2023年-学位英语虚拟语气

学位英语语法重点一一虚拟语气虚拟语气（每次考试一般占4-5分）所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小，称为虚拟条件句假设类型条件从句动词的时态结果主句的动词的时态与现在事实相反if+过去式（be只用were不用was）动词原型would/should/might/could++去过分词would/should/might/could+have与过去事实相反if had+过去分词与将来事实可能相反+动词原形+动词原形if were to ifshould动词原型

一、在条件句中的应用:would/should/might/could+If hehad time,he would come.如果有时间，他一定来（已经过去）现在事实A.I wouldcertainly goif Ihad time.如果我有时间当然去If hewere here,he mighthelp you.如果他在这也许帮能你、（年）1I wouldask Georgeto lendus themoney ifI him.C,95A.had knownB.have knownC.knew D.know虚拟条件句，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类过去事实B.、（59If Bobwith us,he would have hada goodtime.C,95年）A.would come B.would have come C.had come D.came将来事实C.we wouldstate athome ifit shouldrain tomorrow.If Iweretodo theexamination I would itsome otherway.注意:⑴条件从句中，如果含有动词、助动词、情态动词，或动词可省略be had,should to have,要倒装，即把这些词放到主语前面if,年

1.you werebusy,I wouldnt have bothered you withmy questions.B,96A.If Irealized B.Had Irealized C.Did Ihave realizedthat D.As Irealized，

57.Had theweather beengood thechildren outfor awalk.2001A.had goneB.could havegone C.would goD.went答当虚拟语气中含有等词时，可以省略把这些词放在主语B.were,had,should,would if,之前,万一我见到他，我会告诉他的Should Imeet her,I wouldtell herWere Iin yourposition,I.如果我处在你的位置上，我会做的更好would doit betterHad theymade preparations,they would.如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的本句为和过去的事实相反的虚拟语have succeeded气，因此选B.

32.the adviceof hisfriends,he would not havesuffered sucha heavyloss inhisbusiness.A.If hetook B.If he should takeC.Were heto takeD.Had hetakenD,0404⑵条件从句有时可以用介词短语代替有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句常用with,without,but for.We couldnt haveachieved somuch without your help.要不是你们帮忙我们不会取得这么大的成绩the work in time.D,A.did notfinish B.could notfinish C.will notfinish D.would not

36.But formy classmateshelp,I0404have finished

32.Without heatand sunlight,plants onthe earth0411well.A,⑵条件从句有时可以用介词短语代替有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句常用with,without,but for.We couldnthaveachieved somuch withoutyour help.要不是你们帮忙我们不会取得这么大的成绩

36.But formy classmateshelp,I theworkintime.D,0404A.did notfinish B.could notfinish C.will notfinish D.would nothave finished

32.Without heatand sunlight,plants onthe earthwell.A,0411A.would notgrow B.will notgrow C.had notgrown D.wouldnotbe grown

二、以引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句，虚拟语气中时态类似在非真实条件从wish that句中时态的应用一时态后移，引导从句的可以省略that⑴表示现在或将来的愿望相反的用过去时主语++从句过去时wish were我真希望和你们一样年青I wishthat Iwere asyoung asyou.我真希望知道他的地址I wishthat Iknew hisaddress.与将来的愿望相反即愿望难以实现用过去将来时，I wishI couldbe ofmore usein the.我希望我将来有点用处future⑵表示与过去没有实现的愿望用过去完成时主语+从句主语+过去完成时wish+他要是不犯那个大错误，该有多好！I wishedhe hadnt madethe bigmistake.

32.Peter wishesthat helaw insteadof literaturewhen hewas incollege.C,2000A.could studyB.studied C.had studiedD.would study

53.I didnt goto theparty,but Ido wishI there.C,2001A.were B.would be C.had beenD.will be

三、以等suggest,propose,order,command,demand,require,request,insist,desire,advise,ask词后引导的宾语从句，从句结构为动词原形，可省略should+shouldThey requestedthat thestudents shouldlearn thesecond language.他们要求学生要学第二外语1The doctoradvised thatMr.Malan anoperation rightaway soas tosave hislife.A.had B.would haveC.have D.was goingtohave年C,

98、58His motherinsisted that he thecoat whengoing out.A,99年A.put onB.puts onC.to putD.putting on答案应改为等动词引导宾D.have,suggest,insist,order,demand,request,command,require语从句时，要用虚拟语气，谓语动词要可以省略+原形动词should

200251.We stronglysuggest thatSmith istold abouthis physicalcondition assoon aspossible.答案改为C,be told,2003/

1152.The doctoradvised herthat sheenough restbefore goingback towork.A.to getB.get C.gets D.gotB,0401

四、在某些主语从句中的虚拟语气引导的主语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用原形动词，可以省略1It is…that should+shouldsuggest,propose,order,require,desire,ask形容词引导的主语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用原形动词，可2It is++that should+should以省略，important,necessary,vital,desirable,preferable,advisable,urgent,esseneial,requestedordered.真奇怪，他怎么自己独自去呢？It isstrange thatheshouldgo himself年29Its desiredthat sheto teachus atleast twicea week.C,97A.comes B.will comeC.comeD.may come、43It isdesirable thathe.B,2000A.gives up trying B.give up trying C.would give uptryingD.is goingto giveuptrying45Its urgentthat ameeting beforethe finaldecision ismade.C,2003A.will be arranged B.must bearranged C.bearrangedD.would bearranged

24.It svital thatenough moneycollected toget theproject started.A.is B.beC.must beD.can beB,0411

五、在某些表语从句和同位语从句中的应用，形式动词原形，可省略表should+should语前及同位语前的名词that suggestion,proposal,motion,order,request,plan,idea,adviceMy suggestionis thatwe shouldsend a few peopleto helpthe othergroups.我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助其他小组同位语从句,

47.Her suggestionthat everybodywas notappreciated.A,2001A.sing asong B.sang asong C.sung asong D.singing asong

48.The generafscommand wasthat thesoldiers theirfort andcarry outmoreimportant tasks.表语从句，B,2002A.would leaveB.leave C.left D.have left

六、以引导的方式状语从句中as if,as though⑴表示对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式A.knows B.knew C.had knownD.wouldhaveknown、1He talksas ifhe everythingin theworld.答本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑，用过去时B.、2You aretalking asif youhad seenthem你谈的那么起劲，好像你真的见过似的（表示想象中的过去的动作）⑵表示对过去的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去分词

七、用在由（免得，以防万一）引导的目的状语从句，表示忧虑last,for fearthat,in case或担心形式动词原型，不能省略should+should

27.I wroteit downIshould forgetit.（）2002A.in caseB.in case of C.in orderthat D.for fear of答（连词）本句意思我写了下来，免得忘了又如A.in caseKeep thewindow closed把窗子关好,以防下雨（介词短语）假使、如果发生in caseit rains.in caseof Incaseoffire,ring如遇火警,即按铃（连词,引导目的状语从句）为了…the alarmbell.1norder thatIn orderthathe，为了不使他迟到，母亲在点种叫醒他should notbe latehis motherwoke himat

6.6for fearof（介词）生怕、以免她提早一小时离开以免误She leftan hourearly forfearofmissing hertrain.了火车

59.Written applicationsshould besent tous incase someproblems withthe electricversion.（）C,2002A.there willbe B.there isC.there beD.there was

八、（）+动词过去时，表示没发生的动作would ratherthat、，（）45Idyoudidnt touchthat ifyou dont mind.A,98[外语*教育网编辑整理A.rather B.better C.happier D.further]A.comeB.wouldcomeC.came D.havecome（C,）200246I amtoo busythese days.Iwouldrather allof younext monthfbr adinner.

九、…引导的定语从句中，动词用过去口寸，“早就该It ishigh timethat干•一”未发生43Its hightime wesomething tostop trafficaccident.C,96A.do B.will doC.did D.must do、2Dontyouthink itis timeyou smokingB,99A.giveupB.gave upC.would giveup D.should giveup

43.Let sfinish ourhomework inafewseconds,its timewe.A,0411A.played footballB.will play football C.playfootballD.are playingfootball。