虚拟语气用法详解

河高高三英语语法专题讲练一一虚拟语气用法

一、条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在用did be were would/should/might/could+do过去had donewould/should/might/could havedone用did bewere should+dowere todo将来would/should/might/could+do现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气如1If hewere free,he wouldhelp us.If hestudied atthis school,he wouldknow youwell.过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气如2If I had seen the film,I would have toldyou about it..假如If Ihad gotthere earlier,I would have metMr.Li将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气如3If he should go to QingHua University,he wouldmake fulluse ofhis time.If hewere tocome here,he wouldtell usaboutit.注意当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有时，可省略，而将等词置

1.were,should,had if were,should,had于句首如Should heagree togo there,we wouldsend himthere.Were shehere,she wouldagree withus.Had helearnt aboutcomputers,we would have hiredhim towork here.错综时间虚拟语气

2.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相对应的调整If Iwere you,I wouldhave goneto thetheatre last night.If you had followedmy advicejust now,you would be betternow.

二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气

1.的结构为:原形动词这些动词可归纳记忆为这个形式，即should+“I dropcaps”insist,demand,等request,require,recommend,order,persist,command,advise,propose,suggestThe teacheradvised that we shouldmake gooduse ofevery minutehere.注意

①当的意思为坚决认为，坚持说；的意思为说明，暗含，暗示等时，宾语从insist suggest句一般不用虚拟语气如Tom insistedthat he hadnt stolenthe watch.His smilesuggested that hehadsucceeded inthis exam.

②表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的名词充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时，表语从句及同位语从句都须用虚拟语气其虚拟语气的结构为+动词原形如shouldWe followedhis advicethat we should askour teacherfor help.His suggestionis that we should do ourwork morecarefully.之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气其虚拟语气

2.wish的结构为表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构现在过去时be用were过去had done将来原形动词would/could/might/should+例如我希望我已学好了英语I wish I learntEnglish well,我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿I wishIhad been therewith themlast week..他希望我们能去跟他做游戏He wisheswe couldgo andplay gameswith him注意后虚拟语气使用情况和一样as if/though,if onlywish之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气其虚拟

3.would rather,语气的结构为表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构现在/将来过去时用bewere过去had done我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影rd rather youhadseenthefilm yesterday.我倒想你现在在这儿rd ratheryou werehere now.，我们倒想你明天去那儿We dratheryouwent heretomorrow.

三、主语从句中的虚拟语气在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语其的结构为动词原形，此时译为“竟然”Should4-句型1It isimportant/strange/necessary/natural•••that***2It isa pity/a shame/no wonder---,that---3It issuggested/requested/desired/proposed/•••.that…如It isimportant thatweshoulddo wellin ourlessons first.很奇怪，他竟没有来It isstrange that heshould not come.真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面It isa pitythatweshouldnotmeet lastnight.

四、特殊情况表示:“早该做某事了”时，从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为

1.It ishigh主语+动词的过去式/动词原形如/about time that+should+我该去学校接我的女儿了It istimethatI wentto pickup mydaughter atschool.你早该上班了It ishigh timeyou shouldgotowork.副词介词等可替代条件句，引起虚拟语气

2.or,otherwise,with,without,but forI was illthat day.Otherwise,I wouldhave takenpart in the sportsmeeting.But foryour help,we wouldnt havefinished thework sosoon.虚拟语气练习题精选（就看至了美丽的塔）（）

1.Had itnot beenfor theheavy fog,you Uinthedistance easilylast Tuesday.see，（我们听取）（）

2.What apity!We drather/our teachersadvice yesterday,take（能避免）（）

3.With alittle morecare youthis trafficaccident,avoid（没偷）

4.When thepolice tookthe suspectto thepolice station,he insistedthat hethe ladyspurse and（释放）.（）thathesteal,set（被录取了）（）

5.How IwishIthe keyuniversity,admit.（断了）.（）

6.When apencil ispartly ina glassof water,it looksas ifit break（本来能够避免的）（）

7.Many coalmine accidentsifwehad followedthe strictsafety rules.avoid「（听你的劝告）（）

8.Look whatmistakes vemade,If onlyI.follow（万——你被解雇），（）

9.your healthcare andother benefitswill notbe immediatelycut off.fire（发奖）（）

10.The suggestionthat themayor has been acceptedby everyone.present（采取措施）（）

11.It ishigh timethatweprotect theenvironment,measure（就会参观）

12.We lostour wayin thatsmall village,otherwise wemore placesof interestyesterday.（福建卷）2012（我没有喝）（）（湖北卷）

1..If alcohollastnight.I couldhave drivenmy carhome.drink2011（）

14.Had wenot usedan out-of-date trainschedule,we thetrain.miss（湖北卷）2012要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会误了火车

15.Most believehefor Englandlast week,but fora seriousinjury which（）（湖北卷）put himout offootball.play2013多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而辞别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的

1.The teacherdemanded thatthe exambefore eleven.A.must finishB.would be finished C.befinished D.must befinished

2.He istalking somuch aboutAmerica as if hethere.A.had beenB.hasbeenC.was D.has gone

3.The youngman insistedthathenothing wrongand free.A.did;set B.had done;should be setC.shoulddo;besetD.had done;must beset

3.1suggested therebe akindof languageall couldunderstand anduseA.can;it B./;/C.would;it D.may;/

5.The ordercame thatthe medicalsupplies toBeijing forthe Sarssoon.A.would be sent B.should sendC.besentD.must besent

6.It isimportant thatwe wildanimals.A.will protectB.should protectC.shall protectD.are protecting

7.Had youlistened tothe doctor,you allright now.A.are B.were C.would beD.wouldhavebeen

8.today,he wouldget thereby Friday.A.Would heleave B.Was heleavingC.Were heto leaveD.If heleave

9.Should itrain,the crops.A.wouldbesaved B.wouldhavebeen savedC.will besaved D.hadbeensaved

10.He treatedme asthough/asifhis ownson.A.I am

1.11you someB.I wouldbe money,butC.IwasD.I wereIhadnt anyon methen.A.would lendB.wouldhavelent C.could lendD.may havelent

12.If onlyI mywatch!A.hadnt lostB.havent lostC.didnt lostD.dont lose

13.We thework ontime withoutyour help.A.hadnt hadfinished B.didnt havefinishedC.couldnt havefinishedD.cant havefinished

14.---“What willyou doduring thesummer holiday---I dontknow,but itshigh timesomething/9A.Im decidingB.Til decideC.I decidedD.Idecide

15.Tm gladI wentover allmy notes;otherwise.A.I mayhave failedB.Id failC.Td havefailed D.Ill havefailed。