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考点完形填空42完形填空之行文逻辑（核心考点精讲精练）考点行文逻辑42考点因果关系1考点同类关系2行文逻辑考点相对关系3考点转折关系4考情探究两年真题考点分布
1.7点题及、行文逻辑试卷类型完形填空考占■J/、、、2023•新高考全国I卷
55.but转折关系2023•新高考全国II卷
41.but转折关系22023年1月•浙江卷
43.and并列关系0完形填空22023年1月•浙江卷
49.Finally顺序关系32023年1月•浙江卷
51.and并列关系2023•全国甲卷
46.because因果关系2023•全国甲卷
49.50but so转折关系2023•全国乙
45.But转折关系命题规律及备考策略
2.【命题规律】年新高考卷对于完形填空中行文逻辑考查了次主要考查20239并列关系；转折关系；因果关系；让步关系；条件关系；解释关系；顺序关系等【备考策略】系统归类行文逻辑的方法；熟练掌握完形填空技能【命题预测】完形填空是高考英语中的必考题型，完形填空中的行文逻辑也必然会出现在年的高考中2024考点梳理【完形填空行文逻辑考点指南】规律方法完形填空技巧之行文逻辑【答案】A【解析考查形容词词义辨析句意满载的火车隆隆驶过，但空车嘎吱地响，砰砰作响，发出更多的噪音空1A.empty的；旧的；慢的；脏的根据上文以及空前的表示转折可知，此处表B.old C.slow D.dirty“The fullcars rumbledpast”but示空车驶过的声音下文“Thebetween thefull andempty carsmakes methink of the peoplein mylife.也是提示故选项此处和是反义关系A fullempty.【广东省普通高中高三上学期月联合质量测评】812To Williams,the solutionwas simple:Give kidsbooks.In2017,as partofa civicevent calledEngage Dan-ville,she donated900used childrensbooks overthree days.Most peoplewould besatisfied withthat.“I waslike,Anybody coulddo that,she said.“I wantedto dosomething thatsgoing tostretch myfaith,my workethic,myeverything.So sheraised the number considerablyby settinga newgoal for herself:Give awayone millionbooks.It soundslike anunreachablenumber.29she gotto work,first byroping infriends togive awaybooks ormoney tobuy books.
29.A.Consequently B.Still C.Otherwise D.However【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意然而，她开始行动，首先是通过拉拢朋友捐书或捐钱买书所以；A.Consequently川仍然；否则；然而根据上下文可知，虽然数目很大，但是她还是开始行动起来，因此此B.St COtherwise D.However处表示转折，应填故选However D.【广东省韶关市高三上学期综合测试
（一）］9My momand hersiblings convincedgrandma tostart24items to helpraise fundsfor grandpastreatment.
24.A.donating B.sending C.listing D.selling【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意我妈妈和她的兄弟姐妹们说服奶奶开始出售物品，为爷爷的治疗筹集资金A.donating捐赠；寄送；列表；出售根据可知，作者的妈妈和其兄弟B.sending C.listing D.selling“tohelpraise fundsfor grandpas姐妹说服奶奶出售物品，为爷爷的治疗筹集资金故选项此处和是同意关系D sellingitems raisefunds【江西省吉安市高三上学期期末】
10.Food and34could onlylast forten daysso theyonly atetwo mealsa dayanddistributed drinkingwater asplanned.
34.A.wine B.water C.fruits D.vegetables【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意食物和水只能维持天，所以他们每天只吃两顿饭，并按照计划分发饮用水10A.wine酒；水；水果；蔬菜根据常识，人类赖以生存的就是事物和水故选项此处和B.water C.fruits D.vegetables Bwater是同类关系food【江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期月阶段检测】
11.5The mostimportant partof thetechnique was to bringto lifethe vividdetailsof eachstage,while alsofocusing on the29that camewith it.We weretrained tostep intofear,doubt andlearned togo beyondthem,so thatby thetime wegot onto the court,we weregrounded,confident andready to play.考查名词词义辨析句意该技巧最
29.A.questions B.decisions C.feelings D.lessons
29.重要的部分是把生动的细节，每个阶段的生活，同时也关注与它随之而来的感觉问题；决定；A.questions B.decisions感觉；课程此处填与下一句中的和构成上下义关系故选C.feelings D.lessons feelingsfear doubtC.【江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期月阶段检测】125What Ilearnt mostfrom thistechnique wasthat winninggames wasimportantbut howwe appeartoplaywas evenmore vital.And33visualization was a powerfulway tosee throughto thegoal,therewere absolutely no shortcutsin thehard workof gettingthere.
33.A.unless B.as C.while D.if考查连接词词义辨析句意虽然想象是一种看到目标的强大方式，但在达成实现目标的艰苦工作中绝对没有捷径
33.除非;正如;虽然;如果逗号前面分句中的和逗号后面分句中的形成意义A.unless B.as C.while D.if powerfulabsolutelyn上的转折，故此处需要填入能表达转折意义的连词，意为“虽然，尽管、符合语境故选while C【江苏省淮安市高三下学期月模拟】
13.5When itcame timefor mysister andbrother andme toattend college,we werenever、told tolimit oursights toa stateschool orother lower-cost options.31our parentssent us to some of thebestand mostexpensive schoolsin thecountry.Neither ourfather norour motherever complainedabout thehigh tuition.
31.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.Instead D.However.考查副词词义辨析句意相反，我们的父母把我们送到了国内最好、最昂贵的学校否则；31A.Otherwise B.Besides此外；相反；然而作者他们不需要在公立学校或其他学费低的学校中做出选择，相反，父母送他C InsteadD.However们去了最好的学校故选C
14.【江苏省淮州中学高三年级最后一卷
（2）】Slowly itbegan toemerge andtake shape.The endpiece wasfar froma34example ofcarving skills,but it taught me a most valuable lesson-not togive up and tokeep myself-doubt incontrol.
34.A.bad B.disappointing C.perfect D.puzzling考查形容词词义辨析句意最后这件作品远非雕刻技艺的完美典范，但它教会了我最宝贵的一课——不要放弃，控
34.制住自己的自我怀疑坏的；令人失望的；完美的；令人困惑的根据下文A.bad B.disappointing C.perfect D.puzzling“but可知，本句与下文形成转折，自己的成品不是雕刻技艺完美的体现，但是给自己上了ittaughtme amostvaluablelesson”一课故选C.【江苏省如东高级中学、姜堰中学、沐阳高级中学高三下学期月份阶段性测试联考】154This incidentreminded methat thesearethe timesto havefun,and makememories,not stressabout theunimportant details.Looking back,the tenminutes Ispent fearingmyspeech werereally notworth it.54my firstperiod ofhigh schoolmay nothave gone exactly the way I thought it would,Mrs.Hutfilzs greatsense ofstyle certainlymade the day unforgettablein thebest way.
54.A.Until B.Since C.While D.If考查连词词义辨析句意虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不像我想象的那样，但哈菲兹夫人的时尚品味确实让那一
54.天难以忘怀直到；自从；虽然；如果根据后文A.Until B.Since C.While D.If“my firstperiod ofhigh schoolmay nothave可知，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然应用故选goneexactlythe wayIthoughtit would”while Coo.【江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期月】165Every dayhe trainedwith the team.He workedharder andran more than anyofthe others-perhaps hesensed that the abilitiesthat seemedto comenaturally toso manyothers didnot comenaturally to him.27theentire teamruns,only the top sevenrunners havethe potentialto score points for the school.We didnttell himhe probablywouldnever maketheteam,so hedidnt know.
27.A.When B.Despite C.Although D.If考查连词词义辨析句意虽然全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分当……的时候;
27.A.When尽管；虽然，尽管；如果由后文的B.Despite C.Although D.If“only thetop sevenrunners havethetoscorepointsfortheschool”可知，句子表示“尽管全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分”，空格处是“尽管，也可以表达转折，Despite但是是介词，这里引导的是句子，用连词故选C.【江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期月】175He continuedto runfour tofive milesa day,every day—30the dayhe had a103-degree fever.
30.A.though B.even C.ever D.even though考查连词词义辨析句意他继续每天跑到英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧华氏度的时候虽
30.45103A.though然；即使；曾经；虽然由后文的可知，他继续每天跑B.even C.ever D.even though“the dayhe had a103-degree fever”4到英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧华氏度的时候，故选5103B【江苏南通如皋中学高三月模拟】
18.527having fewer customers,Yao isbusier thanusual sinceit takeslonger to take body（指定的）temperatures,disinfect thepackages andconsult withcustomers aboutdesignated deliverytimes andlocations.
27.A.Despite B.Beyond C.Plus D.Except考查介词词义辨析句意尽管顾客变少了，但姚比平时更忙，因为测量体温、给包裹消毒、咨询顾客指定的送货时
27.间和地点要花更长的时间尽管；超出；外加；除外根据空后A.Despite B.Beyond C.Plus D.Except“having可矢口,前后句意存在让步关系，应fewercustomers,Yao isbusier thanusual sinceit takeslonger totake bodytemperatures”用介词故选Adespite o.【江苏省徐州市第七中学高三下学期月学情调研［、19426halfway down the street,she realizedthat her bestfriend,Simmons,wasn*t withthem.Norwood ranback andfound Simmonsunconscious in the backseat.
26.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Moreover D.However考查副词词义辨析句意然而，走到半路时，她意识到她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起另夕
26.A.Besides卜；因止匕；另外；然而由后文的可知，B.Therefore C.Moreover D.However“herbestfriend,Simmons,wasnt withthem”此处描述的事情和前面是转折关系，表示“然而，她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起、因此空格处是“然而”，故选D［内蒙古赤峰市高三上学期期末】（大流行病）
27.The COVID-19pandemic puta lotof celebrationson hold.During whatseemedlike anend to the pandemic,Dawn planneda birthdayparty21forherson JJat apark withplenty ofspace tosocial distance.
28.A.outdoors B.upstairs C.indeed D.somewhere【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意在疫情似乎已经结束的时候，道恩在一个公园为她的儿子计划了一个户外生日JJ派对，公园里有足够的空间供社交媒体使用在户外；楼上；的确；在某处A.outdoors B.upstairs C.indeed D.somewhere根据下文可知，上文说的是在户外，故选此处和是从属关系“at apark”A outdoorsat apark真题感知
1.（2023・新高考全国I卷•节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the54,theyve sincebecome friends.Neither won the race,but the55of humankindness won theday.（）
54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show（）
55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange根据第——段.及空前的
54.C.hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race.....the two young women werestrangers「可知，句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人工故选短途旅程；测试;beforethe..C ridetest meet体育比赛；节目尽管.，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友show Althougho根据第二段的
55.B“...let Lenoueclimb ontoher backand carriedher allthe way to thefinish line,then another300feet towhere可知,背着一个参赛者过终点线，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选Lenoue couldget...attention.”Bailey B秘密；展示；益处；交换可是利用转折关系解题,她们两个都没赢得比赛，但是人性secret displaybenefit exchangeBut善良的展现赢得了这天（•新高考全国卷•节选）
2.2023H（）In Aprillast year,I sawa poston thePNP PilotsN Pawswebsite froma familyin Topeka.They hadto moveto Virginiabut theywereon avery tight
41.（）
41.A.tum B.budget C.schedule D.connection根据空后”可知他们负担不起运送他们的狗的费用由此
41.B“They couldnot affordto payfor...for theirdog,Tiffy…Tiffy可推知，他们的经济预算很紧张转向；预算;时间表;联系故选项他们不得不搬到turn budgetschedule connectionB弗吉尼亚，但是他们的经济预算太紧张根据转折关系，可推知选项but（•新高考全国卷•节选）
3.2023IIGeorge,the husband,was tryingto becalm,but Icould tellthis was48for him,having toleave hisdog toa strangerand trustthateverything wouldwork out.（）
48.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky对于乔治来说，将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一切都会进展顺利是很难的艰难的；不错的;普通
48.A hardfine common的;幸运的故选项【解读】虽然丈夫乔治尽力保持冷静，但是对于乔治来说，将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一lucky A切都会进展顺利是很难的借助转折关系解题
4.（2023年1月•浙江卷・节选）The sunwas beginningto sinkas Iset offinto theHarenna Forest.I wason myway towitness aunique honeyharvest.Here,in（蜂箱）south-east Ethiopia,hand-carved beehivesare placedin the treetops.Reaching themto getthe honeyis difficult-and often
43.
43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless考查形容词词义辨析句意靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险紧急的；危险的；
43.A.urgent B.dangerous昂贵的；毫无意义的根据C.expensive D.pointless The adult bees wereand keptattacking asZiyad丁可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的故选项【提醒】此处是escaped fromthe treeB and并列关系，空处和的并列关系difficult（年月•浙江卷•节选）
5.2023149,Ziyad gotclose to the hivewhich wasaround20metres abovethe ground.
49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately考查副词词义辨析句意最终到达了蜂巢那儿距离地面大概有米高最终；令人
49.Ziyad20A.Finally B.Surprisingly意外地；自然地；立亥人根据上文C.Naturally D.Immediately“He stoppedevery fewminutes to move thehigherup thetree可知，身手矫健的借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置故选项trunk.”Ziyad A【提醒】此处是顺序关系，指一系列先后发生的动作
6.【2022・新高考I卷】Another time,we renteda boatin VallecitoLake.The skywas clearwhen weheaded off,but stormsmovein fast in the mountains,and thisone quickly28our peacefulmorning trip.
28.A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded考查动词词义辨析句意我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行
28.B安排；中断；完成；记录根据上文A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded“but stormsmove infast in the mountains,以及下文可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了故选【提and thisone quickly”“our peacefulmorning trips”B醒】转折关系为我们提供了做题的依据but【•全国甲卷】
7.2022When Ifirst datedSteve,I learnedhe had a dog,Molly,and acat,Flora.While I was thrilledthat he was ananimallover,I worriedthat threedogs wereperhaps toomany,and mydogs mightattack46,the cat.
46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫根据上文的
46.A Flora“he hadadog,（他有一条名叫的狗和一只名叫的猫）”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击Molly,and acar,Flora MollyFlora史蒂夫的猫故选【提醒】此处和是同位关系Flora A Flora the cat【.浙江省高考英语试卷】
8.2021Everyone wasso20and like-minded thatit wasvery21to feel at home.
20.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious
21.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉自信A.confident的；友好的；活力的；好奇的根据后文可推断,作者感觉大家都很友好B.friendly C.energetic D.curious“and like-minded”故选同类关系B【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉搞笑的；A.funny好的；幸运的；容易的根据和得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，B.good C.lucky D.easy“that like-minded”“feel at home”感觉到家的温暖很容易故选同类关系D
9.12020・浙江卷】My jobwastobuild astairway outof rock.This meantclimbing up and downthe sideof amountain inhabited（栖息、）by mountainlions,although Ishould saythey wereonly heard,never
2727.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过捕猎；训练；A.hunted B.trained看到；喂养根据前文可知，作者以前没有见过故选转折C.seen D.fed“although Ishould saythey wereonly heard”C关系10【.2020・山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国I卷）】A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had drivenaway a number of birds.25,the numberof snakeshad declined as well.
25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise考查副词词义辨析句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了此外，另外；但是;因此；
25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.否则根据可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少故选并列关系Otherwise as well A•天津卷】
11.[2020Jones gotthe ideaafter he had talkedwith anelderly ladywho hadbeen cheatedof hermoney.The ladywouldget acall froma strangerevery morningwho eventuallymade herbelieve that he washer friend,and thenshe lenthim about“£31,
000.Jones was21when shesaid thatshe didntactually mindbeing cheated.Otherwise,I wouldnever speakto anotherpersonfor weekson endJ shesaid.
21.A.ashamed B.shocked C.excited D.amused【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊羞愧的;A.ashamed B.震惊的；兴奋的；愉悦的按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气然而，shocked C.excited D.amused这位老妇人却说她不介意所以琼斯很震惊故选因果关系B【•江苏卷】
12.2020When Wilsonheated it,the container43,leaving Wilsonblinded inboth eyes.
43.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明爆发，喷出；A.erupted B.exploded爆炸；腾空，掏空；揭露，使暴露因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威C.emptied D.exposed尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明故选B（因果关系，爆炸是失明的原因）
13.【2020・江苏卷】（盲文）He learnedbraille quicklyand continuedhis education at WorcesterCollege forthe Blind.There,he not only didwell asa（）student but also becamea n47public speaker.
47.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家A.accomplished才华高的，有成就的;至关重要的,关键性的；特定的，具体的；无辜的，天真的前一句B.crucial C.specific D.innocent提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育结合该句中的…可以推知，他不仅是not only…but also个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家故选递进关系A•江书;卷［
14.12020Wilson receivedseveral internationalawards forhis greatcontributions.He losthis sightbut founda54Heproved thatits notwhat happensto usthat55our lives-its whatwe makeof whathappens.
54.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
55.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意他失明了，但找到了视野运气，财富；食谱，秘诀；梦，A.fortune B.recipe C.dream梦想；视野根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大D.vision贡献由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情故选（转折关系）D【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情区分，辨别；决定；宣称；限制结合第一段中的A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits“Success可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事fundamentally onour viewof ourselvesand of the inour lives”情的看法即并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活故选B（并列关系）
15.【2020•全国新课标n】It wasjust aftersunrise ona Junemorning.Nicolo/9whose realname cannotbe41to thepublic becauseof Italys privacylaws,finished workingthe wholenight ata factoryin Turin.
41.A.attached B.allocated C.exposed D.submitted【答案】c【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意完成了一整夜在一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不Nicolo Turin能暴露给公众参加；分配；暴露；上交根据下文的A.attached B.allocated C.exposed D.submitted becauseofItaly*s privacy可知此处用“暴露”符合语境，故选（因果关系）be exposedto Co【•全国】（哄）
16.2019II Hehad triedto coaxthe dog tohimbut,frightened,it had
44.
44.A.calmed downB.stood upC.rolled overD.run off【答案】D【解析】与前面的构成转折的意思，虽然想哄劝狗，到他身边，帮助它，但是由于害怕，它跑掉了故选but EhlersD（转折关系；因果关系）（•江苏）
17.2019Born atan internationalcrane foundation,Emma wasraised byhuman caretakers.This ledto anunexpectedconsequence,though shehadawonderful timethere.Emma hadnever takenherself asa craneand becomedeeply attachedtohumans.She refusedto livewith malecranes,and evenhadareputation forkilling someof them,which madeit impossiblefor herto become amother.、（灭绝）46the twozookeepers didntwant tosee theextinction ofthis preciousspecies.With their patience and（人繁殖）efforts,they successfullydeveloped acombination ofartificial breedingI andnatural reproduction.
46.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead【答案】C【解析】根据前文可知，拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至想要杀死它们，据此可以判断，这很难能让她成为母亲；根Emma据该句可知，这两位动物园员工不想看到这个珍稀物种绝迹，据此可知，空处前后文之间为转折关系，然而，表However示转折，故选（转折关系）C【•全国卷】、
18.2019HI The3,500residents cannotall enjoythe sunshineat thesame time.57the newlight feelslikemorethanenough forthe townssun-starved residents.
57.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析代替；然而；逐渐地；相似地前一句意思A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly为并不是名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属3500于转折关系，故选（转折关系）B完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局，明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括并列关系（连接词有等）；转折关系（连接词有and,while but,however,whereas,nevertheless等）；因果关系（连接词有等）;让步关系（连接词或短语有so,therefore,thus,because,for,since,as though,although,despite,等）;条件关系（连接词或短语有等）；解释关系（连接词或短语有in spiteof if,unless,once,provided that,in caseof i.e.,等）；顺序关系（连接词有等）that isto say,in otherwords before,after,and,first,second,then,next,finally一因果关系（节选）Id alwaysthought,while slicingup carrots,that the end lookedlike acap.25one day,just tosee whatshe woulddo,I gentlyplaced oneon topofthe groundhogs head.
25.A.While B.Or C.So D.For【答案】C【解析】因此，有一天，想看看“她”会怎么做，“我”就轻轻地放了一个在那只土拨鼠的头顶上前后两句为因果关系
二、同类关系（节选）0ntheother hand,teenagers losetheirpatiencecontinually whenparents blamethem for5the towelin thebathroom,not cleaningup theirroom orrefusing to do theshopping atthe supermarket.A.washing B.usingC.dropping D.replacing【答案】C【解析】文中和与选项中沅存在同类关系另一方面，青少年认为父母因为仅仅not cleaningup refusingtododwpp g是把浴室里的毛巾掉在地上、不清扫房间和拒绝去超市买东西，这些小事而责怪他们而不耐烦该空要根据连词和其or所连接的和判断“乱丢”和“不清扫”、“拒绝买东西”并列，故选“not cleaningup”“refusing”C
三、相对关系（节选）Although1would surecarry thepain of26with mealong,Ahmed remindedmeofthe abundant27intheworld.
26.A.loss B.failure C.fear D.regret
27.A.friendship B.devotion C.kindness D.justice【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用作者虽然还会因为丧夫而悲痛，但心灵得到了慰藉丧失；失败；A.loss B.failure恐惧；后悔故选C.fear D.regret A【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用修理工的举动让作者感觉到了人间的关爱友谊；奉A.friendship B.devotion献、专注；关爱、仁爱；正义、公正故选C.kindness D.justice C此处与存在相对关系
26.A.loss
27.C.kindness
四、转折关系（节选）He couldntread hisown handwriting.he wasa brightstudent.
30.A.so B.or C.for D.but【答案】D【解析】“我们”知道，但是不得不试试前后是转折的关系，故用故选but D【归纳总结】完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题见到but,however,wliile,并列关系转折/让though,although,even逻步关系though等，正确选项与句辑中关键词是相反意义的词关系利用since,because,so,for因果关系等，从已有信息中推断出正确选项空后内容对前面的内容进递进关系一步说明，会用到even见至!land,or,not only...butalso...等,正确选项与句中关键词是同义、近义或同一感情色彩的词典例引领【典例1】2023・新高考全国I卷•节选Although thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangers beforethe54,theyve sincebecome friends.Neither won the race,but the55ofhuman kindnesswontheday.
54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange根据第——段“….及空前的
54.C hundredsofrunnerscompetedin across-country race.....thetwoyoungwomenwere可知，句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，故选短途旅程;strangers beforethe...”C ridetest测试;meet体育比赛;show节目Although尽管・.・…，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友o根据第二段的
55.B.let Lenoueclimb ontoher backand carriedher allthewaytothefinish line,then another300feet towhere可知,背着一个参赛者过终点线，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良,故选Lenoue couldget...attention.”Bailey B秘密;展示；益处;交换可是利用转折关系解题，她们两个都没赢得比赛，但是人性善secret displaybenefit exchangeBut良的展现赢得了这天【典例21•新高考全国卷•节选2023IIIn Aprillast year,I sawa postonthePNP PilotsN Pawswebsite froma familyin Topeka.They hadtomoveto Virginiabut theywereonavery tight41（）
41.A.turn B.budget C.schedule D.connection根据空后”可知他们负担不起运送他们的狗的费用由此
41.B“They couldnot affordto payfor...for theirdog,Tiffy…Tiffy可推知，他们的经济预算很紧张转向；预算;时间表;联系故选项他们不得不搬到turn budgetschedule connectionB弗吉尼亚，但是他们的经济预算太紧张根据转折关系，可推知选项but【典例（•新高考全国卷•节选）3]2023IIGeorge,the husband,was tryingto becalm,but Icould tellthis was48for him,having toleave hisdogtoa strangerand trustthateverything wouldwork out.（）
48.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky对于乔治来说，将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一切都会进展顺利是很难的艰难的；不错的;普通
48.A hardfine common的;幸运的故选项【解读】虽然丈夫乔治尽力保持冷静，但是对于乔治来说，将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一lucky A切都会进展顺利是很难的借助转折关系解题【典例4]（2023年1月•浙江卷・节选）The sunwas beginningto sinkas Iset offinto theHarenna Forest.Iwason mywaytowitness aunique honeyharvest.Here,in（蜂箱）south-east Ethiopia,hand-carved beehivesare placedinthetreetops.Reaching themto getthe honeyis difficult-and often
43.
43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless考查形容词词义辨析句意靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险紧急的；危险的；
43.A.urgent B.dangerous昂贵的；毫无意义的根据C.expensive D.pointless“Theadultbeeswereand keptattacking asZiyad可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的故选项【提醒】此处是escaped fromthetree.”B and并列关系，空处和的并列关系difficult【典例（年月•浙江卷•节选）5]2023149,Ziyad gotclose tothe hivewhich wasaround20metres abovetheground.
49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately考查副词词义辨析句意最终到达了蜂巢那儿距离地面大概有米高最然令人
49.Ziyad20A.Finally B.Surprisingly意外地；自然地；立亥九根据上文C.Naturally D.Immediately“He stoppedevery fewminutes tomove thehigherup thetree可知，身手矫健的借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置故选项trunk.”Ziyad A【提醒】此处是顺序关系，指一系列先后发生的动作[典例（年月•浙江卷•节选）6]20231Suddenly,Ziyad letout asharp cry.Within seconds,hed51the trunkandwas back onthe ground.
51.A.cut offB.gone upC.slid downD.held onto考查动词短语辨析句意几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面切除；上升；
51.A.cutoff B.goneup滑下；抓牢根据前文和C.slid downD.held onto“Ziyad gotclose tothe hivewhich wasaround20metres abovetheground.后文可知，是从树顶滑下，回到地面故选项“was backontheground”Ziyad C【提醒】表示并列关系空处和后的是并列关系由此可推知答案and andbackontheground[典例（•全国甲卷•节选）7]2023But when we lookedatthetomatoes,we were46because theywere somisshapen:not atall like（标签）the nice,round,shiny thingsyou getin asupermarket.And thewine wascloudy,in afunny oldbottle withno labelon it.（）
46.A.worried B.moved C.thrilled D.bored根据后文可知,因为西红柿太畸形了，所以“我们”担心能不能吃担心的；
46.A...because theywere somisshapen.worried感动的;非常兴奋的；感到厌倦的故选Amoved thrilledbored【典例（•全国甲卷•节选）（标签）8]2023And thewine wascloudy,in afunny oldbottle withno labelon it.These cantbe anygood,we thought.But wewere49his kindness,so we50them.（）
49.A.sympathetic toB.thankful forC.cautious aboutD.interested in（）
50.A.tried B.sold C.re turnedD.mixed尽管东西看起来不好，因为是邻居带来的，所以“我们”应该表示感谢对表示同情;
49.B sympatheticto thankful对表示感谢;对谨慎;对感兴趣故选for cautiousabout interestedin B虽然西红柿是畸形的，酒也是浑浊的，但“我们”感激邻居的善意，所以还是尝试着享用了它们尝试；卖;
50.A trysell return归还;混合故选Amix【典彳列（•全国乙卷•节选）9]2023She hadto saygoodbye toher twodogs andtothebeach,where sheloved toride waveson（飞跃）,her board.But it was45totakethe leapho wever46itwouldbe.Even at14,Douglas knewthat.（）
45.A.common B.time C.fun D.tough（）
46.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning根据空前可知，虽然要和自己熟悉的一切说再见，但是时候迈出这一步了常见的；时间；有
45.B butcommon timefun趣的;艰难的故选项tough B根据前文可知,要和自己熟悉的一切说再见，这是很让人心碎的惊人
46.B GabbyDouglas breathtaking的;令人心碎的;引人注目的;令人头晕目眩的故选项heartbreaking eye-catching head-spinning B即时检测
1.（2021・全国甲卷•节选）（辣香肠）They hadasked himto
43.bring somepepperoni fromback east.So he44a suitcasefull ofpepperoni.
44.A.filled B.lockedC.abandoned D.lost【解析】本题可以利用逻辑关系解题表示因果关系，他们让他从东部带些辣香肠过来，所以他装了满满一箱So子辣香肠故选A（.新高考卷•节选）
2.2020I，A floodhad hitthe areaearlier thatyear andthe
24.damage itcaused haddriven awaya numberof birds.25the numberofsnakes had declinedaswell.
25.A.Besides B.HoweverC.Therefore D.Otherwise【解析】本题可以利用逻辑关系解题根据空前一句“鸟类飞走了”和空后一句“蛇的数量也减少了”可知，两句都是洪水的危害和都表示转折关系，表示因果关系，表示递进关系，故选【•however otherwisetherefore besidesA
3.2022新高考卷】I Anothertime,we renteda boatin VallecitoLake.The skywas clearwhenweheaded off,but stormsmove infast inthemountains,and thisone quickly28our peacefulmorning trip.
28.A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded考查动词词义辨析句意我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行
28.B安排；中断；完成；记录根据上文A.arranged B.inten*upted C.completed D.recorded“but stormsmove infastinthemountains,以及下文可推知此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了故选【提and thisone quickly”our peacefulmorning trips”I,B醒】转折关系为我们提供了做题的依据but•全国甲卷】
4.[2022When Ifirst datedSteve,I learnedhehada dog,Molly,and acat,Flora.While Iwas thrilledthathe was ananimallover,I worriedthat threedogs wereperhaps toomany,and mydogs mightattack46,thecat.
46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫根据上文的
46.AFlora“hehada（他有一条名叫的狗和一只名叫的猫）”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会dog,Molly,and acar,Flora MollyFlora攻击史蒂夫的猫故选【提醒】此处和是同位关系Flora AFlora thecat【•浙江省高考英语试卷】
5.2021Everyone wasso20and like-minded thatitwasvery21to feelathome.
20.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious
21.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉自信A.confident的；友好的；活力的;好奇的根据后文可推断，作者感觉大家都很友B.friendly C.energetic D.curious“and like-minded”好故选同类关系B【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析句意每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉搞笑的；A.funny好的；幸运的；容易的根据和得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，B.good C.lucky D.easy“that like-minded”“feelathome”感觉到家的温暖很容易故选同类关系D.山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国卷）】
22.2020I Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,thenumberof snakeshaddeclinedaswell.
25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise考查副词词义辨析句意:此外,蛇的数量也减少了此外，另外；但是;因此；
25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.否则根据可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少故选并列关系Otherwise aswell A好题冲关基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）微型完形填空L【届浙江省镇海中学高三月模拟】
1.20235My cousinis nineyears old,a littlebit fatand doesntdo reallywell atschool.She isheavily21and thushas developedsomeresistance and22towards adults,who usuallydont puthigh hopesin her.
21.A.abused B.adored C.challenged D.teased
22.A.satisfaction B.dependence C.distrust D.appreciation考查动词词义辨析句意她经常被嘲笑，因此对成年人产生了一些抵制和不信任，而成年人通常不会对她寄予厚
21.望虐待；崇拜；挑战;取笑根据上文A.abused B.adored C.challenged D.teased“My cousinis nineyears old,a littlebit fat.”可知她有点胖，因此被人取笑故选and doesntdo reallywell atschool D考查名词词义辨析句意同上满意；依赖；不信任；欣赏
22.A.satisfaction B.dependence C.distrust D.appreciation和上文的并列，所以应该是不信任，故选“resistance”C届浙江省义乌市高三下学期月适应性考试】23[20235Having a friend whenyou mostneed itnotonlygets youthrough the35一parts inyour lifeit alsogives youthe confidenceto be afriendto others.
35.A.unknown B.rough C.special D.busy考查形容词词义辨析句意在你最需要的时候拥有一个朋友，它不仅能帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻，还能让你有
35.信心成为别人的朋友未知的；艰难的；特别的；忙的根据本句主语A.unknown B.rough C.special D.busy“Having afriend”可知，朋友帮你度过生活中的艰难时刻故选B届浙江省金丽衢十二校高三下学期第二次联考】
3.12023It wasa dreamborn infire.“Throw the21down!^^said oneofthe firemen below.Andrea Petersonwas5when sheand hermother were22in aburning building,and littleAndrea jumpedinto lifesaving arms and a lifelong23:She wantedtofight fires like her24did.She toldthat tothe menwho hadsaved her,and they25good-naturedly theway grown-ups dowhen akidsays they want to be an astronaut26this wasback in a timewhen littlegirls werenteven allowedto dream about such grand goals.Youll bea good mom,^^the firementold her.Youll bea goodteacher,or anurse,_27you cannever bea fireman.”
21.A.patient B.boy C.clerk D.kid
22.A.trapped B.lost C.absorbed D.buried
23.A.career B・course C.ambition D.education
24.A.trainers B,rescuers C,parents D.agents
25.A.yelled B.opposed C.ignored D.laughed
26.A.because B,until C.before D.unless
27.A.or B.so C.but D.and【解析】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了安德莉亚・彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，小安德莉亚跳入救火者的怀抱，这是她毕生的抱负她想要像她的救援人员那样救火然后，生活让她的梦想黯然失色直到岁的61时候，她经过自己的努力，最终实现了童年的梦想考查名词词义辨析句意“把那孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说患者；男孩；职员；
36.A.patient B.boy C.clerk孩子根据下文D.kid“Andrea Petersonwas5when sheand hermother were2inaburning building,and littleAndrea jumpedinto可lifesavingarmsandalifelong3:She wantedto fightfires likeher4did.“知，当时安德里亚・彼得森是个5岁的小女孩故选D
37.考查动词词义辨析句意安德莉亚・彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，小安德莉亚跳入救火者的怀抱，这是她毕生的抱负她想要像她的救援人员那样救火困住；丢失；吸收；A.tnipped B.lost C.absorbed D.buried埋根据下文可知，此处指被困在一幢着火的大楼里故选“inaburning building”A
38.考查名词词义辨析句意安德莉亚・彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，小安德莉亚跳入救火者的怀抱，这是她毕生的抱负她想要像她的救援人员那样救火职业；课程；抱负；A.career B.course C.ambition教育根据下文可知,此处指她的抱负故选D.education“She wantedto flhtfires likeher4did.”C
39.考查名词词义辨析句意安德莉亚・彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，小安德莉亚跳入救火者的怀抱，这是她毕生的抱负她想要像她的救援人员那样救火培训师；救援人员；父A.trainers B.rescuers C.parents母代理人根据上文及可知，此处指;D.agents“and littleAndrea jumpedinto lifesavingarms”She wantedto fightfireslike”像救她的救援人员一样救火故选B考查动词词义辨析句意她把这句话告诉了那些救过她的人，他们像成年人一样善意地笑着，当一个孩子说他们
40.想成为一名宇航员时，因为这是在一个小女孩甚至不被允许梦想这样宏伟目标的时代大叫；反对；A.yelled B.opposed忽略；笑根据下文C.ignored D.laughed“good-naturedly theway grown-ups dowhen akid saystheywanttobeanastronaut及可知，那“You11bea goodmom,“thefirementold her.Youll bea goodteacher,or anurse.7you cannever bea freman.”些救她的人认为这是一个无法实现的梦想，所以他们善意地笑了起来故选D考查连词词义辨析句意她把这句话告诉了那些救过她的人，他们像成年人一样善意地笑着，当一个孩子说他们
41.想成为一名宇航员时，因为这是在一个小女孩甚至不被允许梦想这样宏伟目标的时代因为；A.because B.until直到；在之前；除非根据下文C.before D.unless“this wasback ina timewhen littlegirls werenteven allowedto可知，此处指她的梦想无法实现的原因，应用引导原因状语从句故选dreamaboutsuchgrandgoals.”because A考查连词词义辨析句意你会成为一名好老师，或者一名护士，但你永远不会成为一名消防员或；
42.A.orB.so因此；C.but但是;D.and和根据上文“You，H beagoodteacher,or anurse及下文you cannever bea fireman.可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用故选but C届浙江省高中联盟年高三月高考考前模拟】
4.[2023915As itoften happened,reality27her dream.She wassent toaflight school,28she mether husband,Dennis,who waslater diagnosedwith cancer.Peterson spent31years29him.In2007,whenDennis was coming totheend of his struggle,hewasat peace30worried forPeterson:But whatare yougoing todo”
27.A.failed B.achieved C.followed D.realized
28.A.what B.where C.when D.why
29.A.coping withB.relying onC.caring forD.facing to
30.A.therefore B.still C.otherwise D.yetIll befine,“she toldhim..考查动词词义辨析句意正如经常发生的那样，现实辜负了她的梦想失败;完成;43A.failed B.achieved Cfollowed跟随；意识到根据下文D.realized“She wassent toa flightschool,she mether husband,Dennis,who waslater diagnosedwithcancer.Peterson spent31years him.In2007,when Denniswascomingtotheendofhisstruggle,hewasat peaceworried forPeterson:“But whatare yougoing todo””可知，现实辜负了她的梦想故选A考查连词词义辨析句意她被送往一所飞行学校，在那里她遇到了丈夫丹尼斯，后者后来被诊断出患有癌症
44.什么；哪里；何时；为何根据上文可知，这里指在这所学校，她遇到了A.what B.where C.when D.why“a flightschool”丈夫丹尼斯是定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词引导故she mether husbanda flightschool where选B考查动词短语辨析句意彼得森花了年时间照顾他应付；依赖；照顾；
45.31A.coping withB.relying onC.caring for面对根据上文可知，丈夫得了癌症，所以她应该是照顾他故D.facing to“Dennis,who waslater diagnosedwith cancer.”选C考查副词词义辨析句意年，当丹尼斯的斗争即将结束时，他平静下来，但又为彼得森担心“但你打算怎
46.2007么办？因此；仍然；否则；然而根据上下文意思可知，上下文是转折关系故选A.therefore B.still C.otherwise D.yetD届浙江省精诚联盟三模】
5.[2023As timepassed andI grewolder andbigger,the donutshop becamea specialplace forus tocelebrate my various wins.Even ifI didntwin orplace,Dad would45take methere.46I grewupandleft Dadshome.On myweddingday,Dad handedmeasmall giftbox.In itwasasmall chocolate-covered donut.My heartwas47melting quickerthan thechocolate frosting would have inan oven.
45.A.even B.still C.also D.almost
46.A.Occasionally B.Eventually C.Fundamentally D.Casually
47.A.touched B.broken C.tightened D.frozen考查副词词义辨析句意即使我没有赢得比赛，爸爸也会带我去那里甚至；仍然；也；
45.A.even B.still C.also D.almost几乎根据“As timepassed andI grewolder andbigger,the donutshop becamea specialplace forustocelebratemyvariouswins.”可知，作者赢得比赛，父亲会带作者去甜甜圈店，即使作者没有赢得比赛，父亲也会带作者去故选B考查副词词义辨析句意最后，我长大了，离开了爸爸的家偶尔地；最终；
46.A.Occasionally B.Eventually C.从根本上；基本地；偶然地；随便地根据.”可知，作者长大了，Fundamentally D.Casually“I grewupandleft Dadshome最终离开了父亲的家故选B考查形容词词义辨析句意我的心被感动了，融化的速度比巧克力糖霜在烤箱里融化的速度还要快感动
47.4touched的；破碎的；拉紧的；冰冻的根据B.broken C.tightened D.frozen“melting quickerthan thechocolatefrostingwouldhavein『可知，婚礼当天，我被父亲的甜甜圈巧克力所感动故选an ovenA.【广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三上学期综合测试
（一）】6Interestingly,27other characteristicsthat youmight consideradvantageshad noimpact onwhether studyparticipants werelikely to live longer.Those whowere moreself-disciplined,forinstance,were nomore likelytolivetobevery old.Also,being opento newideas hadno relationshipto longlife,which mightexplainall thosebad-tempered oldpeople whoare fixedin theirways.
27.A.therefore B.however C.furthermore D.otherwise【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意然而，有趣的是，其他你可能认为是优势的特征对研究参与者是否可能更长寿没有影响因此；然而;此外;否则根据前后文可知此处表转折，应用A.therefore B.however C.furthermore D.otherwise however故选B.【广东省高州市高三上学期第二次模拟】（隆隆响）（嘎吱地响）7The fullcars rumbledpast,but the22ones,rattled andbangedalong,making morenoise.
22.A.empty B.old C.slow D.dirty。
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