英语名词冠词数词等各种词语语法知识点梳理汇总

、名词表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分分为可数名词和不可数名词强调不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断，以免受误导、可数名词如何变复数形式”1一般情况下，直接加如；读音清辅音后读浊辅音和a.-s,book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds[s],元音后读⑵b.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,力口一es,如bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches；读音[iz]oc.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再力口-es,如family-families,strawberry-strawberries；读音⑵d.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es,如knife-knives,thief-thieves；读音[z]o以结尾的词，分两种情况e.“o”有生命的读音如1+es[z]mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes无生命的读音如2+s[z]photo-photos radio-radios不规则名词复数f.man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese、不可数名词没有复数如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量2词例如+of;a glassof water,a pieceof paper,a bottleof juice判断步骤/如是、或一原形am iswas读句子一读该单词一认识该单词一理解意思一看动词be如是或一力口或are weres es练一练、写出下列各词的复数1I himthis herwatch mangochildphoto diaryday footdress toothsheep_____box_________strawberry___thief_______engineer_peach______sandwich_____man_______woman________leaf____people—、用所给名词的正确形式填空21Are theretwo boxon the table、行为动词4就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为如、等行为动词我们已学过它们的sweep live四种形式原形、第三人称单数、现在分词（也叫动名词）、过去式+s/es+ing+ed（）动词第三人称单数变化规则

1、一般直接加直”,如；A play-plays,visit-visits,speak-speaks以结尾时,加如:；B s,x,sh,ch“es,catch-catches,watch-watchesC、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es，如carry-carries,study-studies

（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则、一般直接加如；A“ing”,go-going,do-doing,look-lookingB、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词,去“铲加ing”,如take-taking,make-making,have-having；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，如put-putting,stop-stopping,run-running,get-getting,swim-swimming,sit-sitting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting（）过去式构成规则

3、一般直接加接,如:一；A eplant-planted,visit-visited,pick picked、以不发音字母结尾,直接加发,如；B“e elike-liked,hope-hoped,taste-tastedC、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为i再加ed，如try-tried,carry-carried,study-studied；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母,再加“ed，stop-stopped；是-ambe-was-being；是-arebe-were-being；是-be-was,were-being；成为-become-became-becoming；开始-begin-began-beginning；弯ft-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing；买-buy-bought-buy ing；Bb-can-could----；、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆E捕捉-catch-caught-catching；选择-choose-chose-choosing；来-come-came-coming；W-cut-cut-cutting；做-do,does-did-doing；ilj-draw-drew-drawing；饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-自nding；飞-fly-flew-flying；忘i己-forget-forgot-forgetting；得至U-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成长；-grow-grew-growing有-have,has-had-having；听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；矢口道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned,learnt-learning；允许，让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造；可以；意味；会见；必-make-made-making-may-might——-mean-meant-meaning-meet-met-meeting须；放置；读；骑、；-must-must——-put-put-putting-read-read-reading^-ride-rode-riding响、鸣一ring-rang-ringing；跑一run-ran-running；说一say-said-saying；看见一see-saw-seeing；^-shall-should——；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending练一练、写出下列动词的第三人称单数1drinkgostaymake lookhavepass carrycome watchplant flystudybrush doteach takesee、写出下列动词的现在分词2putgive flyget dancesit runplanttake swim ask stoptakewrite havesmoke thinkwant tell、写出下列动词的过去式3is\amfly plantare drinkplay gomakedoes danceworry asktasteeat drawput throwkick passdo、用动词的适当形式填空411to schoolfrom Mondayto Friday.My brotheroften to school with me.Yesterday weto school together.We like to schoolvery much.go2They usuallylunch athome.But last week,they lunchat school.have3That myEnglish book.It new.But nowit nothere.It there a momentago.be4My sisterlikes verymuch.She often at ourschool festival.Last term,she alotofsongs in the schoolhall.She beautifully.sing5What he usually on Sunday Heusually hishomework.Look!He hishomework now.he hishomework last SundayYes,he.do6Do peopleusually mooncakes atMid-autumn FestivalYes,they do.Did youmoon cakeslastMid-autumn FestivalYes,I did.I alot ofdelicious mooncakes.eat

八、结构there/here be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”,包括、1there bethere is there are there was there werehere beo结构与它类似，用法也完全相同，只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人工、和、的区别2have hashad句型表示在某地有某物或人；而、、表示某人拥有某物1There behave hashad2在there be句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is；主语是复数，be动词用are；如有几件物品，be动词根据最近动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”be句型的否定句在动词后加一般疑问句把动词调到句首3there bebe not,be句型与的区别表示在某地有某物或人；表示某人拥有某物4there be havehas there behavehas和在句型中的运用用于肯定句，用于否定句或疑问句5some anythere besome any和在句型中的运用用于肯定句，用于否定句或疑问句6and or therebeand or针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是名词复数+介词短语？7How many+are there+不可数名词介词短语？How much++is there+针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是介词短语？8Whats+结构一般用在句子的开头，而等词只能用于某一个主语后面9There behave练一练、用恰当的动词填空1be1Therefour seasonsin ayear.2There notany treestwo yearsago.3--there apost officenear yourschool---Yes,there.一4-How manystops thereThere onlyone.5There notany stampson theenvelope.6there anybirds in the tree7There ashopping centrenear ourschool last year.But nowthere noone.8There onlythree ofus:my dad,my mumand me.10In NewYork,therealot ofrain inspring.、选用填空2“have,has,had,there is,there are,there was,there were”1I a good fatherand agood mother.2a telescopeon the desk.3He atape-recorder.4a basketballin the playground.5They a nice garden.6My fathera story-book lastyear.7a reading-room in the building8What doesMike9any booksin thebookcase10How manystudents in the classroom11a story-book on thetablea momentago.12What do you13My parentssome nicepictures.14some mapson the wall.15a mapof theworld on the wall.16Davids friendssome tents.17many childrenon thehill.

九、的用法some,any用于肯定句；用于否定句和一般疑问句请注意看例句后扩号中说明的用法some any例肯定句There issome waterin theglass.肯定句There aresome flowersin thegarden.否定句There arentany lampsin the study.一般疑问句Are there any mapson thewall希望得到肯定回答Would you like some orange juice一般疑问句Do youwant totake anyphotos at the party练一练选用或填空some any1There isntmilkin thefridge.2I can see cars,but I cant seebuses.3He hasfriends inEngland.4Were therefruit treeson the farm5Here arepresents for you.6Does Tomwant totake photos7Is thererice in the kitchen8There arenew buildingsin ourschool.9---Would you like cakes---No,Id not like cakes,but Idlike coffee.10---Are therepictures on thewall---No,there arentpictures.

十、动词不定式、加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式，在这里不是介词，无词义1to如我想制作一张新年贺卡I wantto makea NewYear card.你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗？Would youlike to have a picnic withus、保留原来动词的一些特征，它可以带自己的宾语和状语等2to如想快一点到那儿，你可以坐路车To get there faster,you cantake busNo.

5.

5、前有时带疑问词等3to what,when,where,which,why,how如他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里Hes askingYang Linghow to getthere.总而言之，一定要记住后面用动词原形t练一练、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空11People would like goto farmsin thecountryside.2Its timehavelunch3I wantbuysome presentsfor my friends.4The thiefbeganrun.5Please shouwme howgoto the shopping centre.6Would youlikejoin us7Dont forgetwrite“Happy NewYear”.8She wasvery gladsee them.9Please rememberclosethe windowsbefore yougo home.10Im sorryhear that.、圈出下列句子中的错误，并改正21Would youlike go camping withus2Helen,show uxhow drawinga square.3I wantto writesa letterto mypenfriend.4Its timefor usgo to school.5Liu Taowants toshowing Petersphotos tohis mum.动名词H其实就是动词的“现在分词”它既有“名词性质”（可作主语），又具有动词性质（可带宾语）如还有我们的一些课题中是名词性质”；Please keepquiet in the readingroom.Asking theway.中是“动词性质”，带了宾语My hobbyis collectingstamps stamps.、记住后面跟动名词，表示“记得做过某事”;跟动词原形，表示“记得要去做某事”1remember to+如我记得今天把信寄走了I rememberposting the letter today.请记住今天要把信寄走Please rememberto postthelettertoday.、忘记后面跟动名词，表示“忘记做过某事实际做过；跟动词原形，表示“忘记去做某事实2forget to+际没做如我忘记今天早上做过作业了I forgetdoing homework this morning.我忘记今天早上做作业了I forgetto dohomeworkthismorning.、停止后面跟动名词，表示“停止做某事跟动词原形，表示“停止正在做的事，而去做别的3stop to+事”如:请不要吸烟Stop smoking,please.我们累了，让我们停下来休息一下We aretired.Lefs stopto have a rest.、喜欢后面跟动名词，表示一个人的爱好和习惯，意思是“喜欢干某事；跟动词原形，常用于4like to+表示“某人想要、愿意干某事如wouldlike to dosomething,我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步I liketaking a walk after supper every day.我想要吃些薯条T wouldliketohave somechips.练一练、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空11swimis notas fast as running.2Its sunnytoday.Lets gofish.3Do youlike readEnglish in the morning4Are yougood atdance5Where is theshopcentre6Would youliketo go jogwithme7My hobbyisplayfootball.8Su Hailikes watchcartoons on Sundays.、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空21Im sorryhearing,to hearthat.2Jim isgood atswimming,to swim.3Shall we go skating,to skate4Today,my workis looking,to lookafter thebaby.5Im goingflying,to flya kitein the playground.6I likeplaying,to playbasketball afterschool.7Would youlikegoing,to goto the Great Wall8Jim is asking Liu Tao howgetting,to getto theHistory Museum.

十二、时间和日期的表达、有两种时间表达法1直接读写数词如A9:15nine fifteen10:30ten thirty11:45eleven forty-five7:05seven o five2:25two twenty-five5:55five fifty-five借助和来表达一般用于分钟以内含分钟的时间表达；一般用于超过分钟的时B pastto past3030to30间表达一刻钟可以用表示，半小时可以用表示a quarterhalf如9:15a quarterpast nine10:30half pastten11:45a quarterto twelve7:05five pastseven2:25twenty-five pasttwo5:55five tosix注意询问时间可用句型或者“Wha/sthetime”What timeis it”、日期的表达序数词月份如六月三日2the++of+the thirdof June注意询问日期可用句型或者“What dateis ittoday Whats the date today”练一练、用两种方法表达下列时间16:451:589:053:225:508:30三月八日、用英语表达下列日期2八月三日十二月二十五日五月一日九月十日四月五日七月九日一月十五日六月二日、同义句转换，每空一词31---Whats thetime---Its elevenforty-five.2Its sevenofive.Its timefbr breakfast.Its Itstime.3---Whatsthedatetoday—Its1st October.—is ittoday--Its

十三、名词所有格、有生命的名词所有格1）单数后加“飞”，如苏海的双胞胎妹妹吉姆的一家A SuHaTs twinsister JinfsfamilyB）以s结尾的复数名词，只需加“如Teachers9Day教师节the twinsparents）不以结尾的复数名词，则仍需加“飞”，如飞儿童节C“s”Children Day注意表示两人或几人共有的物品，只需在最后一人名后加“飞”，如Ben andJim,s book、无生命的名词所有格，一般与构成短语如2“of”他家的一张照片她的短裙的颜色a photoof hisfamily thecolour of her skirt练一练:翻译下列词组:大卫的叔叔我妹妹的邮票妇女节老师们的办公室他笔友的信这本书的名字双胞胎的书房孩子们的爱好邮局的大门

（1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物o如The maponthewall isnew.（）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物如2Look at the picture,please.

（3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物如This isa stamp.The stampis beautiful.

（4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前如the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球

（5）用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前如theGreatWall长城（）用在江河、湖海等专有名词前如:6长江the ChangjiangRiver、定冠词用在单数或者复数名词前没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那它的基本用法:2the the（）此外，序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词如:7the thefirst day,the bestboy,play thepiano,inthe same class确定用、还是时可根据汉语意思a an the练一练＞用或填空1a anice-cream goalkeeperteapot appleofficeEnglish bookumbrella unithour、根据需要，填写冠词或2a,anthe1Who isgirl behindtree2oldmanhas twochildren,son anddaughter.3This isorange.orange isLucys.4He likesplaying guitar.We havesame hobby.5We allhad goodtime lastSunday.6She wantsto bedoctor.、按要求改写句子3），（改为一般疑问句）l Itsabook.it a）（对划线部分提问）2My fatheris inthestudy.isfather）（做肯定回答）3Do youwatch TVevery Sunday）（改为以引导的感叹句）4This pictureis beautiful.whatWhat picture!）（改为否定句）5Open the door forhim.open for!）（对划线部分提问）6I have a bigpresent.doyou肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答He isrunning now.He isntrunning now.—Is herunning now---Yes,he is./No,he isnt.They aremaking a puppet.They arentmaking apuppet.—Are theymaking apuppet---Yes,they are./No,they arent.）（改为单数句子）7There aresomeorangetrees.There orange.）（对划线部分提问）8we are going tosee aBeijing opera.What you do）（改为一般疑问句）9He hassome questions.hequestions）（改为一般疑问句）10They visitedtheir relativesand friendslast Spring Festival.they theirrelativesand friendslast SpringFestival

十五、时态、一般现在时

1、当谓语是动词时,构成为主语动词其他如A be+be am,is,are+I ama student.、当谓语是行为动词时，构成有两种B主语非第三人称单数+动词原形+其他如1We oftenwatch TV at theweekends.主语第三人称单数+动词第三人称单数形式+其他2如Jim usuallygoes to the parkon Sundays.、句型变换c肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TV at six everyday.They dont watch TV at six everyday.---Do theywatch TV at six everyday.---Yes,they do./No,they dont.She watchesTV at sixeveryday.She doesnt watch TV at sixeveryday.---Does shewatch TVat sixeveryday.练一练、用括号内动词的适当形式填空A2Daniel andTommy bein ClassOne.1He oftenhavedinner athome.4Nick notgoto thezoo onSunday.3We notwatchTV on Monday.6Therebesome waterinthebottle.5theylikethe WorldCup---Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TVat six Theydontwatch TVatsix—Do theywatchTVatsixeveryday.everyday.everyday.---Yes,they do./No,they dont.She watchesTVatsix ShedoesntwatchTVat---Does shewatchTVatsixeveryday.everyday.sixeveryday.---Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.7your parentsreadnewspapers everyday8Mikelikecooking.9You alwaysdoyour homeworkwell.10They havethesamehobby11My auntlookafter herbaby carefully.12Liu TaodonotlikePE.13She andI takea walktogether everyevening.、按要求转换句子，每空一词B改成否定句1Tom likesplaying basketball with his friends.Tom playingbasketballwith hisfriends.改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答2Davids parentsoften takeawalk aftersupper.—Davidas parentsoftenawalkaftersupper---No,对划线部分提问3They usuallywatchTV.they usually改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答4She isalways agood student.—always astudent---,.改为否定句5Simon andDaniel likegoing skating.Simon andDaniel going.、现在进行时

2、构成形式主语动词+动词的形式+其他A+be ing、判断依据句中往往有、、等词注意千万不要忘了一定得有动词B nowlook listenbe、句型变换C练一练、用所给的动词的正确形式填空A1The boydrawa picturenow.2What youdonow3Listen.Some girlssinginthe classroom.4My mothercooksome nicefood now.5Look.Theyhavean Englishlesson.6Theynot waterthe flowersnow.7Look!the girlsdance intheclassroom.8What isour granddaughterdoing Shelistento music.9Helenwash clothesYes,she is.、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词B刘涛的父亲正在浇花1Liu Taosfatheris.看，孩子们正在操场上踢足球2Look!The childrenintheplayground.她正在公园里散步吗？是的---3shea walkinthe park---Yes,she.正在哪读书？在他书房4Jack—Jackthe booknow---He is.、一般过去时

3、构成形式主语+动词的过去式+其他A注意没有动词的否定句和疑问句中，用否定和用提问后，动词一定要用原形be didntdid、判断依据动词是、；动词加；有表示过去的时间状语,现在学过的常B1be waswere2ed3用的表示过去的时间状语有，just now,a moment,yesterday,lastweek,last night,last weekendlastyear,，，last monththree daysago twoweeks ago,five yearsago...、句型变换:C肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答I wasa teacherfive yearsI wasnta teacherfive years---Were youa teacherfive yearsagoago.ago.-Yes,I was./No,I wasnt.They Dlayedmany gamesThey didntplay manyDidthey Dlaymany games yesterdayyesterday.gamesyesterday.Yes,they did./No,they didnt.练一练、用动词的适当形式填空A1ItbeBens birthdaylast Friday.2We allhaveagoodtime lastnight.3Hejumphigh onlast SportsDay.4Helen milka cowon Friday.5She likesnewspapers,but shea bookyesterday.read6He footballnow,but theybasketball just now.play飞7Jim motherplant treesjust now.8they sweepthe flooronSundayNo,they.9I watcha cartoon on Monday.10We gotoschool onSunday.、按要求改写句子B改为否定句1My fathercame to theshop just now.My fathertotheshopjustnow.改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答2I watchedTV lastnight.—youTV last—,.对划线部分提问3Their teachertold thema story yesterday.their teacher them yesterday改为否定句4They wereonthefarm last Saturday.They onthefarm lastSaturday.改为——般疑问句5David andLiu Taodid theirhomework togethera momentago.David andLiuTao homeworktogether.、一般将来时

4、构成形式主语动词原形+其他主语动词原形+其他A1+be going to+2+will+、判断依据一个句子中既有动词，又有、和动词，且动词用的是原形，句中往往有B begoing to、等词tomorrow soonnext week、句型变换C肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答She isgoing tohavea picnic She isnt going tohavea picnic---Is shegoing tohavea picnic tomorrowtomorrow.tomorrow.---Yes,she is./No,she isnt.—Are theygoing to visit theirgrand parentsTheyaregoing to visittheir Theyarent goingtovisittheirnext Sundaygrandparents next Sunday.grandparentsnext Sunday.---Yes,they are./No,they arent.注意问句中不要用到—Where areyou going---Were goingto Beijing.to练一练、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词A）我打算明天和朋友去野炊1或者I havea picnicwith myfriends.I haveapicnicwith myfriends.）下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球2-Whatnext Monday—I playbasketball.或者—What you do nextMonday—I playbasketball.）你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果3---your mothergoshopping this---Yes,she.She buysome fruit.）你们打算什么时候见面？

4.What time you meet、改写句子B）（改否定句）1Nancy isgoingtogocamping.Nancy goingtogocamping.）（改否定句）2Fil goand join them.I gojointhem.）（改一般疑问句）3Pm goingto get up at6:30tomorrow.togetup at6:30tomorrow）（改一般疑问句）4We willmeet at the busstop at10:

30.meet at the busstop at10:30）（对划线部分提问）5Sheisgoingtolisten to music afterschool.she afterschool时态综合练一练（每空根据需要可以填多个词）、用所给词的适当形式填空11Today isa sunnyday.Wehaveapicnicthis afternoon.2My brothergoto Shanghainext week.3Tom oftengotoschool on foot.But todayis rain.He gotoschoolby bike.4What doyou usuallydo atweekends I usuallywatch TV andcatch insects5Its Fridaytoday.What shedothis weekendShewatchTVandcatchinsects.6Whatdoyou do lastSundayI pickapples ona farm.WhatdonextSundayImilkcows.7Mary visither grandparentstomorrow.8Liu Taoflykites intheplaygroundyesterday.9David giveapuppetshow nextMonday.10Iplanfor mystudy now.、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词2杨玲正在问高山一些关于公共标志的问题1Yang LingisGao Shansome about.最喜爱的科目是英语2DavidFavourite subject.谁跑得快，男孩还是女孩？3Who,the boysorthegirls我父亲每天起床都很早，锻炼身体4My fatherupandsome exerciseeveryday.你们有什么爱好？他喜欢集邮，我喜欢听音乐5---Whatyour---Hestamps andI liketomusic.昨天我们想去参观博物馆，可不认识去的路我们就问了一个警察，他告诉了我们路线6Wetothe museum,but weknow there.We apoliceman,and hetold theway.将在音乐会上演奏钢琴吗7NancyNancy tothetheconcert）我们开始上课好吗？谁来读生词？8weour lessonnowwould tothe word三，数词我们学过两类基数词和序数词基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现区别基数词前面没有；序数词前一定要有“the”“the”、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上如121twenty-one、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上如2and101a/one hundredand one、用基数词来修饰可数名词时，一定别忘了它的复数形式如十八个男孩、用基3eighteen boys4数词修饰不可数名词时，如是复数，变它的量词为复数如两碗米饭、序数词一般加，特殊的有two bowlsof rice5th”first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,以及二十及二十以外的整十”第几十几”前面整十不变，后twelfth twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth…面“几”改为序数词如:88eighty-eighth练一练、请翻译下列短语1160名学生215本英语书九杯凉水个孩子344512月3166月2日7第九周840年前上学第一天911+

710、把下列基数词改成序数词2one-two--一three--ninefourteen—twenty-thirty-five---eighty-one

四、代词代词有两种人称代词和物主代词、人称代词分为第

一、第

二、第三人称，且有单复数之分

1、人称代词的主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前疑问句除外；宾格在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后

2、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词是属于谁的

3、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词如4This is my bag.=Thisismine.That isher ruler.=That ishers.一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词；如无，就用名词性物主代词请牢记下表单数复数*主格人称代I youhe shewe youtheyIt宾格词meyouhim herit usyou them物主形容词性my yourhis herits ouryour their代词名词性mine yourshis hersits oursyours theirs练一练、按要求写出相应人称代词1（宾格）（形容词性物主代词）（名词性物主代词）I shewe（复数）（单数）（主格）（宾格）heustheirs its、想一想，把下表补充完整2人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称me usour第二人称you youhehis第三人称herthemtheir•.itsIt、用所给词的适当形式填空31That is notkite.That kiteis verysmall,but isvery big.I2The dressis.Give itto.she3Is thiswatchyouNo,its not.I4ismybrother.name isJack.Look!Those stampsare.he5dresses arered.weWhat colourareyou6Show yourkite,OK they7I havea beautifulcat.name isMimi.These cakesare.it8Are thesetickets No,are not.arent here.they9Shall havea lookat thatclassroom Thatis classroom.we10ismyaunt.Do youknow jobisa nurse.she11Where areI cantfind.Lets callparents.they12Dont touch.is nota cat,isatiger!it13sister isill.Please goand see.she14The girlbehind isourfriend.she

五、形容词、副词、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征形容词和副词有三种形式原形、比较级、最1高级比较级最高级+erthe…+est两个重要特征中间一定用原形，的前面一定要as……as than+er、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下2一般直接单音节词如果以结尾,只加如1+er tall-taller,fast-faster-e-r late-later重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加如

2.er big-bigger,fat-fatter以辅音字母加结尾的词，变为再加如3-yyi,-er heavy-heavier,early-earlier双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加构成如4more beautiful-more beautiful,careful-more careful,quietly-more quietly,interesting-more interesting有些不规则变化的，须逐一加以记忆如5good/well-better,bad/ill-worse,many/much-more,far-farther/further,old-older/elder...练一练、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级1big goodlong talloldshort thinheavy youngfatlight stronghigh farlowearly latewell fastslow、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空21I canswimasfastasthe fish,I think.2Look!His handsarebigthan mine.3I thinkyoudothese thingswell than your classmates.4Whose bagis heavy,yours ormine5Does Jimrun asslowas DavidYes,but Mikeruns slowthan them.6You haveseven books,but Ihave manythanyou.Ihave ten.7I jumpfar thansome ofthe boysin myclass.8Im verythin,but shesthinthan me.9It getsand warmwhen springcomes here.

六、介词

1、一种虚词不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用有in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,in frontof,out of,from...to...,attheback of...

2、表示时间的介词有at,on,ino

（1）at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”，或用在固定词组中如at teno9clock,（）表示“在某日或某日的时间段”如:at9:30a.m.,at night,attheweekend...2ononFriday,onthefirst ofOctober,（）表示“在某一段时间（月份、季节）里“onMondaymorning...3in inthe afternoon,in September,in summer,in

2005...、一词还有其他的固定搭配,如（穿着蓝色的衣服），（用英语表达），（参3in inblue inEnglish takepart in加）练一练、选用括号内恰当的介词填空11Whats this at,on,inEnglish2Christmas isat,on,inthe25th ofDecember.3The manwith,on,inblack isSu Haisfather.4He doesntdo wellat,on,inPE.5Look atthose birdson,inthe tree.6We aregoingtomeetat,on,inthe busstopat,on,inhalf pastten.7Is therea catunder,behind,inthedoor8Helens writingpaper isin,in frontofhercomputer.9We liveat,on,ina newhouse now.

2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上10Does itoften rainat,on,inspring there1Jim isgood inEnglish andMaths.2The filmswere inthe groundjustnow.3Theyaretalking totheir plans.4How manystudents havetheir birthdayson May5Womens Dayisatthe thirdof March.6Icanjog toschoolonthe morning.7Did youwater treesatthefarm8Can youcome andhelp meon myEnglish9Iusuallytake photosin Sundaymorning.10What didyoudoontheSpringFestival

七、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词（就是我们平时总说的那种be动词）动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法先用“一（量词）“（如一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词（目前我们学过的,以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道）动词1be am,is,are,was,were一口诀我用你用用在他她它，所有复数全用1am was,is-was,are-were am,are,is are肯定和否定句2I am not fromLondon.He isnota teacher.She isnotinthedining room.My hairisnot long.Hereyes arenotsmall.一般疑问句3Am I a ChineseYes,you are.No,you arent.Are theyAmerican Yes,they are.No,they arent.Is thecat fatYes,it is.No,it isnt.4be动词的否定形式:amnot没有缩写形式，are not=aren9t,isnot=isnt°用恰当的动词填空be练一练、用动词的适当形式填空1be2The girlJacks sister.1Iaboy.youaboy No,I not.4The manwith bigeyes ateacher.3The dogtall andfat.6How yourfather5your brotherintheclassroom8Whose dressthis7Mike andLiuTaoat school.10Who I9Whose socksthey11The jeansonthedesk.13Here somesweaters foryou.12Here ascarf foryou.15This pairof gloves for Yang Ling.14The blackglovesforSu Yang.17Some teaintheglass.16The twocups of milk forme.19My sistefsname Nancy.18Gao shansshirt overthere.21There agirl inthe room.20David andHelen fromEngland23thereanyapple juiceinthebottle22There someapples onthe tree.25You,he andI fromChina.24There somebread onthe plate.26There aboy,two girls,three menand tenwomen inthepark.、助动词2do,does,did用于一般现在时，其过去式用于一般过去时它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中它们的否定形式do,does diddonot=dont,does not=doesnt,did not=didnt注意在一般现在时中，does用于第三人称单数，其余一律用助动词do；助动词do,does,did后面一定要用动词原形练、用适当的助动词填空11youlikethis magazine2The girllike breadforbreakfast.3--What sheattheweekends---She usuallyplays gameswith herfriends.4---Wha youdolastSunday---1wrote tomyfriend.一5---Did you see aBeijing operaNo,I.6He notvisit afarmlastNational Dayholiday.7They notlike playingvolleyball.8---Jim haveapicnicwithhisfamily everySaturday---Yes,he9Helen andYangLinggo toschoolonfoot everyday10---How manykites wehave---We haveten.、找出下列句子中的错误，将序号填入题前括号内，并改正21Did youhad abig lunchwith yourfamily lastSpring FestivalA B C2---What dotheboyhave inhis pencil-box---He hasa rubber.A BC3They doesntlike thefilm.ABC4Do JimgetupatsixeverydayA BC5Dont givingthe ballto LiuTao.ABC、情态动词3情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中我们现在学过的情态动词有、、can couldshall shouldwill wouldmay mightmusto注意情态动词后动词总是用原形不受其他任何条件影响其否定形式注意和无缩写形式can not=cantmust not=mustrft,...may notshall not练一练选择填空1The signonthewall meansyou stayaway fromthe building.A.must B・cant C.shouldnt2How manybooks yousee onthedeskA.may B.can C.should3It meansyou makenoise inthe library.A.should B..shouldnt C.can4—youlikea glassofmilk—Yes,please.A.May B.Could C.Would5---youseethe signoverthere---Sorry,I cantA.Can B.Cant C.Should6wegotothepark bybus A.May B.Must C.Shall。