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()21three more likely tosuffer fromshort sleep.()The findings might presenta22gloom outlook for thosealreadystruggling with sleep disturbances.However,Hamilton saidthat poorsleep or()depression should not beviewed as23evitable outcomesand that()the findings24underline theimportance ofsleep forgood mentalhealth.()“My advicewould beto25prior sleepand to avoid sleepprocrastination.Theres thiscommon sayingin geneticsthat genesload the gunand environmentpulls thetrigger.You mightbe genetically predisposed tothis,but youcan takesteps tomitigate(减少,缓解)the risk/5【参考答案与部分解析】
1.than(解析研究表明,固定搭配)
2.suggests research suggests
3.between4・which5・depressive
6.unresolved(解析此处表达意思为“基因的易感性”,所以要将该处的
7.susceptibility改为)suspect susceptibility
8.precedes
9.at(解析表示遗传的,此处用过去分词形
10.inherited beinherited inherit式)(解析:占比)
11.for accountfor
12.were tracked(解析表示很有可能做某事)
13.to developbe likely to do(解析表示持续四年的时间)
14.for forfour(解析前后表意不一致有转折,故用)
15.but but
16.participants
17.an(解析在…结束之时)at atthe endof
19.from(有抑郁症症状的人群,用表示复合结构)
20.With With(基数词+序数词,表示几分之几,这里表示三分之一,所以写成
21.third a third或者)one third
22.gloomy(不可避免的,变否定形式)
23.inevitable
24.•underlined(形容词动词化,把…置于第一优先权)
25.prioritise【总结•常用的句型与搭配•背诵!在健康类时文里面相同主题还是会出现的!】
1.Sleeping less than five hours a night(每晚睡眠不足五小时)
2.Raise the risk(增加风险)
3.Developing symptoms of depression(出现抑郁症状)
4.Research suggests(研究表明)
5.The linkbetween(在…之间的联系)
6.Poor sleep(糟糕的睡眠)
7.Mental illhealth(心理健康问题)
8.Tends to come first(更容易首先出现)
9.Precursor to(前兆)
10.Consistent short sleep(持续的短时间睡眠)
11.Genetic susceptibility to disease(遗传易感性)
12.Sleep likelyprecedes depressive symptoms(睡眠可能在抑郁症状之前出现)
13.Genetic and health data(遗传和健康数据)
14.English LongitudinalStudy ofAgeing(ELSA)(英国衰老纵向研究)
15.Both sleepduration and depression are partly inherited(睡眠时间和抑郁症都部分受遗传影响)
16.Proportion ofparticipants classedas havingdepressive symptoms(被归类为有抑郁症状的参与者的比例)
17.People sleepingfive hoursor less(每晚睡眠五小时或更少的人)
18.More likelyto developdepressive symptoms(更有可能出现抑郁症状)
19.Suffer fromshort sleep(患短时间睡眠)
20.Underlined theimportance of(强调了・・.的重要性)【原文链接】Sleeping less than five hours anight can raisedepression risk,study suggestsConsistentlyshort sleepduration morelikelytoprecedesymptoms thaninverse,genetic datarevealHannah DevlinScience CorrespondentSleepingless thanfive hoursa whichcomes firstis largelynightcould raisetheriskof unresolved.Using geneticdevelopingsymptomsofsusceptibilitytodisease wedepression,researchsuggests.determined thatsleep likelyprecedesdepressive symptoms,The linkbetween poorsleep andratherthan theinverse Jsaidmental illhealth iswell known,Odessa Hamilton,a PhDbutit hasbeen unclearwhichcandidate atUCL andfirstproblem tendstocomefirst.author of the research.Now scientistshave foundevidencethat consistentshort Theresearchers lookedatsleep atnightcanbe aprecursor geneticandhealthdata fromtodeveloping depressiveEnglish LongitudinalStudy ofsymptoms.Ageing(ELSA).Both sleepdurationanddepressionarepartly“We havethis chickenor egginherited.Earlier researchshowsscenario betweensuboptimal sleepthatdepression isaboutduration anddepression.They35%heritable,and thatgeneticfrequently co-occur,butdifferences accountfor40%of the7,146people recruitedby thevariancein sleepduration.were
2.5times morelikely todevelopdepressivesymptoms,When thestudys subjectswerewhile peoplewith depressivetrackedover time,researcherssymptoms wereathirdmore likelyfoundthat peoplewho weretosuffer fromshortsleep.geneticallypredisposedto shortsleeplessthanfive hoursa nightThefindingsmightpresent aweremorelikelyto developgloomyoutlookforthose alreadydepressivesymptoms overfour tostrugglingwithsleepdisturbances.12years,but thatpeople moreHowever,Hamilton saidthat poorgeneticallypredisposed tosleepor depressionshouldnotbedepression werenot morelikely toviewedas inevitableoutcomes andsufferfrom problemssleeping.that thefindings underlinedtheOverall,the participantsin theimportance ofsleep forgoodstudy hadan averageof sevenmental health.hours sleepanight.More than“My advicewould beto prioritise10%slept for lessthanfivehoursasleep andtoavoidsleepnight atthe startof thestudyprocrastination.Theres thisperiod,rising tomore than15%atcommon sayingin geneticsthatthe endofthestudy period,andgenes loadthegunandthe proportionof participantsenvironmentpulls thetrigger.Youclassed ashaving depressivemightbe geneticallypredisposedsymptoms increasedfrom aroundtothis,but youcan takesteps to9%to11%.mitigate therisk/9People sleepingfivehoursorless外到翻铎-铎文铎;埸欣研究表明,每晚睡眠不足五小时可能会UCL的博士候选人Odessa增加抑郁症症状的风险睡眠不足与心Hamilton表示“在不足的睡眠时长理健康问题之间的联系众所周知,但迄和抑郁之间存在着鸡生蛋还是蛋生鸡的今为止不清楚哪个问题更容易首先出现情况它们经常同时发生,但哪个先出现在科学家已经找到了证据表明,每晚现尚未得到明确解决通过使用对疾病保持短时间的睡眠可能是发展抑郁症状的遗传易感性,我们确定了睡眠可能在的前兆抑郁症状之前出现,而不是反之”研研究的第一作者、伦敦大学学院究人员分析了由英国衰老纵向研究(ELSA)招募的7,146名参与者的遗短时间睡眠的可能性增加了三分之一传和健康数据睡眠时间和抑郁症都部这一发现对于那些已经在与睡眠障碍作分受遗传影响早期研究显示,抑郁症斗争的人可能会带来沮丧的前景然的遗传因素占约35%,而遗传差异占睡而,Hamilton表示,糟糕的睡眠或抑郁眠时间差异的40%不应被视为不可避免的结果,这一发现o在研究期间,当跟踪研究对象的时间时,强调了良好的心理健康对睡眠的重要性研究人员发现,那些在遗传上易于每晚O她说“我的建议是将睡眠列为优先睡眠时间较短事项,避免拖延睡眠在遗传学中有一(少于五小时)的人更有可能在四到种常见的说法,即基因装填子弹,而环十二年内出现抑郁症状,但那些在遗传境扣动扳机你可能在遗传上易受此影上更容易患抑郁症的人则不太可能遇到响,但你可以采取措施来降低风险”睡眠问题总体而言,研究中的参与者每晚平均睡眠七小时超过10%的人在研究期初每晚睡眠不足五小时,而在研究期末这一比例增加到超过15%,同时,被归类为有抑郁症状的参与者的比例从约9%增加到11%每晚睡眠不足五小时的人发展抑郁症症状的可能性是没有这一时间段睡眠正常的人的
2.5倍,而有抑郁症症状的人患。
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