英文实验报告

Qualitative determination of the elements of organiccompoundsParti Thepurposes1Learn theprinciples ofthe analysisof elements.1Master theinspection methodof commonelements.Part2The principles

2.1The inspectionof hydrogenand carbonBaOH+CO^BaCO UH2O223Observe thetest tubewall withor withoutwater drop.

2.2The inspectionof sulfur and nitrogen3NaCNS+FeCl^FeCNS sanguineous+3NaCl

332.

2.1The inspectionof nitrogenFeSO+6NaCN^Na4[FeCN6]+Na SO4423Na4[FeCN]+4FeC13^Fe[FeCN6]3iblue+12NaCl64222The inspectionof sulfur

2.

2.

2.1Na2s+2HAc-H2Sf+2NaAc；H S+PbAc2-*PbS+2HAc2S+Na FeCN5NO^Na4FeCNNOSclaret-colored

222.3The inspectionof halogen；NaX+AgNO-^AgX+NaNO3321+Cb-2Cr+bA purple color appearsin CCUlayer.I2+5Q2+6H2O-2IO3-+12H++10C「The purplecolor inCCI4layer fades.2BF+C12一2C「+Br2A browncolor appearsin CCUlayer.Part3The materialsand apparatussucrosesolution;copperII oxide;barium hydroxide;sodium;10%aceticacid;lead acetate test paper;sodium nitroprusside;10%sodium hydroxide;ironII sulfate;ironIII chloride;10%sulfuric acid;diluted hydrochloricacid;5%silver nitrate;diluted sulfuric acid;carbon tetrachloride;Saturated chlorinewater;Saturated chlorine water;

0.1%ammonium hydroxide;concentratedsulfuric acid;

0.5%sodium persulfate.Part4The procedures5phenomena andconclusionsProcedures PhenomenaConclusions EquationsThere isMix specimenand dryThere iswater droponhydrogen in thecopper IIoxide.test tubewallcompoundheating Inegas isThere isBariumhydroxide BaOH+CO^BaCO22bubbled intobarium carbonin thesolutionis cloudy.3I+H2Ohydroxide solution.compound.Heat a small amountof samplewith asmall pieceof sodium.Put thenin coldwater.Break thetesttube.Filter thesolution.Call thesolution sodiumsolution.Procedure PhenomenonConclusions EquationPut2mL ofsodiumNazS+2HAe—H2ST+2solution into the testNaActube.--------Add afew There is sulfurBlackpoints appear10%acetic acid---------inthe；on thetest paper.H S+PbAc^PbS+222Boil Put a pieceof leadcompound.acetatetestpaper into the HActesttube.Putasmall grain of NaS+Na FeCN5NO22sodium nitroprussideinto一There issulfurThe solutionisseveral drops of water.in thePourthe claret-colored.compoundsolution into1mLsodium solution.Na4FeCNNOSAdd severaldrops of10%sodium FeSO+6NaCN-^Na[F44hydroxide into2mL ofeCN6]+Na2so4the sodiumsolution.一一There isAdd asmallgrainofThere isblue3Na4[FeCN]+4FeClnitrogen inthe63ironII sulfate.sediment.compound.；-Fe[FeCN6]3+12NBoil for1minute.4Cool it.-------Add twoaCldropsof5%FeCh and10%H2SO

4.Add severaldrops ofTherearediluted hydrochloricacid3NaCNS+FeCb-FeCThe solutionis nitrogen andand adrop of5%FeCh NS3sanguineous sulfurininto1mL sodiumsanguineous+3NaClcompoundssolution.Put1mL ofsodiumsolution intoa testtube.-------------Add afew ThereisNaX+AgNCh—AgX[+5%nitric acid.BoiL Thereis sediment.halogen intheNaNO3Cool it.compound.Add severaldropsof5%AgNO.3Add afew dilutedI2+5CI2+6H2O-2IO3+sulfuricacidinto2mL ofThepurplecolorThereis12H++10C1-filtrate.----------Boil一fades.Brown brominein theCoolit.Add2Bf+C12-2Cr+Brsediment appears.compound.21mL CCUand adrop ofnewchlorinewater.Add afew dilutednitricacid into10mL offiltrate.----------Boil一Add enoughsilver一There isnitrate.-Filter TheThereiswhite NaCl+AgNCh-AgCchlorine inthesediment iswashed bysediment.+NaNO3compound.30mL ofwater.Boil itand20mL of

0.1%ammonium hydroxidefbr2minutes.-----------Filter-------Addafewnitric acid and silvernitrateintothefiltrate.Part5The resultAccordingtothephenomena,we canlearn thecompound containshydrogen,carbon,sulfur,nitrogen,chlorine andbromine.Part6Discussion

6.1Q:Whats themeaning ofthe qualitativedetermination ofthe elementsWhyuse thesodium-fusion methodto inspectnitrogen and sulfurA:It canidentify aparticular elementof organic compounds thatdeterminequalitatively theelements oforganiccompounds.It canhelp usto selecttheways andmethods toidentify elementsof unknownspecimen deeply,and thequalitativedeterminationoftheelementsis thepreparation ofquantitativeanalysis.Inspection ofnitrogenandsulfur withsodium orpotassium-fusionmethod makesthe nitrogenandsulfuroforganiccompounds intosolubleinorganic compounds,then separateand inspectCN\S2and soon.

6.2Q:How todeal withthe tinysodium thatsticks tothe filterpaper,when wecut thesodium onthe filterpaperA:The tinysodium thatsticks tothe filterpaper canbe dealtwith byethylalcohol,you mustnot castit intothe tank,disposal bottleanddustbin.

6.3Q:What gasemission islikely tobe whenwe identifythe halogen,ifspecimen containing sulfurand nitrogen,while,deal withthem bynitric acidandboiling Howto solvecorrectlyA:It isthe gas of hydrogen sulfide and formonitrile whenwe identifythehalogen,if specimencontainingsulfurandnitrogen,while,deal withthem bynitricacidandboiling.The acidicsolution mustbe boiledfbr severalminutes infumingcupboard toremove thegasofhydrogensulfideandformonitrile.。