坚持“双看”原则,走出定语从句迷局

坚持〃双看〃原则，走出定语从句迷局迷局I先行词指物，关系词不一定用which或that例He wrotea letterhe explainedwhat hadhappenedin theaccident.A.what B.whichC.where D.how答案与解析c定语从句的先行词为a letter,指物，所以很多考生不假思索地选了B,而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句中作状语，相当于in which,所以应该选择C迷局H先行词指地点，关系词不一定用where例Finally hereached a lonely islandwas completelycutoff fromthe outsideworld.A.when B.whereC.which D.whom答案与解析:c定语从句的先行词为alonelyisland,指地点,所以很多考生不假思索地选了B,而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以选择C迷局HI先行词指时间，关系词不一定用when例By1630,was almostclosing time,nearly allthepaintings hadbeen sold.A.which B.whenC.what D.that答案与解析A定语从句的先行词为1630,指时间，所以很多考生不假思索地选了B,而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句作主语，且为非限制性定语从句，所以选择Ao迷局IV先行词指原因，关系词不一定用why例The reasonhe gavefor beinglate washe oversleptthis morning.A.why；thatB.why；becauseC.which；thatD.which；because答案与解析c第一个空应该填定语从句的关系代词，定语从句的先行词为reason表示“原因”，所以很多考生不假思索地在A和B间进行了选择，而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句中作gave的宾语，所以选择which,当然也可以用that或省略；第二个空是that引导的表语从句，句型是The reasonwas that...,所以选择C迷局V先行词是way,关系词不一定用in which,that或不填例We firstbroke thelaw ina waywas peaceful.A.that B.in whichC./D.who答案与解析A定语从句的先行词为way,表示“方式”，一般情况下关系词在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词通常用in which,that或省略，所以很多考生不假思索地选择了B,而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应选择A,也可以用whicho迷局VI介词后的关系代词不一定用which和whom例I wishto thankProfessor Smith,without helpI wouldneverhave gotthis far.A.who B.whoseC.whom D.which答案与解析:B在一般情况下介词后的关系词指人时通常用whom,指物时通常用which,因为定语从句的先行词为Professor Smith,所以很多考生不假思索地选了C,而忘记了“双看”原则的第二看根据判断，关系词在定语从句中作help的定语，所以选择B迷局VII模糊的先行词，让考生不知所措例

1.Sam rememberedseveral occasionsin thepasthe hadexperienced asimilar feeling.A.what B.whichC.when D.why

2.A successfullife is a lifechallenges aremetand difficultiesovercome.A.which B.whereC.that D.what答案与解析

1.c定语从句的先行词为occasions场合，时刻”，表示模糊化的时间，且关系词在定语从句中作状语，所以选择C；

2.B定语从句的先行词为a life“生活”，表示模糊化的地点，且关系词在定语从句中作状语，所以选择B迷局VIII当先行词是situation,case,point,condition,position,process,stage等表示形势状况的名词时，关系词通常用where,相当于in which,在定语从句中作状语，但也会出现不确定的选择例Suppose wemeet witha situationnone ofus candeal with,what thenA.where B.whenC.what D.that答案与解析D定语从句的先行词为a situation形势，状况”，但关系词在定语从句作dealwith的宾语，所以选择D跟踪练习根据双看原则，用适当的关系词填空

1.Recent accidents,forty-five peoplelost theirlives,haverenewed concernsover thesafety ofovernight buses.

2.It isthe thirdtime thatshe haswon therace,has surprisedusall.

3.The oldtown hasnarrow streetsand smallhouses arebuiltclose toeach other.

4.Do youstill rememberthe chickenfarm wevisitedthree monthsago

5.She11never forgether staythere shefound hersonwho hadgone missingtwo yearsbefore.

6.Many countriesare nowsetting upnational parksanimals andplantscan beprotected.

7.Following theguide,we wentinto ahouse,wall hunga pictureofEinstein.

8.John incitedabout40people tohis wedding,most ofare familymembers

9.If wewant tohave abright future,we mustlearn toact inwaysdo notharm otherliving things.

10.Is thisthe reasonhe explainedat themeeting forhiscarelessness inhis work

11.Care ofthe soulisagradual processeven thesmalldetails oflife shouldbe considered.

12.Do youhave anythingto sayfor yourselvesYes,there,s onepoint wemust insiston.答案:

1.where/in which；

2.which；

3.which/that；

4.that/which/省略;

5.when/during which；

6.where/in which；

7.on whose；

8.whom；

9.that/which；

10.that/which/省略；

11.in which/where；

12.that/which/省略（作者单位河北省唐山市第五中学）。