完整act英语语法点

PunctuationComma

1.He askedthe questionin a Ioud voice,but noone answered.（句子，连［可+句子）

2.They traveIon waterin thissimple butversatiIe boat.（在这个句子里，but连接一个句子里的两个成分，说到底还是在一个句子里，所以不用逗号）

3.Unfortunately,Wang couldntcome;and his absence madethings difficultfor us.（如果在前一个句子里有逗号了，这就要使用分号）

4.The I itt Iegirl I i kesto sing,to dance,and toact.（逗号分割几个相同的东西,相当于中文的顿号）

5.Dr.Li,the chai rman of the department,wi I I speakat themeet i ngo（在这个句子里，Dr.Li是句子的主语，the chai rmanof thedepartment是DrLi的补充说明的同位语，所以要用逗号把它割开方便读者区分）

6.Paolo,my Brazi I ian fr iend,was interested in music.（理由同上）

7.They aresurpr i sed tohear metaIk aboutmy Brazi Ii anfri endPao Io.（my Brazi I ian千r iend是小变饰Paolo的，相当于apple tree,teacher Mark,woman nurse等）

8.Many volcanoesseem to be compI eteI ydormant,that is,uni ikely to eruptsoon,（thatis是插入语，所以要使用逗号或破折号分开，that is,或者that is

9.Not a I Ivi ruses,however,stra i ghten themseIvesout（在这个句子里，主语是v i ruses,谓语动词是stra ightenHowever是用在一个句子中间的,所以前面用的是逗号.而下面的例子，前后是两句独立完整的话，由以下这些句子连词连接,所以前面用的是句号）（某事物在尺寸方面相同）triple digitshold sth in aloft（训练新兵之营地）frantically（做坏事的人）sth bea IIudeddo sth（被认为做某事是奢侈的）duplicate sth（正式服装）sth beequaI i n s i ze（对某事物松懈，不关心）boot camp（权利被侵犯了）eviI doer（首创某事）it wasconsidered extravagantto formaI attire（adv.大约）lax andindifferent towardsth ther ight（渴望某事）is violated（遗产）i ni ti atesth（合法的影院）some sixty years Iater（是对某事物的替代品）pine for sth（辨别出某事物）the Iegacy（非常先进的电影制片人）I egit imatetheatre asubstitute（有意地做某事）forsthdiscern sthavant——garde（感到焦躁不安）fi Immakermake ita pointto dosth（听起来相似一场激战）get fi dgetysound I ike ahassle be（使受到灾难）pIagued（三位数）（把某事物举在高处）（疯狂地）（某事物被暗示）（使加倍）patent sth（给某事物申请专利）sluggish（缓慢的）an emoti onaIwreck（一个感情的脆弱者）

10.We thoughtthe figureswere correcto However,we havenow di scoveredsome errors.Hence,Therefore,NevertheI ess,Moreover,He didntwork hard.Thus hewas fi red.Otherwi se,Besides,

11.These samecomputer usersare moreI ike I ytowait unti I these prob I emsget toobad tomanage.（unti I连接的分句在后，所以标点符号原则是

①主句连词引导一个分句

②遂词引导一个分句，主句）

12.It,s niceto knowthat Joe s Lunch Bucket.And itsneighbor lyambience arejust ashort waIkawayoA.No ChangeB Bucket,and CBucket andD Bucket;如果选择B,意思为很高兴知道那个叫做Joe sLunch Bucket的汉堡包店，而且它的亲邻氛围仅仅是一步之遥两个完整的句子之间用and连接.标点符号没错.但是意思不是很贴切.正确答案为C.It sniceto knowthat（Joe sLunch Bucketand itsneighbor Iyambience arejust ashort wa I kaway.）这样意思是很高兴知道（那个叫做JoesLunchBucket的汉堡包店和它的亲邻氛围仅仅是一步之遥）DashCo Ion

13.Father,Mother,John andSusana II weresurpr i sed bymy announcement.

14.Three causeshave beengiven for the fai Iure:poor pIanni ng,insufficient manpower,and theshortage ofmater iaI.（前面是一^完整地话，前总后分）G ramma r

1.指代要明确Remarkab I y,a person I earni ng Cherokee us i ng the syIIabary isabI eto readand write the I anguagei nan extremeI yshort period oft imecompared tothe timeit takessomeoneto masterthe EnglishIanguage.Its oseamong thenation sCherokee peoplespread quick.改为The syllabarys use（这是一个常考点，指代一定要明确）

2.分句里缺少主语时，它一定是和后面的主句共用一个主语彳列出口:After s I idi ng the shaft ofthe rep I acement feather over the sturdy,Iight bamboostick,gluejust a touchis appliedA.No changeB.a touchof glueisappI iedby therehabi IitatorC.The appIication ofa touchof gluefol lowsD.The rehabi Iitatior appIiesa touchof glueAfter引导一个分句，slide这个动词使用的是现在分词形式，说明这个分句的主语与slide是主动关系,After sI idingtheshaftoftherepIacementfeatheroverthesturdy,Iight bamboostick,在这个分句里，缺少一个主语，就暗指这个分句的主语和后面的主句里的主语是一致的，所以就要在ABCD四个选项中选择一个可以和slide形成主动关系的主语，A选项是glue胶水作主语，不能和slide滑行形成主动关系.B选项是a touchof glue作主语，不能和si ide滑行形成主动关系.C选项是The appli cation ofatouchof glue作主语，不能和sI ide滑行形成主动关系只用D选项是The rehabi I itatior修补羽毛的人作主语，能和si ide滑行形成主动关系请完成下题同时请大家思考你能分清主句和分句吗？

①In tackIi ngh is assi gnment,popular ballgame elementswere borrowed.A.No changeB.elements frompopuI arba II gameswere borrowed.Co Naismith borrowedelements frompopuI arba II gamesoD.Na ismith sborrowing ofeIements frompopuI arba II gameso

②Etched withthe namesof faI Iensoldi ers,visitors hadadorned thewall withflowers and Americanflags leftin remembrance.A.No ChangeB.adorning the waI Iwere flowersand Ameri canfIags thatvisitors hadIeftoCo fIowers andAmeri canfIags adornedthe walls,I eftby visitorsoDothewaII wasadorned withfIowersandAmer icanfIags thatvisitors hadleft3As II aycrying i nto mypillow,hear i ngthedoor tothe dormsuite openoA No change B I was heari ngC I hear Dhav i ng heard

3.简单明了Letters between the twosuggest thatSusan mightfrequent Iyhave givenfeedback onher work,including some of hermost famouspoems,composed ather homein Aehenst,Massachsetts

4.现在分词作补充说明1After Helga1s death,her ownch iI drenburned thehundreds of pages He I ga had wri ttenthrough the years,Ieaving onlya smaII scrapbookof newspapercI ippingsand veryfew detai Isof HelgasIi feor heriII-fated tri p.After Helgas death,her ownchi Idrenburnedthe hundredsofpagesHeIgahadwritten through the years,这是一个有分句，有主句的完整的复合句，后面的leave使用ing形式是补充说明前面一个完整复合句的动作所产生的结果，归为建为整个复合句作补充说明,所以要用逗号隔开）

（2）Newcomers toJoes marveIatthe stackof corned beef and sauerkraut spi!!ing fromthe breadonto my plate,（cornedbeefandsauerkraut是名词意思是牛肉末和酸菜，后面的spi II是动词意思是溢出，两者是主动关系，所以要用spilling,补充说明名词中帆茶和酸菜的状态是要溢出来了所以要紧紧跟在名词牛肉末和酸菜的后面.）请完成下题1Sarah called them“sea Ip speci aIi sts“and hairand beauty“cu Ituri sts“usingthese termsto emphasizethe professionalnature ofthe treatmentsoA.No change B culturists”;us i ngC“culturists”:us i ng DUcuItur ists,using

②She contributed theIargest donation tothe effortto saveFreder ickDouglass shome,maintaining,the buiIding asa historicalmuseum.A no change Bhome,maintaining Chome;maintaining Dhome maintaining,5o现在分词做状语（状语一般有哪些？）

①Being fullof surprise,Ihearher crying as sheruns to her room.A.No changeB Since Iwas surprised,C Beingsurpr i sed,D Muchtomysurpr ise,Being fu I Iofsurpr ise,这个分句和后面的主句共用一个主语I,作状语Being fuII ofsurprise,就等于Since IwasfuII ofsurpr ise,以此类目隹，Being surprised,就等于SinceIwassurprised,ABC都是一个意思（因为我感到惊讶，我听到她哭了）所以要选择D,让我惊讶的是，…2Cur iosityoverwhe I mi ngme and Iti ptoethroughthecommon roomtoher still-open door.A NochangeBme,andIC me,I Dme.ICur iosityoverwhelming me是一^个现在分词构成的分句，主语是Curiosity,动词overwhelm使用ing形式构成原因状语，改成完整的分句应该是Because curiosity overwhelmsme,I tiptoethroughthecommonroom toherstill一open door.所以要选择分句，主句3Pup iI sI earningh is newmethod andarch itectura Ivocabu Iary,van derRohe workedtireI essIy asan educator,with on Iy Iimited success.ANochangeBWhile pupi IsI earnC Toteach pupi IsD Pup i Isbe ing taughtAD都是分词形式，A,Pup iI sI earninghis new改为完整的句子是While pupiI sI earnth is new…D,PupiIsbeing taught改为完整的句子是wh iIepupils weretaught…B的动词时态不对，应该是过去时,ABD的意思是当学生们学习…时，这个人…意思不很贴切所以要选择C,为了教学生们学…4Born in Kansas in1897,Earhart brokewhat werethen theruIes forgirls right fromthe start.Born inKansas in1897,是分句，和后面的主句共用一个主语Earthart,这个人出生要用被动态，改为完整的句子就应该使When hewas borninKansasin1897,Earhart brokewhat…5Chosen becauseit wasthen theIargest inI and manufactur ingcity in thecity becauseitwas thentheIargest inIandmanufacturingcity inthecity这是个because引导的原因状语从句,前面的动词choose选择使用的是它的过去分词表达被动关系，又没主语，说明与后面的because引导的原因状语从句共用一个主语，就是it这个由一^个过去分词构成的主句改成完整的句子应该是It waschosen becauseit wasthen largest…6如何辨别定语从句Mies soughtto castoff whathe foundto beone ofthe mainprob Iems with contemporary architecture,acd overIy decorati veand ornamentaI structures with no”funct ionwere wastefuI uses of spaceand materia IoAnochangeB architecturethat Carchitecture,which Darchitecture:that如果你选择B或C,你就把这个句子当成定语从句来看待了，也就意味着你要定前面的名词architecture,如何辨别定语从句用的是否合适，检验办法是把architecture代入这个定语从句里看看是否句子意思清楚，Mies soughtto castoff whathe foundtobeone ofthe mainprobIemswithcontemporaryarchitecture,which overI ydecorative andornamentaIstructureswithno“function“were wastefuIuses ofspaceand materiaI.彳艮明显,在这个定语从句里,architecture overIydecorative andornamentaI structureswithnofunctionn werewastefuIusesofspaceand material意思是不清楚的，所以我们认为这里不能o使用定语从句请看以下的句子可否使用定语从句In orderto escapethe oppressiveNazi regime,van derRohe wholeft GermanyfortheUnited StatesI am anonIy chiId whohas neverbeen morethan30minutes awayfrom herparents.We attempted“canyoning,“which wasour mostexhilarating adventureyet!7if从句O

8.固定词组A daughterwas bornto formersaIves Minervaand0weno（固定词组be bornto出生于谁家）All the while,I slowlytaught myseIfmore Chinesewith aIanguageoAl Ithewhile,一^直，始终My projectteam hadaIready takena quickI iking to meTakeaIikingto sb/sth（开始喜欢・・・）I foughtoff fearand cobwebsin equalmeasure.fight off（努力摆脱某事物）inequa Imeasure（相同地）oi nactua Ii ty（事实上）more oftenthan not=as oftenas not=usua IIy（通常）compeI sbto dosth（迫使某人做某事）dissuade sbfrom doingsth（劝阻某人做某事）prevent sbfrom doingsth（劝阻某人做某事）stop sbfrom doingsth（劝阻某人做某事）I knowIammak ingacomp IetespectacIe ofmyseIfoMake aspectac Ieofonese If（出某人的洋相，draw attenti onto sb）His enthusiasmrubbed offon me（传染给某人，传递给某人）Why is itthat weare socomp IeteIyobsessed withthe hairon ourheadsBe obsessedwith sth（着迷于.）Be fedup with…（厌倦）Iook into sth=i nvesti gatesthmy passionfor backpackingtook holdmany yearsago.（take hold:to becomestronger anddifficult tostop）watch（hear）sb doingsth watch（hear）sb dosthas such（从字面意义看严格说来）The newjob isnot apromotion assuch,but ithas goodprospects.see ing as=sinee Acup ofteaI hardIy thinkso,seeing asImgoing outin abouttwomi nuteso单词（有时）Sometimes sometimes somet ime（有些次）somet imereiterate di gressi on（一^时间）apparent Iyvisibly preciousparagraphpreced ing sentencede（某时）Iete thefol lowingphrase（V.重申）devastat ing effectspersuas ive（n离题）oessay sarcastic commentiIIumi（看似，据说）nate enIighten preIimi nary（可以看得见地）tests simuI atecombat remai nbaffIedartist—in-residence（灾难性的影响）（劝说型文章）（讽刺性评论）（to makeaIightsh ine onsth）（explain sthto someone）（初级考试）（模拟战斗）（保持受挫的）（大学正式聘来辅导学生的艺术家）this wasa revelationtosb（对某人是个意外之事）。