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类雅思小作文之书信写作G由于G类考生相对于A类考生人数较少,考生对于书信写作日勺注重不够,在G类分数规定越来越高的日勺今天,考生特别要注意书信语调时把握下文中,前程百利雅思专家专家将从四个方面对于如何选择合适的语调和措辞进行阐明
一、审题把握把握好G类书信语调的第一步,就是要弄清写信的规定和背景雅思书信写作题目就是由背景信息和写作任务两个部分构成日勺,我们可以将其提成私人信件和事务性信件两种类型写给亲朋好友的信可以归为前者,如友谊信,请看下面这个例子
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01.15You aregoing to have abusiness tripand arrangeyour friendto lookafter yourchildren.Write aletter to the friend.You should:
1.Tell him/her whichkind offood yourchildren likeand dislike
2.Tell him/her whichkinds of activities yourchildren canattend
3.Tell him/her thetime you will pickup yourchildren.根据背景分析,这封书信是写给朋友祈求协助在自己出差期间照管孩子的,显而易见,这是一封私人信件,由于对方是好友,写信的语调可以比较轻松和随意,在阐明具体内容时,措辞不必讲究但要礼貌再来看一种例子
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02.07Your friendshave beenout onholiday andask you to stayat theirhouse.However,thereis aproblem witha pieceof equipmentin thekitchen.Write aletter to them.In yourletter,you should:
1.Describe yourfeeling attheir home
2.Describe whatthe problemis
3.Describe whataction youhave done to solvethe problem这是一封抱怨信,写信人在朋友度假期间帮朋友看守房屋,在信中向朋友阐明厨房用品欧I问题,这并非商务场合和正式交涉,切不可义正词严
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09.05You areliving in an English-speaking countryand the restaurant nearyou ismaking alotof noiseeveryday.Write aletter totherestaurantowner.In yourletter,you should.
1.say howyou aredisturbed bynoise
2.give some suggestions tofix theproblem
3.tell theowner furtheraction willbe takenif thisproblem remainsunsolved.这封信同属抱怨信,我们来比较一下它与上一封信的区别,这封信是写给餐馆经理时,阐明对于餐馆噪声区1不满,收信人与写信人并不熟悉甚至从未谋面,过于熟络日勺语调和措辞,或者在朋友之间使用的抱怨性较强的词汇都应尽量避免前程百利将常用的书信分为如下几类询问信、建议信和求职信一般较为正式;友谊信属于非正式信件;投诉信、道歉信、邀请信、感谢信的语调要根据具体状况而定考生需要注意题目所描述的背景和对收信人日勺设定,分清写信对象,精确而恰本地把握题目规定,走好G类书信第一步
二、信头称呼所谓称呼是指写信人对收信人口勺称呼用语,一般用“dear”开头,在称呼后可以用逗号(英式)或是冒号“美式”
1.如果是写给亲戚或是关系密切的朋友,我们习惯于在“Dear”后加上对其时称呼或是名字given name如Dear mother或者是Dear Emma;o
2.如果是写给一家公司或者不懂得具体职衔日勺人,可以用Dear Siror Madam或T WhomItMay Concern;
3.如果懂得具体职衔但不知其姓氏,可以以其职位称呼,如Dear ChiefAccountant;
4.如果写信人懂得收信人口勺姓名和性别,但关系不够密切,只属于一般往来,Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms/Miss Wang会显得和谐却不随便;
5.止匕外,也可以用学位及职称加上姓氏或者全名,如Dear Dr.Will Smith,Dear Prof.Professor JaneAustin
三、语调斟酌正文作为整个信件内容最重要的部分,所选用H勺词汇和句式无不体现着写信人的态度和语调,应当根据不同的信件内容进行挑选和斟酌投诉信1投诉信的收信对象可以是比较熟悉的人,如抱怨邻居宠物过于吵闹,也可以是针对公司甚至不熟悉的机构或者某个事件而写的I,如对社区体育设施的拆除体现不满You heardthat asports centerwould beclosed.Write aletter tothe manager.In thisletter,you should:
1.Tell howyou heardabout thenews.
2.Say what your opinionis aboutit.
3.Explain howit impactsyour life.由于对象是某运动中心经理,措辞方面就应当较为礼貌,如下的词句是可以选用作为陈述问题H勺句型I amwriting to you tocomplain about...I amwriting to express mydissatisfaction with...There aresome problemswith・・・that I wish tobring to attention.值得注意的是,也完全没有必要像公文那么正式,只要言语恰当就可以在论述问题时可以多以客观性描述为主,辅以主观的感受,显得更有说服力,如I found…I feelquite disappointedthat***在结尾部分阐明盼望时,也可以搭配同样的语调I hope that theauthorities concernedwill consider my suggestionsand improvethe situationasbest asthey can.I sincerelyhopethatit willreview itsmanagement system,with theview toproviding,better servicetothepublic.We trustthat youwill nowconsider thismatter seriouslyand makean effortto preventtherecurrence ofthis kind.如果是针对邻居再三浮现的已经提示过诸多次日勺问题,我们可以措辞更为非正式某些,如Ican hardlybear/tolerate/put upwith itany more.但也不意味着可以浮现“guy”等过于口语风格化的语句)工作申请信2G类考生许多都是有工作经验的J人,或者曾经有过写工作申请的经历,由于收信人多是公司或者经理级的人,言辞之间应当以正式语调为主I wishto applyfor theposition of---which youadvertised in---I amvery interestedin exploringthe possibilityof obtaininga positionas•••with yourcompany.结尾部分在论述但愿约见进行面试时,也选用某些较为缓和语调日勺动词如“hope”来体现I amavailable foran interviewevery afternoon.Please contactme at…I hopethat afterreviewing myenclosed resumeyouwillkindly giveme aninterview sothat I canelaborate onmy studiesand workingexperience.I hopeyou wouldconsidermyapplication favorablyand grantme aninterview.)道歉信3此类信件的语调要视收信人是谁而定,但中国有句老话说得好“礼多人不怪”,至始至终保持一种歉意的态度是此类信件要注意的I细节Your neighborshave recentlywritten to youtocomplain about the noises from yourflat/house.Write aletter toyour neighbor.In yourletter
1.explain thereasons for the noise
2.apologize
3.describe whataction youwill take对方是熟识H勺邻居,即便如此,来自于写信人公寓H勺噪声对其干扰仍然是不可原谅H勺,对于对方日勺抱怨信,尽管我们可以选用熟络的语言来致歉,但语调和态度仍然需要诚恳,如I amreally sorryforthenoisesfrommy flat/house.I hopeyou canaccept myapologies.I amtrying to•••I promise---这样的语句会让收信人觉得写信人是极有诚意解决这件事情日勺,起到了积极致歉日勺效果其她可供参照的语句有I amawfully/terribly sorryfor whatI havedone.I feelvery guiltyfor whatI havedonetoyou.I amafraid whatI havedone hascaused manyinconveniences toyou.Please acceptmy mostcordial andhumblest apologiesfor***once more.I willtry myutmost notto makesuch astupid mistakeagain.I amso sorrytohaveput youto somuch trouble.4)建议信前程百利雅思专家分析觉得,一方面考生们耍分清晰建议信和抱怨信有着本质欧I区别,前者着重在于给出某些中肯口勺建议,语调是可以商榷沟通的,相对比较缓和,而抱怨信的目的是为了阐明问题并得到对方的答复和解决,并且这一问题常常给写信人带来生活上较大日勺不便建议信的重点在于在肯定原有成绩日勺基本上,尽量选用较为“乐观、积极”区I词语体现自己对信中所述问题的爱好甚至是参与愿望如I amdelighted tolearn•••In mypoint ofview,it would be betterto…I amvery interestedin•••I amready tooffer theinformation needed.请看下面这个例子You area memberofasports clubinanold building.Now allthe membersare askedto providesuggestionstothemanager ofthe clubabouttheimprovement ofthe clubbuilding.Write aletterto offersomesuggestions.In yourletter,you shouldsay:
1.Why theclub isimportant toyou
2.What yoursuggestions are
3.What benefitsthe memberscan obtainafter improvement.写信人被规定向一家体育俱乐部的经理提出俱乐部设施的升级建议,某些有建设性日勺中肯建议再通过积极参与日勺态度体现出来,会更容易被接纳5)感谢信在写感谢信时,分清收信人尤为重要,本是密切的近年好友,如果用词过于客气和庄严会让人觉得矫情,对于较为陌生的收信人,如下的体现就比较合适I takethis opportunityto expresstoyoumy deepappreciation forthe kindassistance yourenderedme.I wishthere werea betterword than“thanks”toexpressmy appreciationfor yougeneroushelp.My appreciationtoyoufor yourgenerous helpis beyondwords.IwishI couldrepay itoneday.Please acceptmy mostcordial thanksfor yourtimely help,which Iwill alwaysremember.Thank youfrom thebottom ofmy heartfor yourkind help.)询问信6在询问时,某些常用的客套体现是必要的I wouldlike toobtain someinformation about***I wouldlike somedetailed informationon/about...I amwriting toyou inthe hopethatImay obtain...I wonderif・・•此外一处体现礼貌原则的部分是在结尾对于收信人将要提供的协助予以感谢I wouldbe muchobliged toyou ifyou couldlet meknow•••Your promptand favorableattention tomy inquirywouldbehighly appreciated.I amlooking forwardtoafavorable replyatyourearliest convenience.
四、收尾落款签名处的落款也有一定的规定,如果在称呼处用的是“Dear Mr.”等,我们习惯在此处用Yours sincerely”,如果是称呼“Dear Siror Madam,我们就会用aYours faithfully”结尾如果和收信人关系较为密切,Yours,With love等甚至直接留下名字都是可以接受的。
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