中考英语语法专项复习简单句并列句和复合句

中考英语语法专项复习简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等一简单句♦简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子，其句式结构主要有五种

①主+谓

①works ina bigcompany.他在一家大公司工作

②主+系+表She isa kindgirl.她是一个善良的女孩

③主+谓+宾Ann eatsjunk foodtwice aweek.安一周吃两次垃圾食品

④主+谓+间宾+直宾He gaveme apen.他给我一支钢笔

⑤主+谓+宾+宾补He keptme waitingfor twohours.他让我等了两小时二并列句♦并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成并列句中的各简单句同等重要，没有从属关系，是并列的关系，之间用并列连词连接

1.表示顺承的并列连词有and/not only•••but also等如She notonly gaveus alot ofadvice,butalso helpedus toovercome difficulties.他不仅给了我们很多建议,而且还帮助我们克服困难

2.表示选择的并列连词有or,either•••or…等如Either youor Mariawill haveto go.你或玛丽亚得去一趟

3.表示转折的并列连词有but,yet,however等如It ishot insummer here,but its notcoldin winter.这里夏天热，但冬天不冷

4.表示因果关系的并列连词有so,如He workshard,so he is one of thetop studentsin ourclass.因为他学习努力，所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一三宾语从句♦

1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有that可省略，if,whether,who,whose,what等如

①He tellsme that he isgoingshopping thisSunday.他告诉我这个星期天他要去购物

②She askedme if/whether she could joinus.她问我她是否可以加入我们

③Do youknow whobroke the door.你知道谁弄坏了门吗？

2.宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句都要使用陈述语序如

①I want to knowwhen the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的

②Could you tell mewhat yourname is你能告诉我你叫什么名字吗

3.宾语从句的时态

①如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态如He tellsus that he has been ableto lookafter himself.他告诉我们他已经能够照顾自己了

②如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句应该使用对应的过去时态的一种如They saidthat theyhad alreadyfinished thework.他们说他们已经完成了工作

③宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、格言等时，用一般现在时如Everyone knowsthere aresixty minutesin anhour.大家都知道1小时有60分钟

4.否定前移在宾语从句中，当主句的主语为I或we,谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时，否定应前移如

①I don t thinkhe isright.我认为他不对

②We dont supposehe will come.我们猜测他不会来四状语从句♦状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等

1.时间状语从句在时间状语从句中，常用的引导词有when/while/before/after/until till/as soonas/since/as等如

①Shewas cookingwhen someoneknocked at thedoor.有人敲门时，她正在煮饭

②What willyou doafter youfinish yourhomework你做完作业后准备做什么？

2.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中，常用的引导词有if/unless等如

①If itdoesn train,I willgo fishing.如果不下雨，我将去钓鱼

②They willhave apicnic unlessit rainsnext Sunday.如果下星期日不下雨，他们要进行野炊活动※底引导的条件状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，则从句应用一般现在时表将来

3.原因状语从句在原因状语从句中，常用的引导词有because/as/since等如

①He didn t comebecause hewas ill.他没有来，因为他生病了

②As youare sorry,I11forgive you,既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你

4.结果状语从句结果状语从句主要由so…that…/such…that…引导so后接形容词或副词；such后接名词如

①It sso hotthat wewant togo swimming.天太热了，因此我们想去游泳

②That ssuch aninteresting storythat everybodylikes it.那是一个如此有趣的故事，大家都喜欢它

5.目的状语从句在目的状语从句中，常用的引导词有so that/in order that等如©Please sayit ina loudvoice sothat everyonecan hearit.请大声说，以便大家都能听见

②He worksharder inorderthathe cango toa goodcollege.他更加努力地学习，以便能上一所好大学

6.让步状语从句在让步状语从句中，常用的引导词有though/although/even if/even though等though或although引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用如

①He oftenhelps othersthough/although he is notrich,尽管他并不富裕，但他经常帮助别人

②They，11stand byyou evenif youdontsucceed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你

7.比较状语从句比较状语从句常由than/as…as…/not as…as…等引导如

①He ismore outgoingthan Iam.他比我外向

②He ranas fastas Mikedid.他和迈克跑得一样快

③It isnt so/as easyas youthought.这不像你想的那么容易五定语从句♦修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词

1.关系动词的基本用法作主语作宾语作定语指人who/that who/whom/that/whose省略指物which/that which/that/省略whose

①The manwho/that spokeatthemeeting isfrom HongKong.在会上发言的人来自香港who/that指人，作主语

②I dont likethe storywhich/thathetold meyesterday.我不喜欢他昨天给我讲的故事which/that指物，作宾语

③I visiteda scientistwhose nameis knownall overthe world.我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家whose指人，作定语

2.关系副词的基本用法⑴when在句中作状语，表示时间如He remembersthe daywhen he joinedthe League.他记得他入团的那天⑵where在句中作定语，表示地点如This isthe placewhereLu Xunwas born.这就是鲁迅出生的地方⑶why在句中作状语，表示原因如This isthe reasonwhyheislate today.这就是他今天迟到的原因练习一用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Mrs.Wang saidthat shebuy anew carthe nextday.

2.Our Englishteacher toldus that Christmas beon December

25.

3.I11tell youas soonas Kate________come here.

4.Could youtell mewhen yourfather go to NewYork Whenhe gothere,we11see himoff.

5.Home withkids isoneofthe TVsitcoms thatmake uslaugh againand again.二单项选择1Could youplease keepthe windowsIt sso hotin the room..A openB.opens C.opening.2Work hard,you11fall behindyour classmates..A.and B.but Cor.3Ben askedme hadread thenews intoday newspaper..A whatB.that C.if.4-Can youtell me.-Of course.He comes from Japan.A.where ishe fromB.where doeshe comefrom C.whenhecomesfrom5I dont knowif sheto theparty.If she，I11tell you..A comes;comes B.will come;comes C.will come;willcome.6Cathy likescomedies,they revery funny..A.because B.if C.so7His brotherhasbeento StoneForest twicehe cameto Yunnan..A sinceB.after C.before.8They piledthe snowone placethe childrencould makea snowman.A sothat B.when C.until.9-I wont goto theparty tomorrow..you toldme youwould,what shappeningA.Or BSo But.

10.-You dont lookwell.What swrong withyou,Wang Ming-Last nightI watchedthe footballmatch anddidntgotobed11o clock.A.when B.until C.while11Mr.Brown knowslittle Japanese,he cant understandthe instructions.on thebottle ofthe pills.A orB.so C.but.12You willbe lateyou hurryup..A.when B.unless C.if

13.Some peoplelike toplay mahjong,others don,t.A.when B.while C.as

14.heisyoung,he knowsseveral languages.A.Though;but B.Though;so C.Though;/

15.By thenhe threeEnglish songs.

16.There isa filmwe likebest.A.has learnedB.learned C.had learnedA.whose B.who C./

17.This isthe mostinteresting bookI veread before.A.that B.which C.who

18.This istheroomin ChairmanMao lived.A.that B.which C.whom

19.August1,1927was theday thePLA wasfounded.A.where B.thatC.when答案ACCC BAAACBBB BCCCABC三写出下列句子的同义句，每空一词

1.The foreignerswant to know howthey canlearn Chinese kung fu well.The foreignerswant toknow learnChinesekungfuwell.

2.When does thetrainleave I want toknow.Iwanttoknowdoesthetrain

3.“Do youwanttotry somethingnew”Tom,s mother asked him.Tom smotheraskedhim totry somethingnew.

4.You mustbe quick.If not,you11miss theearly bus.quick.you11miss theearly bus.

5.Jim smother lethim watchTV afterhe finished his homework.Jim smother lethim watchTV hefinishedhishomework.

6.You shouldnt tellhim youraddress,I think.I thinkyoutellhim youraddress.

7.He ranso fastthat wecouldn,t catchup withhim.He ranfast catchup with.

8.This shirtwas socheap thatshecouldbuy it.This shirtwas____________________________________buy.

9.He workedhard sothathecould makemore money.He workedhard makemore money.

10.Because itsnowed heavily,the traffichad tostop.The traffichad tostop thesnow.。