中考英语语法专项复习主谓一致

中考英语语法专项复习主谓一致主谓一致的原则有三个语法一致、意义一致和就近原则♦一语法一致语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词如

①My bikeis underthe tree.我的自行车在树下

②These booksare old.这些书是旧的

1.and和both…and连接两个或三个名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式

①Mike andJohn aregood friends.迈克和约翰是好朋友

②Bo thbroad andmilk argood for you.面包和牛奶对你都有好处

2.主语后接with,as well as,including,besides,except,but等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单复数形式决定

①He wilhhis parentsisworking inthe fields.他正和他的父母在地里干活

②She as well asother studentslikes playing computer games.她和其他学生一样，也喜欢玩电脑游戏

3.当主语前有every.each.either,neither修饰或each.either.Neither作主语时，谓语动词要用单数如

①Every minut cisimportant tous.每分钟对我们都很重要

②Each sludenlhasa book.每一个学生都有一本书

③Each of the girlshasa bigapple intheir hands.每一个女孩的手里都有一个苹果

④Either answeris correct.两个答案都是正确的

4.不定代词either,neither,each one,the other,another,anybody,anything,someone,nobody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数如

①Somebody iswaiting for you outside.有人在外面等你

②Iseverybody heretoday今天大家都到齐「吗？

5.“anumberof+名词复数”（许多、一些）=many作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式“the numberof+名词复数”（…的数量）作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式如

①A numberof Ireesarecut down,许多树被砍伐

②The numberof studentsin ourclass i_s

45.我们班的学生数目是

456.a lotof lotsof/plenty of+名词作主语时，谓语动词由of后的名词的单复数决定如果f后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是名词复数，谓语动词用复数如

①Most oftime isused forplayingcomputer games.大部分时间用来玩电脑游戏

②Plenty ofworkcrsare working.许多工人正在工作

7.不定式或V.-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式如

①Learning Englishj_s necessaryfor us.学英语对于我们来说是有必要的

②To playwith firenear agas stationisvery dangerous.在加油站附近玩火很危险♦二意义一致意义-•致就是根据句子主语意义上的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数

1.and连接的两个名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数如Thfamous singorand danceris comingto Chongqing.那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来重庆

2.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的名词复数作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数如:

①Ten yearshas passedquickly.10年很快就过去了

②Ten dollarsis enough.10美元就够了

③100kilometers is a longway.100公里是一段很长的路

3.集体名词如family/class等如果表示集体概念，则谓语动词必须用单数形式，如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词必须用复数形式如

①Uy familyisasmall onewith threepeople.我家是一个有着三口人的小家庭

②\Iy familyall likeclassical music.我的家人都喜欢古典音乐

4.加、减、乘、除运算中的谓语动词用单数如

①Two andtwo i_s four.2加2等于

4.

②Six timestwo i_s twelve.6乘2等于

12.

5.“one anda half+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数如One anda halfpearsis lefton theplate.一个半梨被留在盘了•里

6.“the+形容词”作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数如:The sickare takengood careof.病人得到了很好的照顾♦三就近原则有时谓语动词的形式与主语并不一致，而是与它最近的主语保持一致

1.由either…or,neither…nor,not only・••but also,not…but或or连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词在数上与最邻近它的主语保持一致如

①Not onlyLily butalso Jackhasgone tobeijing.不仅莉莉去了北京，杰克也去了北乐

②Not you,but lamwrong.不是你，而是我错了

③Either myfather ormy brotheris coming.我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来

2.There be或Here be后面接并列的名词时，谓语动词在数上应与最邻近的名词保持一致如

①Thore isapen andtwo pencilson thedesk.课桌上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔

②Here aresomeflowers anda cardfor you.这是给你的一些花和•张卡片练习

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.be everythingOK

2.Nobody knowthe answerto thequestion.

3.Not onlyshe butalso I do morningexercises everyday.

4.Either youor shehave madea wrongdecision.

5.The familybe spendingthe weekendtogether.

6.Bread andbutter beher dailybreakfast.

7.All ofthe workbe finished.

8.The oldbe welllooked afterhere.

9.-How muchbe theshoes-Five dollars_______be enough.

10.Neither Jimnor hisparents livein China.

11.Talking loudlyin public_be impolite.

12.Three hoursbe quitea longtime for the studentsto playcomputergameseveryday.

13.Everything beginto growfast inspring.

14.Tom withhis friendsoften goskating onweekends.单项选择

1.There apencil and some bookson thedesk.A.has B.are C.is

2.Nobody exceptyou______late forthe meetingyesterday afternoon.A.is B.were C.was

3.As weall know,the Japanese_______Japanese.A.speak B.spoke C.speaks

4.Kate aswellasmost girls______wearing beautifulclothes,but herfamily_very poor.A.like;is B.likes;is C.likes;are

5.-My shoesworn out.Can youbuy me a newpair-Oh,look!There_______a pairof newshoes that I boughtforyou.A.is;are B.are;is C.is;is

6.Doing eyeexercises_goodforour eyes.A.is B.are C.be

7.Are thereany______on thefarmA.sheep B.duck C.horse

8.There_____a lotof goodnews intoday*s newspaper.A.was B.are C.isA.is B.are C.were

9.Both Johnand Maryinteresting inskating.

10.Each ofthe students______a computerin ourclass.A.have B.has C.there is

11.All ofmy money______stolen lastnight.A.has B.is C.was

12.The police______forthelost childon the hill now.A.looks B.is lookingC.are looking

13.Three kilometers______a longway.You dbetter takea taxi.A.is B.arc C.was

14.Every girland everyboy innew clothestoday.A.are B.is C.were

15.The Blacksgetting readyfor theirholiday.A.is B.are C.be

16.The musicianand writer_______to visitour school.A.is comingB.are comingC.enjoy

17.The headmasteraswellas allthe teachers________.A.have goneto themuseum B.are havinga meetingC.is plantingtrees onthehill

18.Two thirdsof themYoung Pioneers.A.was B.is C.are答案CCABB AACBBCCABB ACC中考语法专项复习―特殊句型♦一虚拟语气

1.虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等，所表示的不是客观存在的现实它主要用于if条件状语从句

2.if条件状语从句真实条件从句（假设条件可以实现）非真实条件从句（不能实现的假设）

3.与现在事实相反的假设结构If+主语+动词过去式（be用were）,主语+would（should/could/might）+动词原形如

①If Iwon amillion dollars,I wouldgive itto charities.如果我中了一百万，我会把它捐慈善机给构

②If Iwere you,I wouldtake thatjob.我要是你，我就接受那份工作

4.与过去事实相反的假设结构If+主语+had+过去分词，主语+would（should/could/might）+have+过去分词如1If youhad takenmy advice,you wouldn,t havefailed.如果你接受我的建议，你就不会失败了2If[had knowthat earlier,I wouldnt havedone it.如果我早点儿知道那件事的话，我就不会去做它了♦二倒装句英语中最基本的语序是“主语+谓语”，但有时为了表达的需要，会改变这种基本的语序,而把谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这叫倒装

1.大部分疑问句使用了倒装语序

①Where areyou from你是哪里人？

②What didshe dowith thebike她是怎样处理那辆自行车的

2.以here或thor开头的句子常用倒装语序以here或there开头的句子，若后面的主语为名词（词组）,主谓要倒装如

①There isa boystanding infront ofthe schoolgate.有一个男孩正站在学校的大门前

②Here comesthe bus.公共汽车来了

③There goesthe bell.铃响了※以here或there开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不能倒装如Here youare.给你

3.由so引起的倒装句在前面陈述的肯定情况也适用于另一者时，通常用由so引起的倒装句，即“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“另一者也如此”如

①You area student.So amI.你是一名学生，我也是

②You usuallygo toschool bybike,andso does he.你通常骑自行车去上学，他也是

③I canfly akite,and scanshe.我会放风筝，她也会※若对前面所说的事实加以肯定,则用“so+主语+bc动词/助动词/情态动词”表示“的确如此这两个句子的主语指的是同一人或同一物如

①Tic likesEnglish.他喜欢英语

②-It sa cloudyday today.今天是个阴天-So hedoes.他的确喜欢英语-So itis.的确如此

4.由neither/nor引起的倒装句在前面陈述的否定情况也适用于另一者时，通常用由neither/nor引起的倒装句，即neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“另一者也不如此”如:

①I haventbought anew pen,and neither/nor hasLucy.我没买新钢笔，露西也没买

②She doesn,t liketea.Neither/nor doI.她不喜欢喝茶，我也不喜欢♦三省略句句子应该具备的成分，有时为了使语言简洁，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫省略句省略句能表达完整的意义初中阶段接触的省略句主要有以下几种简单句的省略、并列句的省略、复合句的省略

1.简单句的省略

①-How areyou,Mike迈克，你好吗？-Fine,Thank you.很好，谢谢你

②-Is this pen yours这支钢笔是你的吗？■No,it snot mine.It sLily,spen.不，不是我的那时莉莉的

③-Would youlike to go out with usthis afternoon今天下午你愿意和我们一起出去吗？-Yes,Idlike/love togo outwith youthis afternoon.是的，我愿意

2.并列句的省略

④She waspoor butshe washonest.她虽然穷，但很诚实

⑤Peter atean eggand Peterdrank acup ofmilk.皮特吃了一个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶

3.复合句的省略

⑥I amSorry thatI amlate.对不起，我迟到了

⑦Please pass meabook,I don t carewhich youpassme.递给我一本书，我不在乎给我哪•本

⑧-Will Tomcome here汤姆会来这儿吗？-Yes,he will.But I dontknow whenhe willcome.是的，他会但我不知道他什么时候来※由which/when/where/how/why引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词

⑨-Do youthink itwill rain你认为会下雨吗？-I hopenot/that itwi11not rain.我希望不会⑩-Can youcome to the party tomorrow evening明天晚上你会来参加聚会吗？-I thinkso/thatIcan come tothepartytomorrowevening.我想能来※用I mafraid/I think/I believe/I hope/I guess等作答时，其后的宾语从句常省略如果从句是肯定句，则用so代替；如果从句是否定句，则用not代替练习

一、单项选择

1.~Yao Mingis oneofthebest basketballplayers inNBA.-,and.A.So ishe;so isKobe B.So heis;so isKobe C.So ishe;so Kobeis

2.Look,here thebus.A.are comingB.come C.comes

3.-Would youlike togo fishing-If LiPing doesn,t go,_______.A.sodoI B.neither willI C.neither doI

4.-Is itgoing torain thisafternoon-.I wanttogoswimming withmy classmates.A.I hopenot B.I hopeso C.I thinkso

5.-Pm verytired andthirsty.A.What aboutsome orangeB.Why notC.That snothing.

6.-Bring yourhomework toschool tomorrow.-OK,.A.IdoB.I willC.I dont

7.-Im goingto Emcishanfor vacation.A.Great!B.You relucky!C.Enjoy yourself!

8.-Would youlike tocometomy birthdaypartyB.T dlike toC.very much

9.He ranfaster thanI inthe400-meter race.A.did B.do C.am

10.-Nice tomeet you,Miss Wang.A.Me,too.B.Really C.I,too.答案BCBAA BCBAA

二、翻译句子，每空一词

1.如果我是你，我就会竭尽全力地学好英语If Iyou,I trymy bestto learnEnglish well.

2.这儿有一些给你的礼物Here somegifts you.

3.-格林先生生病住院了吗？Ts Mr.Green inhospital-恐怕如此-I m.。