in additionto除了之外，排除关系-法不可放在句首，用代替.except:・・・except forEnglish,they alsostudy maths,physics andchemistry.He goes to schoolSunday.He answeredall thequestions thelast one.一段时间
31.some time,sometime,some times,sometimessome timesometimeadv.某时几It tookme tofinish thereport.次，几倍偶We willmeet nextweek.some times尔，有时We havebeentotheGreatWallI sometimesShegoestoschool onfoot.口诀分开是“一段”相聚在“某时”；分开是“倍次”相连是”有时ss
32.多少？对数量提问（可数）How many多少？对数量提问（不可数）How much多长时间？对时间段提问How longfor+多久以后？对将来时中时间段提问How soonin+多远？对距离提问How farHowoften多长时间一次？对频率提问
33.hear of/about,hear fromcall on sb.hear of/about:听说间接听到或听说某人某事drop inat sp.收到...来信drop inonsb.hear from:
36.forget,leave,lose
34.manage to,try to,try doing记不起，忘记了设法做成某事forgetmanage todo:把某物落在某地，企图，设法去做某事leavetry todo:丢了，找不到了尝试做某事losetry doing:参观，拜访到达
35.
37.光顾、参观某地；看望、拜访某不及物visit sp/sb.arrive arrivein/at人不及物get gettocall atsp.及物reach
38.a numberof,the numberof大量，许多，后接复数名词，谓语动词用复数a numberof:..的数量中心词是谓语动词用单数the numberof:・number,A numberof teachersare presenttoday,the numberof themis
300.
39.much too,too much,too manymuchtoo:太,非常，后接形容词或副词He can9t writeon acard.太多，后接不可数名词，或修饰行为动词，置于句末too much:There iswaterhere.太多，后接复数名词too many:Therere applesonthetree.
40.compare to,compare with把比作（有相似性）compare...to...:・・・・・・He oftencompares theworld toa stage.把...和相比较（有对比性）compare...to/with...:・・・Dont comparemy planwith others.
41.对某人来说做某事是的强调客观easy,hard,difficult,possible,It is+adj.+for sb.to doimpossible某人是…的去做某事强调主观他是个什么good,kind,nice,honest,cleverIt is+adj.+of sb.todo
42.What ishe like样的人？指内在特征kind,nice,clever,honest,shy,polite,quiet,frank,What doeshelooklike他长的什么样子？指外在特征beautiful,pretty,smart,handsome,tall,short,fat,二你认为…怎么样？问观点，看法How doyou like...What doyou thinkof...。
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