英语时态表——一般现在时、一般过去时知识点梳理

英语时态表一一般现在时、一般过去时时态结构常连用的词主要用法例句名称陈述句I aman officeworker.He isso lazy.They areat home now.动词用1be否定句I am not Tim.表小，am/is/areShe isnot verybeautiful.之后接名词，形often;They arenot in the office.容词或介词一般疑问句usually;Are youan officeassistantIs sheevery...;一般现在时表示beautifulsometimes;没有时限的持久行为动词用原2V一般always;存在的习惯性的陈述句形或引导I work in Shanghai.V-s/es,现在时never;动作或状态，或现疑问句和否定He worksat home.once/twice/...a阶段反复发生的句，用或否定句:do Davynever watchesTV at home.I dontlike theweek/month/year;动作或状态；第三人称dont foodin KFC.on时用或does Davydoesnt likethe foodin KFCeither.Sundays/Mondays/....;doesnt,W does一般疑问句出现动词用原Do youwant acup ofcoffee Doesshe livenear形；第三人称陈thesubway station述句后加或V ses.陈述句I wasa bigboss.He wasbeautiful.We werein Beijinglast year.动词用过去

1.be yesterday;否定句I was not athome at that moment.式或was werethe daybeforeWe werenot atwork yesterday.表示yesterday;一般疑问句Were youa teacherlast在过去时间里所一般过Was sheinthe office lastweekweek/month/year/发生的动作或存去时陈述句I worked in Sunmoon....ago;在的状态行为动词用2否定We studiedEnglish there.He lived inHongKong.a momentago;陈述句，疑V-ed,句I didntwork here.just now;问句和否定句借一般疑问句They didntsee me.She likedEnglish alot.过去的时间；on/in+助于有出did,didDid yougo toAmerica现动词用原形Did he workinSunmoon英语时态表一一般将来时、过去将来时时态结构常连用的词主要用法例句名称陈述句I willfly toKongKong tomorrow.He willgo with us.一般tomorrow,the dayafter即将发生动作否定句将来We will arrive inShanghai next week.:I willtomorrow;soon;或状态时never believeyou again.He will not cometonight.next一般疑问句:We will not buy a carnext year.Will youweek/month/year/...;go thereby trainWill hecome tomorrow任何人称原the1+will+VWill theylive afive-star hotel形.week/month/year/...after next;陈述句Im going to go to Kongkongby air.2is/am/are+going to+V+将来的时间；on/in in+否定句:T殳疑We arenot going to buya househere.原形，表小计划打算做一段时间；.问句:特殊疑问Are theygoing tochange theirjobs什么事情句:How areyou going to tellhim陈述句I wasgoing to buya computer.They toldme过去原在过去将会发was/were going to+V that they werenot going to goabroad.将来多用在宾语从句中形生的动作否定句:I wasnot goingtobuyacomputer.时任何人称+would+V He said hewould comein inShanghai.I saidI would原形buy youa carone day.英语时态表一现在进行时、过去进行时时态结构常连用的词主要用法例句名称陈述句Im waitingfor myboy friend.He isdoing thehousework athomenow.；now表示现在（指We areenjoying ourselves.现在at present;at the否定句:说话人说话He isnot playingtoys.进行moment;is/am/are+V-ing一般疑问句:时）正在发生Are youhaving dinnerathome（放在句首）；时Look!的事情Is Timcooking inthe kitchen（放在句首）；Listen!特殊疑问句:What areyou doingnowWhere arethey havinga mealat that time;at this陈述句I wasdoing myhomework atthat time.We过去time yesterday;过去一段时间否定were havinga partywhile he was sleeping.时间点进行at+正在发生的动句:was/were+V-ing He wasnotsleeping at11oclock lastnight.时+vesterdav/lastniqht;作一般疑问句特Were youwatching TVatthattimeat thatmoment;殊疑问句What wereyou doingatthatmoment英语时态表一现在完成时、过去完成时时态名结构常连用的词主要用法例句称；；already justbefore;yet（否定句中）；；；ever never用来表示之前once/twice/...已发生或完成陈述句I havealready told Davy.Davy hasknown一段时间；for+的动作或状thismatter.+时间点；since态，其结果的否定句He haslived herefor nearly10years.I havent现在完一段时间have/has+p.p since++ago;确和现在有联finished myhomework..Tim hasntcome yet.成时（过去分词）现在时间；by+系动作或状一般疑问句We haventheard anynews abouthim Has heso far;up tonow;till态发生在过去特殊疑问句worked heresince hecame hereHow longnow;until now;但它的影响现have youworkedinthiscompanyrecently/lately;在还存在；也during/over/in可表示持续到thepast/last....现在的动作或状态简单的说，就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响名词/形容词/介词总是或一直是什么样子Lhave/has always been+He hasalways beena goodfather.I havealways beenbusy.They havealwaysbeenin America.特别注意

2.have/has gone to:去了He hasgone

3.have/has been to:表小去过或到过to Beijing.I have been toCanada.Have you beentoHongkongThey havegoneto the cinema.Where haveyoubeenI havenever beenhere.陈述句Hesaidhe hadtoldDavy.过去的过去They toldus theyhad finishedthe work.（过过去完had+p.p过去的时间；表”过去动作发生在过He lefttheofficeafter he had calledDavy.by+否定句:成时去分词）某动作或时间以前”的时间去的过去She hadnthad dinnerbefore shewent out.一般疑问句:状语Had shelearnt Englishbefore shemovedhere特殊疑问句:how manyEnglish wordshad helearnt bytheend of lastyear英语时态表一英语时态举例!Simple PresentSimple PastSimple Future一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时句子结构:主语+will+V.If you are havingproblems,I willhelpyou study English.句子结构:主语・句子结构:主语+V ed+V如果你在学习英语当中，遇到问题,我将帮助Two yearsago,I studiedEngWshin你.包也I KEnglisheveryday.America.句子结构:主语我每天都学习英语.+be goingto+V两年前，我在美国学英语.初切的I/n goQ Enalishnextyear.我明年将开始学习英语.Present Continuous Past ContinuousFuture Continuous现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时句子结构:主语+will be+doingI willbestudvinqEnglishwhen you句子结构:主语+was/were+doing Iarrivetonight.句子结构:主语+be+doing明晚你来的时候,我会正在学习英语.wasstudvinqEnglish whenyouI amstudyjng/Eng\\shnow.句子结构:主语+be goingto+be+doingcalled yeaterday.我正在学习英语.你昨天给我打电话的时候,我正在学习英ImqoinqtobestudvinqEnglish when语.you arrivetonight.同上,Present PerfectPast PerfectFuture Perfect现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时句子结构:主语+will+have done句子结构:主语+had doneI wiHhavestudiedtenseby the time Ifinishthis course.句子结构:主语+have/has done在我完成这个课程的时候,我已经能完成英工hadstudiedalittle EnglishbeforeI havestudiedEnglishin several语时态的学习了.I movedto theU.S.different countries.句子结构:主语在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了一点英+be goingto+have done在一些国家，我已经学习了英语.语.Imqoinatohavestudiedevery tenseby thetimeI finishthis course.同上.Present Perfect ContinuousPastPerfectContinuousFuture PerfectContinuous现在完成进行时过去完成进行时将来完成进行时句子结构:主语+will havebeen doing句子结构:主语+hadbeen doing句子结构:主语+have/has beendoing I willhavebeenstudvinqEnolish forI hadbeenstudvinaEnglish forten over three hours by thetime youI havebeenstudvinqEnglish foryears beforeI movedtotheU.S.arrive.ten years.明晚你来的时候，我已经学习英语个小时3在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了十年的了.我已经学习英语有十年的时间了.英语了.句子结构:主语+be goingto havebeendoingImqoinatohavebeenstudvinqEnglish foroverthreehoursbythetime youarrive同上,英语时态表一详细讲解■一般现在时通常以动词原形表示主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式动词和（表示拥有〃）各人称的单数形式为be have第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数Have HaveHave HasBeAm Areis一般现在时的否定式、动词与（表示拥有〃）否定式直接把放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下be havenot表疑问式否定式Have Be HaveBe？I amnot Im not...I havenot havent...Am i...Have i...You arenot arent...You havenot havent...Are you...Have you...He isnot isnt...He hasnot hasnt...Has he...动词的否定疑问式和简单回答:be否定疑问式肯定回答否定回答Am Inot arenti...Yes,youare.No,you arentAre you not arent you...No,Im not.Yes,I am.Is henot isnthe...No,he isntYes,he is.疑问式和简单回答形式如下:否定式疑问式BeHaveBe HaveI amnotImnot...I havenot havent...Am i...Have I...You arenotarent...You havenot havent...Are you...Have you...动词（）He isnot isnt...He hasnot hasnt...Has he...表示拥有〃have的否定疑问式和简单回答:否定疑问式肯定回答否定回答Have Inot haventi...Yes,you have.No,you havent.Have younot haventyou...No,I havent.Yes,Ihave.Hashenot hasnthe...No,he hasnt.Yes,he has.动词与（表示拥有〃）否定式直接把放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表:be havenot注意作为行为动词则只能按照行为动词的规则变化have行为动词（以为例）一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答（注意要加助动词）study do/does否定式疑问式I do not dont study Do I studyYoudonotdontstudyDo you studyHe doesnot doesntstudy Does he study否定疑问句式简单回答肯定/否定DoInot DontI study...Yes,I do,No,I dont.Do younot Dontyou study...Yes,you do.No,you dont.Doeshenot Doesnthe study...Yes,he does.No,he doesnt.英语时态表——详细讲解-现在进行时、一般过去时由助动词现在分词构成其中有人称和数的变化，有三种形式第一人称单数用第三人称单数用be+be am,is,其他用are；现在进行时的否定式是直接在助动词后面加上疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前以为例be notbe study否定式疑问式I amnot studyingAm I studyingYou arenot studying,Areyou studyingHe isnot studying.Is he studying一般过去时一般过去时通常由动词过去式表示一般过去时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式要用助动词的过去式do did,同时注意实义动词要用原形以为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下study否定式疑问式I didnot didntstudy....Did I study...You didnot didntstudy....Did youstudy...He didnot didntstudy....Did he study...否定疑问式简单回答肯定/否定Did Inot DidntIstudy...Yes,you did.No,you didnt.Di younot Didntyoustudy...Yes,I did,No,I didnt.Did henot Didnthestudy...Yes,he did.No,he didnt.英语时态表——详细讲解-过去进行时、过去完成时过去进行时由助动词的过去式+现在分词构成其中有人称和数的变化，第

一、第三人称单数用其他用be bewas,were.过去进行时动词主要表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作过去进行时经常与过1去时配合使用例如昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课This timeyesterday,we were having anEnglish lesson.老师在给我们上课时，汤姆走进教室The teacherwas givingus alesson whenTom walkedinto theroom.我们吃饭的时候,灯灭了While wewerehavingsupper;all thelights wentout.她摆桌子时，他在读书Hewasreading whileshe wassetting thetable,天渐渐黑下来了风势增强了It wasgetting dark.The windwas rising.过去进行时动词常用等词连用，表示过去经常发生的行为这种用法表明带有2always,continually,frequently的感情色彩例如两兄弟小时候常吵架The twobrothers werefrequently quarrelingwhen theywere young.清朝时，中国总是对西方歹强妥In QingDynasty,China wasalways makingconcessions towestern powers.U协过去完成时一律用过去分词构成had+用法）表示发生在过去某一时间或动作之前的事情，即过去的过去〃用过去完成时，必须有一个过去的时间或动1作来作参照，说明在此之前某事已发生如果两个动作都是在过去发生的，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时例如她告诉我她以前到过那里三次（去过〃发生在告诉之She toldme shehad been there threetimes before.前）到上学期末为止，他在这里教学多长时间啦？（”教学〃How longhad hetaught herebytheendoflast term发生在上学期末结束之前）我们到的时候，足球赛已经开始了When wearrived,the footballmatch hadalready begun.她今年来中国之前已访问过中国两次了She hadvisited Chinatwice beforeshe camethis year,）过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续到过去这一时刻或2将继续下去例如到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了By themiddle oflast month,I hadlivedinBeijing for five years.到六点为止，他们已工作八小时了By sixoclock theyhad workedfor eighthours.我到上海时，他在那里很长时间了When Icame toShanghai,hehad beentherefor along time.）过去完成时动词常用于间接引语和虚拟语气，我们以后会详细讲述3）此外，过去完成时常用于和（）这两个句型，前面部分用过去完4no sooner...than...hardly scarcely...when...成时，后面部分用一般过去时例如No soonerhad hestolen thepurse thanhe was caught red-handed.=He hadno soonerstolen thepurse thanhe.他刚偷到钱包就被当场抓获wascaughtred-handedSaddam hadhardly realizedwhat washappening when he wascaptured.=Hardly hadSaddam realizedwhat was萨达姆还没有意识到在发生什么事情就被抓获了happening whenhewascaptured.英语时态表一详细讲解-过去完成进行时、一般将来时过去完成进行时动词的现在分词had been+用法表示一直持续到过去某个时间的行为动作，此行为动作或刚结束、或还没结束（可以从上下文看出）这一时态经常与一般过去时一起使用例如•他进来的时候,我一直在努力修理电When hecame in,Ihadbeen tryingto repairthe TVfor acouple ofhours视机好几个小时了道路彳艮危险雨——直下了两整天The roadswere dangerous.It hadbeen rainingfor twowhole days.They他们累了，因为从天亮开始他们就一直在挖were tiredbecause theyhadbeendigging sincedawn.The boywas为口男孩得到一辆新山地自delighted withthe newmountain bike.He hadbeen hopingfor onefor along time.行车很高兴很长时间来他一直希望有一辆一般将来时一般将来时动词表示将来发生的动作或情况主要有以下几种表现形式:（）动词原形1shall/will+表示单纯的将来，不涉及主语的主观意愿第一人称用或其余用其否定式、疑问式和简单I,we shallwill,will.回答形式如下否定式疑问式I shall/willnotstudy....You Shall Istudy...willnotstudy....He willnot Will youstudy...川W hestudy...简单回答（肯定/否定）否定疑问式study....Shall Inot shanti study...Willyounot Wontyoustudy...Yes,you will.No,you wont.Will henot Wonthestudy....Yes,I shall/will.No,I shant/wont.川,Yes,hewNo,he wont.例如我明年二十岁I shallbe twentyyears oldnext year.天黑下来了我想可能会下雨The skyis black.I thinkit willrain.你下午会在车站碰到他You willmeet himat thestation thisafternoon.火车快要到了The trainwillarrivesoon.我们下次什么时候能看见你呢？When shallwe seeyou nexttime他大概不能和我们一起去He probablywont gowithus.注意）的缩写形式为如和等1shall,will ll,Ill,youll,hell shell）用于第一人称时，可以表示将来的意愿、决心、允诺、命令等；用于第

二、三人称时，可以表示说2will shall话人的将来的意愿例如我将送你一支新钢笔作为生日礼物（允诺）I willgive youa newpen foryour birthday,我将参加大学入学考试（决心）I willtake thecollege entranceexamination.我打开窗户好吗？（征求允诺）ShallIopen thewindow我一拿到书就给你（说话人的允诺）You shall have thebook assoon asI getit.决不让敌人通过（说话人的保证）The enemyshall notpass.川我愿意尽力帮助你（意愿）Iwdo mybest tohelp you.任何人开会都不能迟到（说话人的命令）Nobody shallbe latefor themeeting.（）动词不定式2be going+）这种结构表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事这种打算往往是事先考虑好的例如1我哥哥准备明年学英语My brotheris goingto learnEnglish next year.我六点钟要到火车站去接汤姆I am goingtomeet Tomat thestation atsix.她不会到那儿去的She isnot goingto bethere,你的工作什么时候做完？When areyou goingto finishyour work他准备呆一星期He is goingtostay aweek.我们准备开个会来讨论一下We aregoingtocall ameeting todiscuss it.）这种结构还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能即将发生某事例如2看这些乌云？要下雨了Look atthese blackclouds it isgoingto rain.我看要下雪I thinkitisgoingtosnow.英语时态表详细讲解■将来进行时恐怕我要得重感冒Iamafraid Iamgoingto havea badcold.将来进行时现在分词shall/will be+用法将来进行时动词表示在将来某一段时间内将会发生的动作下星期这时候，我们将在那个工厂劳动This timenextweekwe shallbe workingin thatfactory.川当我明天早晨起床时，我妈妈When Iget uptomorrow morning,my motherw begetting breakfastfor me.将在为我准备早饭我下个月将要见他I will be seeinghim nextmonth.我们明天去赶集Tomorrow wewillbegoingtothe villagefair.川七月份我们要去海边度假We wbe takingour holidayattheseaside inJuly.一般将来时与将来进行时都表示将来，那么如何区别一般将来时和将来进行时呢？将来进行时不表示个人意愿，强调主观上感觉某事即将发生，并对这一事情有着期待，感情色彩较浓，强调动作一般将来时主要是对某一事情即将发生做一个事实性的说明或陈述，强调事实或意愿英语时态表详细讲解•过去将来时、将来完成时过去将来时由动词原形构成第一人称用第

二、三人称用美国英语所有人称一律用1should/would+should;would would,的简略形式为如和的简略形式分别为和should/would d,Id,youd;would notshould notwouldnt shouldnt.过去将来时表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用在宾语从句中还可以表示过去的倾向或过去经常发2生的事情如.他们问我是否很快要去广州They askedme ifI wouldgotoGuangzhou soon她和我说她下周还来She toldme shewould comeagain nextweek,我告诉他马上离开，但他不I toldhim toleave immediately,but hewouldnt.他情绪低落的时候,就拉小提琴Hed playthe violinwhenhewas inlow spirits.When Iwas incollege,I wouldfind apart-time jobduring thesummer holidaysevery yearto earnmy tuition.我上大学的时候，每年暑假都找份临时工挣学费其他表示过去将来时的结构3将来完成时过去分词shall/will+have+用法将来完成时动词主要表示在将来的某一时刻或将来的某一时刻之前完成的动作，这一动作也可能继续进行例如如果火车运彳亍正常，By sevenoclock thisafternoon weshallhavegot toShanghai ifthe trainkeeps goodline,我们今天下午七点就到上海了川到上床睡觉的时候，小明会做完他的工作或作业Before bedtimeXiao Mingw havecompleted hiswork.至明年二月,这个外By Februarynextyearthis foreignexpert willhavebeenhere onthis jobforfiveyears.U国专家在这儿做这项工作就满五年了至!年月，北京将举行完了奥运会By Sept.2008Beijing willhave held/hosted theOlympic Games.J20089。