2023北京二中高一（下）期末英语

北京二中高一（下）期末2023第一部分知识运用（30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项A BC D涂黑（脊柱的）My momis aboutto havea spinaloperation.The operationis1minor,but doescarry arisk ofparalysis（瘫痪）.Friends andfamily havereacted tothis newsby talkingin suchpessimistic termsthat Momhas cometo2thiskind oftalk aspsychological theft”.It occurswhen otherpeople increaseyour anxiety3providing comfort.Last weekMom raninto Geoffwho worksfor thelocal school.How areyou”he asked.Not greatJ shereplied,Ihave beenhaving sometrouble withmy backand Imgoing toneed anoperation789Oh,the backis themost4place tooperateon!My momhad thatand shewas interrible pain.^^He responded.Geoffs5had beenkind.Hed givenhis ownmothersstory to show sympathy,6Mom onlyheard dangerand pain.People couldhave alternativethings thatwould beequally true,but morefamiliar topatients.The specialistsin ourhospitalsare amongthe bestin the world.Thats agood one.Youre going to feelmuch better7Thats another.Im notsuggesting patientsshould be8from thereality of the riskstheyre taking.But ifthe decisionto haveanoperation cantreally be9,whats the purpose ofstressing the10Ifs justcommon senseto say,Get wellsoon,and howcanI help”8-unusuallyB.labelB-in favorofB・dangerousB-assumptionB.asB-permanentlyB.deletedB,madeB.strengths

1.A.definitely C.relatively C.initially D・apparent

2.A.choose C.employ C・separated D.description

3.A.in needof C・instead ofC.avoided D.yet

4.A.secure C.common C.dimensions D.ultimatelyD.typically

5.A.intention C・emotion D.shelteredD.mistake

6.A.because C.when D.reachedD.regardless of

7.A.occasionally D.procedures第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）

8.A.released

9.A.accepted阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给

10.A.drawbacks出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空（）When youread thewritings ofConfucius,you willsee a11constant recurringword,a Chinesecharacterthat represents the heartof Confucianthought:the characterren.What isren If you lookclosely at the12write character,you canunderstand whatit means.The left-hand elementof thecharacter representsa person,a humanbeing;the elementon the rightstands for the numbertwo.The twoelements,when joined,indicate13relationship betweenindividuals,orwith all of society.BAn importantsymbol ofChina is the Chinesecharacters-hanzi.While thisunique writingsystem has an ancientorigin,it wasstandardised andunified by Emperor Qinshihuang.Since then,it14be oneof thegreat things15bind theChinesepeople together,and asymbol ofChinese nationalpride.Another popularsymbol ofChina around theworldis theGreat Wall.It wasoriginally built byEmperorQinshihuang,and16expand afterwards.The partof theGreat Wallmost peopleare familiar with wasbuiltby the MingDynasty in the14th century,though.CChina has made significantprogress in space exploration17the pastfew years.The countrysspace programhasachieved severalmilestones,including multiplemissions launchedbytheChang eLunar ExplorationProgram Chinahasalso launchedits ownspace station,the Tiangong,which isexpected18complete by2022and will be usedto conductlong-term experimentsin microgravityand hostinternational collaborations.Chinese rocketmanufacturers havedevelopednew heavy-lift rockets,19enable more20ambition missions.Overall,Chinas achievementsdemonstrate astrongcommitment to advancing itsspace programand makingsignificant contributionsto the global spacecommunity.第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，NCTArasTHK从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项A BC DAThe NationalCouncil forthe TraditionalArts NCTAis aleading non-profit organizationdedicated to thepresentation anddocumentation offolk andtraditional artsin the United States.The NCTApresentsthenations veryfinestartists infestivals,tours,international culturalexchanges,workshops,demonstrations andexhibitions,mediaproductions,school programs,and otheractivities.It worksin partnershipwith communitiesacross Americato establishnew,sustainable traditional arts eventsthat deliverlasting socialand culturalbenefits.The NCTAseeks FestivalSupport Staffforthe2020festival seasonto provideoffice andon-site supportfor threelarge-scale festivals.Positions availableinclude:・Programming AdministrationAssistantThis isthe perfectposition forsomeone with an interestin history,arts management,cultural anthropology,andrelated fields.Responsibilities includeprogramming research,marketing andpromotion,and eventorganization.The positionmayalso beresponsible forpress andphoto documentmanagement,social mediaupdates,and customerservice.Qualified applicantswill bedetail-oriented andorganized,with excellentpeople skillsand ageneral interestin thetraditionalarts.Computer literacyis essential.The contractruns fromMay1to December

15.•Festival Assistant（后勤）This isthe perfectposition forsomeone with an interestin arts,culture,and eventlogistics whoenjoysoperating in a fast-paced,collegial small-office environment.The positionprovides festival staff support.Responsibilities includedocument creation,travel purchase,logisticssupport,data entry,and databasemaintenance.Qualified applicantswill beoutgoing andopen-minded,with effectiveoral andwritten communicationskills andcomputerliteracy.Prior experiencewith festivalplanning is preferred.The contractruns fromMay18to October

30.•Production AssociateTheproduction associateis akey memberof theproduction teamwho willwork closelywith theproduction manager（实施）.on allfestival audio,backline,and lightingneeds,from planningthrough implementationTherole willcontribute tothe followingkey tasks:advancing technicalneeds with artists,making techbooks,accurate record-keeping,and workingwith the NCTA andfestivalstaffto insuresmooth on-site operations.Qualified applicantswill beresponsible andadaptable,with excellentpeople skills.Prior experiencein concertproductionispreferred.The contractruns fromJune15to October

30.All Positions:Experience withdatabase entry,Microsoft Office,and AdobeAcrobat isrequired.Must havea cleandrivingrecord,or reliabletransportation.Some evenings,weekends,and travelare required.More detailsand howto applyat:http〃ncta-America.com.

21.According tothe passage,theNCTA.A.focuses oncultural andarts educationB.keeps arecord ofAmerican traditionalartsC.enjoys economicbenefits fromcommunitiesD.aims tohelp theartists inart-related activities

22.The programmingadministration assistantwill probably.A.plan anddesign programsB.create socialnetworking websitesC.deal withcomplaints fromcustomers D.photograph newspapersand documents

23.What isthe requirementfor allthe threepositionsA.Driving skills.B.Working experience.C.Communication skills.D.Knowledge ontraditionalarts.BA blogposted Dec7,2018at12:17PM byAlanna MallonAlannaMallon is a CambridgeCity Councilor.Each yearin November,I receivea flurryof emailsand textsfrom friendswho want to volunteerwith theirfamilieson Thanksgivingas away togive back.I alsofield phonecalls fromorganizations whowant todonate tolocalprograms thatprovide Thanksgivingmeals.However,as anofficial whostill worksin thenonprofit sector,I alsofeel deeplyanxious becauseI knowthe other51weeks of the year,these criticalprograms thatprovide foodaccess toresidents inneed arestarving forboth volunteersanddonations.Hunger isa year round problem,and eachweek volunteersare thenecessary partto ensurethat programsareable toserve thecommunity.At Food For Free,we rely on about100volunteers perweek,and each of thosevolunteers isextremely importanttoproviding fresh,healthy foodto peoplein theGreater Bostonarea whoneed it.School childrenwho takebackpacks offoodhome onFridays,community collegestudents whorelyonour FamilyMeals programto thrivein class,elderly anddisabledresidents whoreceive twicemonthly deliveriesof foodto theirdoors throughour HomeDelivery program,theyall relyon usensuring enoughvolunteers showup todo thework.These volunteersdont showup inyour socialmedia feeds,they dontwin awardsand noone writesabout themin thelocalnewspapers.But they are heroes.And you can betoo.If everyonemade apromise tovolunteer once a month,or evenonceaquarter,I knowthat wecould reducesome oftheanxiety theseorganizations feel,as amore reliablevolunteer networkallows themto focus on helpingpeople,notfilling volunteerslots.Here isa listof afew organizationswho aredoing criticalwork inCambridge toaddress foodinsecurity.Offer yourtime to anorganization,they willbe deeplygratefuland Iam goingto betthat you will feelpretty goodabout yourself too.FoodForFree:http://foodforfree.org/volunteer.CEOC:http://ceoccambridge.org/food-pantry.Harvard SquareHomeless Shelter:https://hshshelter.org/volunteer.Community Cooks:https://communitycooks.org/join-us.Margaret FullerNeighborhood House:

24.What can be learntfrom the first twoparagraphsA・The foodsafety worriesthe author.B.Volunteers areneeded allyearround.C.Donations can be madethrough theInternet.

25.Paragraph3is mainlyaboutA,the needfor freshfood B.the dutyof FoodFor FreeC.the valueof voluntarywork D.the difficultlife oflocal people

26.The passageis to.A.call for action B・express thanksC・advertise programsD.introduce websitesCD.People likegetting togetheron Thanksgiving.（苍蝇）.A teamof engineersat HarvardUniversity has been inspiredby Natureto createthefirst robotic flyThemechanical flyhas becomea platformfora series ofnew high-tech systems.Designed todo what a flydoes naturally,thetiny machineisthesize of a housefly.Its miniwings allowit tostay in the airand performcontrolled flighttasks.“Its extremelyimportant forus to think aboutthis asa wholesystem andnot justthe sumofabunch ofindividual（元件）,components“said RobertWood,the Harvardengineering professorwho hasbeen workingonthe robotic flyprojectfor overa decade.A fewyears ago,his teamgot thego-ahead to start piecingtogether the components.The addeddifficultywithaproject likethis is that actuallynone ofthose componentsare offthe shelfand sowe haveto developthemall onour ownJ he said.They engineeredaseriesof systemstostartand drivethe robotic fly.The seeminglysimple systemwhich justmovesthe wingshas anumber ofinterdependencies onthe individualcomponents,eachofwhich individuallyhas toperformwell,but thenhas to be matchedwell toeverything itsconnected toJ saidWood.The flightdevice wasbuilt intoaset ofpower,computation,sensing and control systems.Wood saysthe successof theproject provesthat theflying robot（生产）.with thesetiny componentscanbebuilt andmanufacturedWhile thisfirstroboticflyer islinked toa small,off-board powersource,the goalis eventuallyto equipit withabuilt-in powersource,so that it mightsomeday performdata-gathering workat rescuesites,in farmers9fields oron thebattlefield.Basically itshould beable totake off,land andfly around/9hesaid.Wood saysthe designoffers a new way to studyflight mechanicsandcontrolat insect-scale.Yet,the power,sensingand computationtechnologies onboard couldhave muchbroader applications.You canstart thinkingabout usingthem toansweropen scientific questions,you know,to studybiology inways thatwould bedifficult with the animals,but usingtheserobots insteadJ hesaid.So thereare alot oftechnologies andopen interestingscientificquestionsthat arereallywhat drivesusona day-to-day basis.”

27.The difficultythe teamof engineersmet withwhile makingtheroboticfly wasthat.A.they hadno ready-made componentsB.they didnot havesufficient timeC.they hadno modelin theirmind D.they couldnot assemblethecomponents

28.It canbe inferredfrom paragraphs3and4that theroboticfly.A.consists ofa flightdevice anda controlsystemB・can justfly inlimited areasatthepresent timeC.can collectinformation frommany sourcesD.hasbeenput intowide application

29.Which of the followingcanbe learned fromthe passageA.The roboticflyer isdesigned tolearn aboutinsects.B.Animals arenot allowedin biologicalexperiments.C・There usedto befew waysto studyhow insectsfly.D.Woods designcan replaceanimals insome experiments.

30.Which of the followingmight be the besttitle ofthe passageA.Father ofRobotic FlyB・Robotic FlyImitates RealLife InsectC.Inspiration fromEngineering ScienceD.Harvard BreaksThrough inInsect StudyTheaggressive spreadof marketeconomics andcommunication technologiesoftenunder thecontrol ofWesternmultinational companiesbringsnew challenges to localcultures andvalues in non-Western societies.Sometimes itseems asif atidal waveoftheworst Western culture iscreeping acrossthe globelike agiant strawberry（同质milkshake spillout andover theplanet,withaflavor that is distinctlysweet,sickly andapparently homogeneous的）.For some,especially theyoung,change maymean escapefrom oppressivetraditions.It mayalso bringnewopportunities forcultures tobe combinedin creativeways.However,there isgenuine causefor concernabout therate atwhichcultures arebeing wornaway insuch aglobalized world.Perhaps byfar themost importantfar-reaching effectof cultural globalization isthe commercializationof culture,which hasa disturbingimpact onlocal peoples existing values.They areincreasingly bombardedwith newimages,newmusic,new clothesand newvalues.The familiarand oldare tobe abandoned.While therewas culturalchange longbeforeglobalization,there isa dangerthat muchwillbelost simplybecause itis notvalued byglobal markets.In WestAfrica forexample,traditional valueshave beenovertaken byCoca-Cola culturewhich thelocal peopledont yethave thevalues todealwith successfully.（追求）Another commonaspect ofthe globalizedculture isthat itpursues thesame one size fitsall”American ideal.The resultof thiscultural processof homogenizationisthata largesection ofthe worldspopulation dreamsof livinglikeCosbyCo.or likethe charactersin anyother stereotypeAmerican soapopera.In addition,the dream of livinga betterlifecauses thousands of peopleto moveto alreadyovercrowded citieswhose populationhas boomedby millionswithinthe lastdecades.The majorityof thesenew immigrantsend upin slumsleading topoverty,pollution andmisery.Such gradualaggression againstpeoplesexistingvalues andcultures hasa destructiveimpact ontheir sense of who（累积的）theyare,what theywant andwhat theyrespect.It attacksspiritual valuesand faithtraditions.The accumulativeeffectinnon-Western societiesisacrisis ofcultural confidence,combined withthe increasedeconomic uncertaintyand（一体化）crime whichglobal integrationmay bring.This creates realproblems forsocial stability,whether itis atthe levelofnation,community orfamily.In conclusion,culturalglobalization,or worldwideMcDonaldization,destroys diversityand displacestheopportunity tosustain decentlife through a mixtureof manydifferent cultures.It ismore aconsequence ofpowerconcentration in theglobalmedia andmanufacturing companiesthan the peoples ownwish toabandon theirculturalidentity anddiversity.

31.It canbelearnedfrom Paragraph1that.A.non-Western societieswillingly accepteconomic globalizationB.Westerncultureunites theworlds economiesand technologiesC.the boomingof Westernculture destroysnon-Western societiesD.despite itsappeal,westernization showsan unpleasantuniformity

32.Which bestserves asan exampleoftheonesizefit sall“principle innon-Western nationsA.McDonald receivesmore criticismab roadthan athome.B.Chinese foodwins greatapproval intheUnitedKingdom.C.Many Africansdreamofa middleclass Americanlifestyle.D.Some westernyoung peoplefancy avisit toAfrican countries.

33.What isthe writersattitude towardscultural globalizationA.Critical.B.Cautious.C.Positive.D.Neutral.

34.The passageis mainlyabout.A.cultural diversityin globalizationB,drawbacks ofcultural globalizationC.challengestonon-Western culturesD.disappearance ofnon-Western cultures第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Self-esteem isthe rulingview youhave of yourself.This includesyour beliefsaboutyourinner qualitiesand howyouthink otherssee you.35Someone candevelop low self-esteem evenwhen theyare highlyfunctional andgreatly skilled.Understanding thismysterious emotionalcurrency mightbethekey tounlocking yourown selfworth.People withhealthy self-esteem dontneed toboast aboutthemselves toothers.People withlowself-esteem maytellyou howmuch everyoneloves them,whatagreat jobthey doat work,and howamazing theyare atpretty everythingunderthe suneven thoughthey reallywonder ifits true.People maysee themas obnoxiousor“full of themselves”,36They arenotshy aboutsharing ideas,including constructivecriticisms ofothers.They alsotake careofthemselves withoutsecond-guessing orapologizing.They arethepeoplewho wesay seem“sure ofthemselves^.If youare startingtothinkyou mayhave lowself-esteem,you canwork onthe wayyou talkto yourself.When youturnoff negativeself-talk,you canopen thefloor topositive reinforcementsand accessthe couragetoshowdifferent sidesofyourself.It isntgoingtofeel goodat first,though.Keep goinguntil itbecomes lessand lessand maybeeven afewawkward laughsinthemirror mayhelp.37However,in seriouscases of low oreven non-existent self-esteem,you maywanttocall ina professionalor aspecialist.Good mentalhealth isimportant,and professionalsdoing psychotherapydo notpass judgementor givecorrections.38It isthe bestwaytoget atthe rootsofyourreal self-esteem problems.39It will take somework butyour entirelifefrom yourrelationships toyour bodyimage toyour workhabitswillbe touchedwiththekind ofpower thatonly comesfrom someonebelieving inthemselves.This isthehardest part,and thegreatest leap.With somechanges andsupport,youcanimprove your self-esteem andsee howeverythingelse changesasaresult.A.Self-esteem isnot alwaysrooted inreality,though.B.You havethe powerto shapeanewself-perception.C.This encouragesyou tospeak openlywithout worry.D.The realtest ofcharacter iswhether theycan learnfrom theirmistakes.E.Self-esteem referstoapersons overallsenseofhis orher valueor worth.F.People witha healthy levelof self-esteem presentthemselveswitha casualconfidence.G.With somepractice andpersistence,youwillwin thisinternal struggleto seeyourself-worth.第三部分（32分）第一节（共3小题;

40、41题每题2分,42题5分，共9分）阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务请将答案书写在答题纸相应位置Discovered byAmateursSome astronomersspend theirentire careerslooking fornew discoveriesinspace,but alO-year-oId Canadiangirlfound oneon herfirst try.In January,2011,Kathryn Gray,who oftenstudied stars,was lookingat recent pictures ofouterspace andcomparing themto picturestaken yearsearlier.The pictureswere justthousandsoftiny spotsof light,but Gray（超新星）？spotted astar thatlooked differentintherecentpictures.Could itpossibly bea supernovaUsually asupernovais brighter,and itbecomes visiblethroughatelescope duetothebrightness.Later Graysdiscovery wasconfirmed,and shebecame theyoungest personto discovera supernova.Throughout history,important discoveriesin astronomyhave beenmade byamateurs.An earlyexample isWilliamHerschel,who discoveredUranus in

1781.Uranus hadbeen observedbefore,but expertastronomers thoughtit didntbelongto oursolar system.When Herschelsaw itwithatelescope hehad designedand builthimself,he realizedthatitwasorbiting thesun.This meantthat Uranuswas a planet.And so,the mapof ournight skywas changedforever.Then in1930,a majordiscovery wasmade bya24-year-old man,a farmersson,with nocollege educationor formaltrainingin astronomy.Clyde Tombaughhad builta homemadetelescope usinginstructions froman articleinaboysmagazine.He usedto drawdetailed picturesofthesurfaces ofMars andJupiter.He sentthe picturesto Dr.V.M.Slipherat the Lowell Observatory,who wasso impressedand offeredhim ajob onhis team.Within ayear,Tombaugh discoveredaninth planet,Pluto.It wasregarded asaplanetfor76years,but scientistsdecided in2006that Plutodidnt meetallofthecriteria fbra trueplanet.It wasthen consideredtobea dwarfplanet.John Dobsonis anotherinfluential amateurastronomer becausehe enabledso manyothers totake upastronomy asahobby.In1956,after constantattempts,he builta powerfultelescope outoflow-cost materials,such aspaper tubesused inconstruction.With affordabletools likeDobsons telescope,more amateurstoday havethe technologythatisneeded tomakediscoveries oftheir own.

40.How didKathryn Graydiscover thesupernova

41.Why didClyde Tombaughget ajob attheLowellObservatory（）

42.Which ofthe amateurastronomers mentionedinthepassage hasimpressed youmost Whyabout40words第二节（共4小题；每小题4分，满分4分）根据句意、中文提示和单词首字母，写出单词的正确形式，并将完整的单词答案书写在答题纸的相应位置••••••••上（十年），

43.In thelast twodtheadvanced technologyhasmadepeople livelonger.（刊物）

44.Its usuallya commonpractice thatj websitesoffer readerstheir freeonline editionsof articlesand otherinformation.（步骤）

45.The chairmanis quitefamiliarwiththepfor conductinga meeting.（延迟）

46.Unfortunately,the flightwas pon accountofthebad weather.第三节（共4小题；每小题1分，满分4分）请用方框中词组的正确形式完成句子，并将答案书写在答题纸的相应位置上，每个词组只使用一次（方框中有一个选项为多余选项）（）bring aboutfigure outjudge frombe keenon runout

47.In thefuture,care forthe environmentwill becomevery importantas Earthsnatural resources.

48.her accent,she mustbe fromScotland.

49.The presentsituation isquite complicated,so Ithink itwilltakeme sometimetoits reality.

50.Ifyoulike astronomy,you maycollecting stampsdescribing thestars,planets,space crafts,spacemen,etc.第四节书面表达（满分15分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华年月日神舟十六号（）发射成功，并2023530Shenzhou16manned spaceship将于月返航，你校电视台英文频道向学生征集以“中国航天”为主题的原创短视频你打算邀请留学生一11Jim起完成作品请你给他写邮件，内容包括征集要求；

1..作品初步想法；

2.询问意向3注意

1.词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数

2.提示词:神舟十六号Shenzhou16manned spaceship航天:aerospaceDear Jim,Yours,Li Hua。