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初高中英语语法连接材料第四讲代词人称代词物主代词人称主格宾格反身代词形容词性名词性单数1me myselfmy mine复数we usourselves ourours—•单数you you yourself youryours复数youyouyourselves youryours单阳性he himhimself hishis阴性she herherself herhers二数中性it ititself Itsits复数they themthemselves theirtheirs代词可以分为以下七大类主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they1人称代词宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them形容词性my,your,his,her,its,our,their2物主代词名词性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves4指示代词this,that,these,those5疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever6关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,asone/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/a few/a little.7不定代词other/another,all/both,neither/either形容词性物主代词的相关短语all oneslife某人一生，终生change ones mind转变某人的办法lose oneslife某人丧生take onestime不焦急,渐渐来with oneshelp在某人的关心下do/try onesbest尽某人最大的努力lose onesway某人迷路hold onesbreath某人屏住呼吸make uponesmind某人下定决心to onessurprise令某人感到惊异的是反身代词的相关短语dress oneself自己穿衣服by oneself单独地，单独地keep sth.to oneself保密prove oneself证明自己enjoy oneself玩得开心hurt oneself损害自己for oneself为自己,亲自e to oneself恢复,清醒lose oneself迷失自我help oneself（to）自用（食物等）自学自言自语献身teachoneself=learnbyoneself speaktooneselfdevoteoneselfto Jloseoneself=loseones迷路让别人懂自己的意思坐下way makeoneself understoodseat oneself=sit down=be seated不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词（或形容词）的代词叫做不定代词.不定代词有:一些（可数或不行数）某人某人some somebodysomeone某物.某事一些，任何任何人something anyanybody任何人任何事物无anyone anythingno无人无一人无物nobody noone nothing全体.全部两个两者都不all bothneither没有人或物（两者中）任何—个每个none eithereach每个每人.大家,人人每人every everybodyeveryoneeverything每一个事物.一切other（s）另一个（些）another另外一个.又一个很多（不行数）很多（可数）很少（可数）much manyfew一些，几个（可数）很少（不行数）一些（不行数）a fewlittle a little一个（人或物）one用法留意点
1.one,some与any1）one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为onessome多用于确定句，any多用于疑问句和否认句2）some可用于疑问句中，表示希望得到确定的答复，或者表示建议，恳求等Would you like somebananasCould yougive mesome money3）some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个I haveread thisarticle insome magazines.Please correctthe mistakes,if any.
2.each和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必需是三个或三个以上Each studenthas apocket dictionary./Each of us hasa dictionary./We eachhave adictionary.Every studenthas strongand weakpoints./Every oneof ushas strongand weakpoints.
3.none和nono等于not any,作定语none作主语或宾语，代替不行数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以There isno waterin the bottle.How muchwater isthere in thebottleNone.None of the studentsare isafraid ofdifficulties.
4.other和another1other泛指“另外的，别的”the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the othersoHeheld abook inone handand hisnotes in the other.Two studentsin ourclass failed,but allthe otherspassed theexam.2another指“又一个，另一个“无所指，复数形式是thers,泛指“别的人或事”I dontlike thisshirt,please showme anotherone.Some likefootball,while otherslike basketball.
5.all和both,neither和eitherall表示不行数名词时，其谓语动词用单数both和all加否认词表示局部否认，全部否认用neither和none.All ofthe books are notwritten inEnglish./Not allofthebooksarewritten inEnglish.Both ofus arenot teachers./Not both ofusare teachers./Either ofus isa teacher.
6.little几乎没有修饰不行数名词a little一些修饰不行数名词few几乎没有修饰可数名词a few一些修饰可数名词
7.复合不定代词复合不定代词的辨析及复合不定代词与形容词的位置关系上解答不定代词的辨析类试题,首先要分析语境或找出句中的关键词，并明确代词所指代的对象
①指代人还是指代物；
②确定概念还是否认概念；
③有没有固定句型因此考生在复习过程中应把握复合不定代词的根本用法2代词在选择题中的运用中选项同为人称代词I,she,you,he,物主代词my,his,her,yourj或反身代词himself,herself,myself,yourself时，依据句子中的提示词或已给出的人称来推断空格处相应的代词如能代表第三人称she以及相关形式的提示词有lady,woman,mother,Miss,Mrs.,sister,aunt,Lily,girl,madam等等;能代表第三人称he以及相关形式的提示词有gentleman,man,father,Mr.,brother,uncle,boy,sir等等代词在正确形式填空题中的运用3依据语境推断填人称代词宾格的推断方法
①动词后作宾语；
②介词后作宾语填物主代词的推断方法
①空格后出名词填形容词性物主代词；
②固定短语try onesbest；
③动词或系动词后填形容词性物主代词I.Last weekthe studentswent skatingand enjoyedvery much,them
2.On mylast birthday,my brotherbought abook asa gift.l
3.So far,our footballteam haswon everymatch thisyear.That makesfeelproud.we
4.Your classroomis on the secondfloor andis onthe thirdfloor.we
5.The twogirls helpeda womanfind herlost sonon wayhome,they
6.We shouldnttake thesegame showstoo seriouslywhile watching.they
7.1f youare visitinga patientin hospital,youd betterkeep voicedown anddo notdisturbothers.you代词在句子中的运用4it的常用句型1作形式主语It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是怎么样的It takes/took sb.some time/money to dosth.做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱lts+adj.+that从句如2作形式宾语:常用在动词find,think,make,consider,feel等词后稳固练习1—Excuse me,whats yourname_name isBetty.A.My B.His C.Her D.Your
2.Each timeI listento ErquanYingyue,a pictureof sadbeauty appearsin mymind.A.it B.its C.its D.itself
3.Help tofood anddrinks,boys andgirls!A.yours B.you C.your D.yourselves4,Miss Zhangis Englishteacher.She hastaught inour schoolfor tenyears.A.me B.my C.I D.mine
5.This morningI forgotto bringfood.And itskind ofyou toshare withme.A.you B.yours C.my D.mine
6.Whenever Maryreads aninteresting story,she cantkeep itto andwants toshareit withher friends.A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
7.—Which citywould youlike tolive in,Beijing orShanghai—Id like to chooseKunming.A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
8.一Can youspeak Chinese,Steve一Yes,only.I havebeen inChina foronly onemonth.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
9.一How didyou getthe MP4,from ashop orby phone一.I alwayslike shoppingonline.A.None B.Neither C.Both D.All
10.一Would youliketoplay basketballor football一is OK.I amgood at bothof them,so itsup toyou.A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All11—I dontknow howtodo.Any goodsuggestions一Dont alwaysthink ofyourself,and youshould alsothink of.A.the otherB.another C.others D.other
12.My twin brothers promisedmy parentsto giveup playingputer games,but ofthemmade it.A.either B.both C.none D.neither
13.Most studentsare playingontheplayground andthere arestill studentsstayingintheclassroom.A.a fewB.fewC.a little D.little
14.of mytime isspent onlearning.So I have mademuch progressin mystudy.A.Many B.Much C.Few D.A few
15.There isjuice inthe fridge.I mustgo to the supermarketat onceto buysome.A.much B.a fewC.littleD.many
16.—Its sunnyoutside.Why notgo outand have a look一There ishere.I justwant tohave arest.A.nothing specialB.something newC.everything amazingD.anything similar
17.一Where wouldyouliketo gothis MidAutumn Festival一rd liketo go.A.everywhere relaxingB.somewhere relaxingC.peaceful anywhereD.peaceful somewhere
18.一Much personalinformation isstolen whenpeople buythings onthe Internet.一Terrible!must bedone tokeep theInternet safety.A.Everything B.Anything C.Something D.Nothing
19.1find necessaryto leamabout thecustoms ofa countrybefore yougo there.A.that B.this C.it D.one20—Hello,Linda speaking.Whos一Hello,this isMartin.A.it B.one C.that D.this模拟练习与高考真题再现
1.Nervously facingchallenges,I knowI willwhisper toI thetwo simplewords4Be yourselT.
2.Like universitystudents,US highschool studentshave thefreedom tochoose thecourses thatmostinterestthey.
3.On mydesk isa photothat myfather tookofI whenI wasa baby.
4.If ourparents doeverything forwechildren,we wontlearn todepend onourselves.
5.Our neighborsgave usa babybird yesterdaythat hurtitwhen itfell offits nest.
6.That eveningI wentto hearhespeak andwas veryimpressed byhis passion.
7.they jobis tofind bamboosinthecity andreturn themtothecountryside.
8.On myrecent visit,I helda livelythree-month-old twinthat hadbeen rejectedby itmother.
9.People inwestern countrieshave alifestyle quitedifferent fromwe.lO.Nicky andI bothhave redhair butsheislighter thanmine.
11.Apart froma fewgrammatical mistakes,this positionofyou iswell written.
12.The lawyersaid,“This childis nobody*s childuntil someonemakes hertheir officially/
713.The Presidentbetrayed themwhen hewent backonhe promisenot toraise taxes.
14.You canget anew setof tools,or elseyou mayuseI forthe timebeing.
15.2021•新高考卷IAsthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroadwillneverdisappearz，,anditwillalwaysstickin thevisitors memory.It suredoes inI.
16.2021•全国乙卷Ecotourism hasitorigin withthe environmentalmovement ofthe1970s.
17.202■新高考卷I Aswell aslooking atexhibits,visitors canplay withputer simulations模拟andimaginethey livingat adifferent timein historyor walkingthrough arainforest.
18.2018•全国卷^IWhen thegorillas and1frightened eachother,I wasjust gladto findtheyalive.参考答案稳固练习
1.themselves句意上周，同学们去滑冰了并且玩得特别快乐enjoyoneself玩得快乐，因主语为thestudents,故填themselves
2.me句意在我的上一个生日，我的哥哥给买了一本书作为礼物bought是动词，后面跟代词宾格形式作宾语，I的宾格形式为me故填me
3.us句意至今，我们的足球队已经赢了，今年的每场竞赛这令我们傲慢make为动词，后面跟代词宾格形式作宾语，we的宾格形式是us故填us
4.ours句意:你们的教室在二楼，在三楼依据and可知，前后都指教室此处指我们的教室，题干没有消失classroom,所以要用名词性物主代词ours,故填ours
5.their句意在回家的路上，这两个女孩关心一位女士找到了她丢失的儿子ononewayhome,意为在某人回家的路上”，they的形容词性物主代词为their故填their
6.them句意当我们观看这些嬉戏节目时，我们不应当太严厉？地看待动词后跟人称代词宾格形式，故填them
7.your句意假如你正在探望住院的病人，你最好把声音放低，不要打搅其他人依据句意可知此处是指“你的声音，应用you的形容词性物主代词故填your稳固练习
1.A考杳物主代词词义辨析句意“打搅一下，请问你叫什么名字？〃名字是贝蒂”四个选项都为形容词性物主代词依据句子中的your”可知，问的时象是你，所以回合时主语应当是“我，此处是指“我的名字是贝蒂”
2.B考查代词的用法句意为每次我听？二泉映月？时一幅凄美的画面就消失在我的脑海里分析句子结构，空格处需修饰限定后面的名词beauty,故用形容词性物主代词计s
3.D考查人称代词词义辨析句意男孩和女孩们！随便吃食物、喝饮料吧！help oneselfto请自取……再依据boys andgirls可知为复数形式
4.B考查人称代词词义辨析句意为:张小姐是英语老师她在我们学校教书10年了依据句意可知此处是指“我的〃英语老师，需用I的形容词性物主代词my修饰
5.B考查人称代词词义辨析句意为今日早晨我遗忘带食物了你真好，和我共享you你（们），人称代词主格或宾格；yours你（们）的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词由句意可知，空格处指物，故应用能够替代your food的名词性物主代词
6.D考查人称代词词义辨析句意为无论什么时候玛丽读到一那么好玩的故事，她都不能独享，并且想跟她的伴侣们共享she她，代词主格；her她，人物代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词keep…tooneself为固定用法，意为“保守陷秘”
7.C考查不定代词词义辨析句意“你想住在哪座城市，北京还是上海？“0我会选择昆明Elher二者之一；Both二者都；Neither二者都不；None没有一个，常指对三者或三者以上事物或人的否认从Id liketo chooseKunming.可知是对前面两座城市的否认因此，Neither符合语境
8.D考查不定代词词义辨析句意为“史蒂夫，你会说汉语吗？〃“是的，只我在中国仅仅待了一个月”few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数）；afew一些、几个（修饰可数名词复数）；little几乎没有（修饰不行数名词）；alittle一点儿（修饰不行数名词）依据答语“Yes”以及Ihavebeen inChina foronly onemonth.可知他会说，但会得不多，汉语是不行数名词,所以用a little
9.B考查不定代词词义辨析句意为“你是如何买的这个MP4,从商店还是通过？〃“我总是喜爱网购〃None（三者或三者以上）都不；Neither两者都不；Both两者都；Al（l三者或三者以上）都依据答语,1alwayslikeshoppingonline.w可推知既不是从商店买的，也不是通过买的，二者都不是应选区
10.A考查不定代词词义辨析句意这道题是这么难，以至于同学能答复上来依据前【解析】考查一般不定代词词义辨析句意为“你想打篮球还是踢足球？〃都可以两个我都擅长，所以你打算Either表示两者中任意一者；Neither表示两者都不；Both表示两者都；All表示三者或三者以上都依据答语I amgoodatbothofthem,so itsup toyou/可知，此处表示两者中任意一个都可以应选A文“so difficult可知后半句表示否认含义，且students为可数名词复数
11.C考查一般不定代词词义辨析句意为“我不知道该怎么做（你）有好的建议吗？”“不要总想着你自己，你应当为着想〃the other两者中的另一个；another三者及三者以上的另一个；others其他的人/物；other别的，其他的依据句意可知此处指“其他人
12.D考杳一般不定代词词义辨析句意为我的两个双胞胎哥哥（弟弟）向我的父母许诺放弃玩电脑嬉戏，但是他们做到either表示两者中的任何一个；both表示两者都；none表示三者或三者以上都不；neither表示两者都不依据本句中关键词twinbrothers可知是两个人，所以首先排解C,同时由转折连词but可知两个哥哥1弟弟）都没有实现他们的诺言
13.A考查一般不定代词词义辨析句意大局部同学正在操场上玩，还有同学待在教室a few修饰可数名词复数，表确定；few修饰可数名词复数，表否认；alittle修饰不行数名词，表确定；little修饰不行数名词，表否认由句意可知是指“还有一些同学待在教室里〃
14.B考查一般不定代词词义辨析句意为我大多数的时间都花费在学习上所以我在学习上取得了很大进步time为不行数名词
15.C考查一般不定代词词义辨析句意冰箱里果汁我必需马上去超市买一些依据后一句“马上去超市买一些〃可知，冰箱里几乎没有果汁了，表示否认意义，juice为不行数名词
16.A考查复合不定代词的用法句意“外边天气晴朗为什么不出去看看呢？“这里______我只想休息一下nothing special没什么特殊的；something new一些新的东西；everything amazing令人惊异的事情；anything similar任何相像的事情依据后句“I justwant tohavearest我只想休息一下（不想去看）”可知此处表达没什么特殊的
17.B考查复合不定副词的用法句意“这个中秋节你想去哪里？“我想去〃地点副词与形容词连用时，形容词后置，排解选项C、Do everywhererelaxing使人放松的每个地方；somewhere relaxing使人放松的某个地方
18.C考查复合不定代词词义辨析句意为“很多用户的信息在他们网上购物时被窃取了〃真糟糕！必需做来保证网络平安Everything每件事Anything任何小；Something一些事；Nothing没有事依据语境及常理可知应当做一些事来保证网络平安
19.C考查指示代词的用法句意:我发觉在去一个国家前，学习那个国家的风俗习惯很有必要that那,那个，表远指;this这,这个，表近指;it它，指代上文提到的对象;one一件，代表与上文同一类但不同一的事物依据句意可知此处应是固定句型:find+it+adj.+todosth.,表示“发觉做某事……〃，其中it是形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语
20.C考查指示代词的用法句意为“你好，我是琳达是谁？“你好，我是马丁〃打，询问对方是谁用that模拟练习与高考真题再现
1.myself
2.them
3.me
4.us
5.itself
6.him
7.Their
8.its
9.ours
10.hers
11.yours
12.theirs
13.hisl
4.mine
15.mine
16.its
17.themselves
18.them。
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