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Unit SixLObjective令To learnhow to organize anargumentative pieceof writing and developideas;令To listento and read somematerials aboutreading soas tolearn someuseful wordsandexpressions related.IL TeachingEmphasis:
1.The comprehension and appreciationof Text I;
2.New wordsand expressions:shelter,end up with,engross,browsing,retire,indulgent,beckon,tell off,tuck,discreet,poverty-stricken,a nosefor,persevere,flickIIL TeachingProcedures:7hoursLead-in
1.Movie Clip
2.Quotes
1.Movie ClipWatchthe movie clip and answer the following questions.
1.What areso manygirls queuingup forThey are queuingto get into thebrand salefor bargains.
2.Why did the girlstruggle whenshe foundthe Pucci bootsBecause sheknew shedidnt needit,but she couldnt resistthe temptationof itslow price.Discussion:Some peoplehave the same shoppingexperience asthe girlin themovieclip.What suggestionswill yougivethem to get ridof theirimpulsive buyingbehaviour This is anopen question.ScriptThey haveGucci half off,Calvin Kleinhalfoff!Youll get your turn,just bepatient.-At everypoint Iwill ask,“Do I need this”-Theres anotherentrance this way!-Well,these cashmeregloves Ineed asit iswinter and I have...hands.So thafsall.Til buythese and thesealone.-Now walkaway,strong andfrugal.Oh,my God!Pucci boots.Fifty-percent offDo Ineed these Do IneedtheseDoIneedthese No.-Jeannie,Pucciboots!-Uh,oh,Fm sosorry.I hadem first.-But youput themdown.-No,I knowI did,but Isaw emfirst,so Imgonna takeem.-Then you took your hands off them.20apart from:except fore.g.Apart from a fewwords,he knowsnothing aboutChinese.Apart from the littleinfection he had caughtin hishometown,his healthwas sound.21indulgent:a.willing to allow someone,especially a child,to door have whatever theywant,even ifthisis notgood for theme.g.We allthink heis tooindulgent with his children.Mr.Green isindulgent ofothers shortcomings.22obtain:v.get or achieve whatone wants,especially throughhis owneffort,skill,or worke.g.Youwill need to obtainpermission from the principal.The perfectbody has always beendifficult toobtain.23dismayed:a.worried,disappointed,and upsetwhen somethingunpleasant happense.g.They weredismayed that the demonstrationhad beenallowed to take place.He wasastonished,but byno meansdismayed.24beckon:v.make asignal tosomeone withyourhand,to showthat you want themto come towardsyou or to followyoue.g.She beckonedto himand he went into her office.I couldsee myhusband beckoningme.25tuck:v.put something into asmall space,especially inorder to protect,hide,carry,or holdit e.g.Hetook theglasses offand tuckedthem in his pocket.Tuck abag ofraisins in your purseor bagfor aneasy snack.26tempt:v.attract andmake sb.want something,even thoughit may be wrongor harmfule.g.Nothing cantempt meto dosuch athing.I shouldnthave letyou temptme intotalking of the olddays.27delighted:a.very pleasedand happye.g.I amvery delightedto hearthe newsof yoursuccess.He lookedat thehonest parents,with theirdelighted childrenlaughing andclapping theirhands.Notes1・You mayeven haveentered the shop just to findshelter from a suddenshower.you might end up with a rather dull book....you maywant to find outwhere a particular sectionis...May is used to express possibilitye.g.They may be sittingin apublic house.But they may beon theirway to the theatre.They maynever haveintended toturn up at the party.They mightnot have,but theysounded sokeen.They maynot come.They mightnot come,but I think theywill.End upwith or in somethinggetsomething orget intosome stateeven thoughone did not originallyintend toget/get intoit e.g.Hemeant topaint aportrait forher,but heended upwith only a sketch.Dont loafaway yourtime,or youllend upin failure.
2.Whatever the reason^you cansoon become totally unaware of yoursurroundings.Whatever—It doesntmatter whator no matter what;I dontcare whatWhatever thereason-Whatever thereason itmay bee.g.Do what you thinkis right,whatever theymay say.Whatever thetime,I amtoo wideawake to go to bed yet.3・...must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment...Book-sellers must be bothlong-suffering and indulgent.1Must in the abovesentences expressesobligation.e.g.These ticketsare usedones.You mustpay thefull fare.If you dont paythe fine,I mustwrite downyour nameand address.2Must canalso beused toexpress logicalprobability.e.g.People whotravel firstclass every day must be comfortablyoff.He isboth competentand well-read.He must be admiredby hisstudents.3The past form ofmust in this meaning is must have+-ed participle.e.g.The groundis wet.It must have rainedlast night.She musthave workedvery hard.Now sheis one of thetop studentsin ourclass.4The negativeform ofmust in this meaningis expressedby canZ.e.g.She must be mistaken.That cantbe true.He mustbe herbrother.He canft bethe onlychild.5The negativeform ofmusthave+-ed participleis expressedby canthave+-ed participle.e.g.She canft havelost herway becauseshe has a map.I can7have sentthe letterto the wrong address.I rememberwriting thecorrect address.An appointmentis anarrangement for a meetingat anagreed time and/or place.You maymake an与人约会,守约,失约.appointment keepan appointmentor breakan appointmentlong-suffering:有耐心宽容patient inspite ofdifficulty indulgent:treating people with specialkindness
4.and mustdashoff tokeep someforgotten appointment......and leftthe delightedstudent tocontinue hisreading.Through commonusage,some-ing and-ed participleshave cometo beused asregular adjectives.They have all thecharacteristics of adjectives,thus they can beused attributivelyor predicatively;theycan bemodified byadverbs likevery,too,quite;their comparativeis formed by addingmore and theirsuperlative byadding most.e.g.He toldus avery amusingstory.Henry is the mostpromising studentin ourclass.He is too tiredto fallasleep easily.Forest firesare usuallycaused bysome brokenglass andcigarette ends.
5.escape the realities of everyday lifegetaway fromwhat happensevery day,both pleasantand unpleasant experiencesEscape,whose basicmeaningisget free,\keep freefirom，maybeused invarious contexts.e.g.Lefs go to aquiet comerto escapethe crowd.The canaryhas escapedfrom itscage.Jacks telephonenumber escapesme fbrthe momenti.e.,I cantrecall it.
6.You needn7buy anythingyou dontwant.1neednt=dont haveto,dont need to.Needn ftexpresses absenceof obligation.e.g.You needntdo thewhole exercisenow.You canfinish itat home.She needn ft write to himbecause he has alreadyheard thenews.2The pastform ofneednt isdidnt needto.e.g.There wereplenty ofempty seatson thebus soI didnft needto stand all theway.Since shehelped with the heavybag,I didntneedtotake ataxi.3The alternativepastformof didntneedto=neednft have+-ed participle.It is used when anaction hasbeen unnecessarilydone.e.g.You neednthave donethe washing-up alone.I wouldhave helpedyou gladlyif youhad askedmeto.They neednfthavewaited forus in the rain.
7.In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing.Apart fromrunning upa hugeaccount,you canwaste a great deal of time...The wordsand phrasesin italicsare-ing participlesused asnouns ornoun phraseswith which you arefamiliar.Here is a summary of theprincipal usesof the-ing participlesused asnouns and noun modifiers.1As the subject of a sentencee.g.Her singingdelighted theaudience.Smoking is not allowedin the reading-room.2As thecomplement of a sentencee.g.The onlything thatinterests me is singing.His jobat thattime wasselling newspapers.3As theobject ofa verbe.g.I rememberseeing himsomewhere.Have youfinished browsing4As theobject ofa prepositione.g.He dashedoff tokeep someforgotten appointmentwithout buyinga book.A book-seller shouldlook asif heis not interested in selling a single book.5As anoun modifiere.g.The oldman with a walking-stick ismy uncle.He startedoff thenext morningwith atravelling-bag inone handandapencil-thin rolledblackumbrella in the other.Note thedifference inmeaning betweenthe participleused asa modifierand the verbal noun in-ingused asa modifier:-ing participleasleeping child=achildwho issleepingverbal noun in-inga reading-room=a roomfor readingThere is ahyphen betweentheverbalnounin-ingand the nounit modifies.The verbalnounin-ing isgenerallymodified bya possessiveadjective.e.g.Do youmind myopening thewindowIt isno useyour tellingme not to worryabout Peter.
8.You haveto be careful not to be attracted byThenegative ofa to-infinitive is formedbyplacing not before theinfinitive signto.e.g.I amsorry notto havesaid good-bye toCathy whenshe leftShanghai.Try notto readin dimlight.
9.looking for a book on,say^ancient coinsSayis hereused tosuggest anexample.The phrasecan bereworded aslooking for a bookon,forexample,ancient coins.”e.g.Show mea pictureof,say.the NiagaraFalls.Shall Icometogetyouat,say.two oclock
10.Expecting to be toldoffExpecting to be scoldedTellsomebody@means speakto somebodyangrily because hehasdone somethingwrong.^^e.g.耳Sarah toldher sono farplaying truant.
5.Comments on the TextThis is a short,simple andstraightforward pieceof persuasivewriting.Some of the writingtechniquesare worthstudying.
1.The styleis informaland itsuggests everydaytalk.1Generic youisuseda great deal toshow theinformal tone.2Some of the contractedforms ofspeech are used.Examples:You needntbuy anythingyou dontwant.He couldntobtain itfrom the library...3The firstperson pronounisused toexpressthe writerspersonal opinionand to make hissubjectiveassertions.Example:This opportunity to escapethe realitiesof everydaylife is,I think,the main attractionof a bookshop.There arenot manyplaces where it ispossible to do this.4Some looselystructured sentencesareused.Example:It is very easyto enterthe shop looking for a bookon,say,ancient coinsand tocomeout carrying a copy of thelatest best-selling noveland perhapsa bookaboutbrass-rubbing-something which had onlyvaguely interestedyou up till then.
2.Sentence lengthis varied-short and simple sentencesof tenwords orless eachare setagainstfairly long and complicatedconstructions.Examples:Paragraph3is agood illustrationof this.一一Sentence
1.short andsimple instructure
4.very short andsimple一一
2.longandcomplex
5.of mediumlength andcomplex
3.—fairly longand complexWhat is noteworthyinthisparagraph as well asin thewhole textis thatwhen the writer wishes tomake an important point,he usesashortsentence andwhen heis illustratingor explainingthesepoints heemploys longerand morecomplicated sentences.
3.A subjectivepoint of view is adopted.The passageis writtenfrom thepoint ofview of thebook-lover whohasalimited pursewith unlimitedinterests rather than the bookseller who,ofcourse,wishes to sell asmany booksin asshorta time as possible.Examples:If it is agood shop,no assistantwill approachyou with the inevitable greeting......the assistant should retirediscreetly...Book-sellers mustbe bothlong-suffering andindulgent.He vividlyillustrates hisidea ofa perfectbook-seller in the amusinganecdote whichends withthe book-sellers remark“I putit therein caseanyone wastempted to buy it.”
4.The subjectis directlyestablished at the beginningof the passage todraw thereader intotheessay.一The firstsentence immediatelyestablishes thetheme whytime spentin a bookshop can bemost enjoyableThen the writer elaborateson thisby:1describing howeasy it is to become absorbedin evenan unplannedvisit to a bookshop.Para.12giving reasonsfor such absorption andsuggesting howthe assistantsshould behave.Para.23warning against the dangersof buyingon impulse-that is,an unplannedpurchase ofsomething that hasjust happened to catchyour eye.Para.34telling ananecdote whichillustrates howa perfectbook-seller should behave.The paragraphsfollowon logicallyand cohesivelyfrom beginningto end.
6.ExercisesAnswer the following questions.
1.What is the impliedmeaning of“If it is agood shop,no assistantwill approachyou with the inevitablegreeting:Can Ihelp you,sirIn English-speaking countries,whenamale customerwalks into a shop,an assistantoften greetshim bysaying“Can Ihelp you,sir”Thisisconsidered a polite wayof servingthe customerand the assistant isrequired to doso.However,if a person goesinto a bookshop andwishesto browse through the booksbeforebuying any,he does not want to be bothered by the assistantsgreeting.In agood bookshop,theassistant willthus notgreet the customer asis usuallythe case.
2.What doesthe sentence...when hehas ledyou there,the assistant should retirediscreetly andlook asifhe is not interested insellinga single book“suggest to youAfter the assistant hasanswered the customers questions,he shouldgo awayquickly,appearing notto carewhetherhe willsell asinglebook or not.The writeris tryingto tellus that theassistantin the bookshopshould let thecustomerbrowse throughthe books to hishearts contentwithout disturbinghim in theslightest.
3.How do you understandthe sentence“Then,and onlythen,are hisservices necessary”？Only when you have finished browsingand havedecided whichbook orbooksto buy areyou inneed ofhisservices.
4.What doesthe wordthis referto in the sentenceThere isa storywhich wellillustrates this”Thisrefers to the statement“Book-sellers mustbe bothlong-suffering andindulgent.^^
5.Why wasthe medicalstudent surprisedHehad notexpected to be treatedwith suchkindness.
6.Does theword illustratemean the same thingin“There isa storywhich wellillustrates this”and Thisvolume on thesubject,however,happened to be sowell illustrated...”？No.The firstsentence means“There isa storywhich showsfully what I mean.The secondsentencemeans Itso happenedthat thevolumeon thesubjecthad a lot ofpictures.”
7.What,according to thewriter,must the owner ofa bookshopdo andbe likeThe owner ofa bookshopmust ensurethat hiscustomers will be able to spenda mostenjoyable time in hisshop.Every customer,whether a book-lover orapersonwho happenstotakeshelter from a suddenshower,shouldbewelcome to his shop.He mustsee toit that the assistantsletthecustomer wander round thebookshop tohishearts contentwithout beingdisturbed.The ownerortheassistantshouldlead thecustomerwherever hewants to go andallow him tobrowsefor aslong as he pleases.Theownermust bebothkind andpatient.Explain the following in your ownwords.
1.The desireto pickupa book with an attractive dust-jacket isirresistible,although thismethod ofselection ought notto befollowed,...Your wishto reachfor abook witha lovelycover isso strongand powerfulthat you are incapableofresisting it,although thismethod ofselecting abook is not recommended...
2.You soon become engrossed in somebookorother,...You aresoon absorbedin abook.../Soon yougive allyour attentionto abook andforget everything else...
3.You canwander roundsuch placesto yourhearts content.You canmove aboutfrom one place to another until you arecompletely satisfied./You canmove aboutina shoplike thisfor aslong as you want.
4.In a bookshop anassistantshould remain in the backgrounduntilyou havefinishedbrowsing.Anassistant shouldremain relativelyinconspicuous untilyou havefinished lookingatthe books/reading.
5....something whichhad onlyvaguely interestedyou uptill then....somethinginwhich youhad previouslyonly hada slightinterest.
6.Apart fromrunning upa hugeaccount,you can......In additionto gettinglarge billsfor the books,you can...
7....he wasdismayed to find thebook missing from its usual place and was about to leave when henoticed the owner of the shopbeckoning to him....he was very disappointed to find that thebook wasnotin the placewhereitwas usuallyput andwas onthepoint ofleaving;just thenhe saw the owner of the shop signallingto him.
8.Expecting to be toldoff,he wenttowards him.Thinking that he would be scolded/rebuked,he wentup tohim.Text IIOnlineShoppingThe ever-increasing influenceof the internet onour everydaylives canbe seenin virtuallyeverythingwe do.Perhaps thatinfluence isnowhere morepalpable than inthearea ofe-commerce.People canpurchasetheir insurancepolicies online,they canset upbank accounts,apply forcredit cardsand loansandbook hotels,holidays,car hireand flights.They canalso purchasemore orless anyitem theymight wishtobuy.Online shoppinghas become a regularfeature ofmany peopleslives andit undoubtedlybrings withitcertain advantages that arenot available to thepersonal shopper.However,as withmost things,there arealsocertain disadvantages.We lookat someof thosebenefits andmeasure them againstthedisadvantagesin thehope thatpeople will find someassistance indeciding whetheronline shoppingisfor them ornot.Without question,the greatestbenefit of online shoppingis that the shopperis notrequiredtoleavethe comfortof hisown armchairor officedesk.Time,transport costs,parking costs,queues andthe effortinvolvedin transportinggoods home,frequently froma storethat issituated on the outskirtsof town,canall be avoided byengaging inonline shopping.Additionally,although somestores providetwenty-four-hour opening,the overwhelmingmajority do not,whereas twenty-four-hour shoppingon theinternetis the norm.No onecan argue,therefore,that one of thegreatest appealsof thistype ofpurchasingis itsease.A secondbenefit is the rangeof choiceavailable to theinternetshopper.Literally millionsof productscanbe comparedby the online comparison engines,resulting inthe potentialforaconsiderable costsavingper itempurchased.This pricebenefit canbe evengreater byreason of the factthattheonline shopdoesnot have the runningand administrativecosts ofa bricks and mortarenterprise.If you are looking for aparticulartype ofproduct,perhaps onlyavailable fromspecialist stores,the rangeavailable on the internetisalmost certain to bewider than you wouldfind ona trawlof yourlocal stores.A thirdbenefit of online shoppingis theprotection affordedby theDistance SellingRegulations,2000,which allowthe purchaserthe rightto cancelthe agreementat nocost within a fixedperiod of time.Finally,as mentionedabove,online shoppingallows fora real and accuratecomparison betweentheproducts andprices ofa myriadof retailers.To eventhink abouttrying suchanin-depth comparisonbypersonally visitingthat numberof storeswould beentirely impracticable.One of the majordisadvantages ofonline shoppingisthenecessity to have a personal computeror atleastaccess toone and,of course,the abilityto masterits usesufficiently welltomakeuse of the internetshoppingmarket.Although membersof thepublic whocome withinone orother of these categoriesaredefinitely inthe minority,it remainsa disadvantageof thismeans ofshopping.When youshop in a realmarket,youare able to see,feel and even tryout the goods that you arebuying.No suchfacility existswhenyoubuy online.The mostyou will be ableto achieveis tosee apictureof the goods that youare interested in acquiring.Whilst invariablythis willprovide anaccurate一representation of the product,the factremains that,contrary to the popularsaying thecamera doesoccasionallylie!There cansometimes be a significantdelay inreceiving yourgoods that have beenacquired on theinternet,whereas,of course,you haveimmediate accessto thosethathavebeen purchasedin astore.Youalso havetoorganizeyour personalschedule to beathome wheneverthegoodsare actuallydelivered.Additionally,there aresometimes somequite significantdelivery costsinvolved,which do not applyif youcollectthegoodsyourself froma realstore.The majordisadvantage isthe scopefor compromiseof yourpersonal financial information.Whilstthis riskhas clearlybeen reducedby thedevelopment ofSSL SecureSockets Layerencryption toprotectthe integrityof yourpersonal financialdetails,it remainsessential that a purchaseruses greatcare indivulgingfinancial informationonline,particularly toa sitethat heisnotfamiliar with.The concernaboutreleasing personalfinancialinformationon theinternet remainsthe singlemost citedreason,anecdotally,for peopleavoiding online shopping,despite allits apparentbenefits.Without doubt,there canbe realbenefits in availing yourselfof the many opportunitiesto shop online.There areclearly alsorealandperceived disadvantages.Ultimately,it isapersonalmatter forthe consumer,whether toembrace theopportunity offeredby theinternet orcontinue withhis existingpersonal shoppingpractices.There isinevitably good—and bad—tobesaid aboutboth.By BillyPhillipsNotes
1.palpablecapable of being perceivedby thesenses orthe mind;especially capableofbeinghandled ortouchedor felt
2.e-commerceElectronic commerce,also known as e-comm oreCommerce,consists of the buying and sellingofproducts or services overelectronic systemssuch asthe Internetand othercomputer networks.The amountoftrade conductedelectronically hasgrown extraordinarilywith widespreadInternet usage.
3.whereas twenty-four-hour shoppingon the Internet isthenorm.but it is verycommon forpeople to do online shopping anytime in a day.Here,whereas isusedtointroduce acomment whichcontrasts withwhat issaid inthe mainclause.e.g.In team-teaching,one personmay teachreading,whereas theother maydeal withconversationalskills.
4.online comparisonenginesor betterknownasonline pricecomparisonenginesor shoppingcomparison sites,are one of thebiggestinnovation on the Internetsince theintroduction ofonline shoppingsystem.Within thissite,consumers canconveniently accessdifferent list of pricesfor variousproducts offeredin differentonlineretailers.But insteadofthesecomparison sitesselling theproducts,they aremainly sourcedout fromretailerswhom theconsumers needto contactin casethey wantedto buya certainproduct fromthoselisted onthe site.
5.bricksand mortar enterprisebricksand mortarare thebuilding materialconsisting ofbricks laidwith mortar.A bricksand mortarenterpriserefers tobusinesses thathave physicalratherthanvirtual or online presences-in otherwords,stores builtof physicalmaterial such as bricksandmortarthat you can drive to andenter physicallytosee,touch,and purchasemerchandise.
6.Distance SellingRegulations,2000Consumer ProtectionDistance SellingRegulations2000are designedtoprotectcustomers whoarenot physicallypresent with the selleratthetime ofpurchase.They coverpurchases madevia email and theInternet,together withtelephone andmail order.The Regulationscame intoforce inthe UKon31stOctober,
2000.
7.encryptionthe activityof convertingfrom plaintext intocode
8.divulgemake knownto thepublic informationthat waspreviously knownonly toa fewpeople orthat wasmeanttobekept asecretOral Work
1.Role-play
2.Interaction Activities
1.Role-playAre Second-Hand BookshopsWorth VisitingSituation:It isSaturday afternoon.Martin invitesLily togo toa second-hand bookshopwith him.But Lilythinkstheres nopoint ingoing toa second-hand bookshop.Sample rolecards:Martin:You area frequentvisitor tosecond-hand bookshops.You believethat books of allvarieties canbefound there:for entertainment,for seriousreading,or forcollection.The priceis muchlower thanthat of new books.What ismore,many ofthem arein quitegoodcondition.You thinkthat onecan alwaysfind books,magazines orbrochures worthbuyingthat cantbe foundin otherplaces.Lily:Youve actuallynever beentoasecond-hand bookshop.You thinkit isnot worthgoing therebecausebooks andmagazines there are allout-of-date.Theyaremostly oldand worn-out,dirty andsmelly,with pagesmissing orjackets tornto pieces.Moreover,you findit meaninglessto collectsecond-hand books.You like to haveonly brand-newbooksfor yourown collection.Expressions thatmight beused ingiving opinions:If you ask me,...You knowwhatI think,...rd say that...The pointis...Dont youagree that...As I see it,...rd justliketosaythat...rd liketo pointout that...
2.Interaction ActivitiesOnBookshop ServiceAreyou satisfiedwith theservice inlocal bookshopsDiscuss thistopic withyour partnerand makesuggestionsfor furtherimprovement.First,prepare alistofquestions andwrite themdown inthe grid:Questions Mypartners answers123456Now askyour partnerthe questionsyou haveprepared and answer his/her questions.Write downyourpartners answersinthegrid.Do notlimit your discussion to the questionsyou haveprepared only.Finally,either yourpartner oryou reportto theclass theresult of yourdiscussion.Suggestions:The questionsmight include:■How oftendo yougotoa bookshop■What kindof booksattract youmost■What do you thinkoftheassistants9attitude towardsthecustomers■Have youhad anyunpleasantexperiencesin a bookshop■How wouldyou liketheshopassistants tohelp thecustomer■Should thebookshelves beopen orclosed tocustomers Why■When are the besttimes fora bookshopto openand close-Give methe boots,and no one getshurt!-Give methe boots.-Give methe boots!Look!Theres asale onBurberry!-Thafs theoldest trickinthebook!-Give em!-Dont youtell me...-Give methe boots!-1waited inline allmorning forthis!-Your storecard is like a50percent-off cashmerecoat.The firsttime youmeet,it promisestobeyour bestfriend.Until youlook closelyand realizeits notreal cashmere.
2.QuotesRead the following quotesand tellyour classmateswhich oneis yourfavorite.State yourreasons.Reading maketha fullman,conference aready man,and writingan exactman.一Francis BaconSomebooks are tobetasted,others tobe swallowed,and somefew tobe chewedand digested.一Francis BaconBooksaretomankind whatmemory istotheindividual.一John LubbockPeopledie,but booksnever die.No manandnoforce canabolish memory.一Franklin RooseveltBooksarethequietest andmost constantof friends;they arethe mostaccessible andwisest ofcounselors;andthe most patientof teachers.—CW EliotIfwell used,books arethe bestof allthings;if abused,among theworst.一R.W.EmersonThe readingof allgood booksislike a conversationwith thefinest menof pastcenturies.一Rene DescartesReadingisnotmerely sympathizingand understanding;itisalso criticizingand judging.一Virginia WoolfListeningIn andSpeaking Out
1.Notes
2.Listening
3.Speaking Practice■How muchdo youagree withthe authorof“On BuyingBooks“concerning theservice abookshop mayofferGuidedWriting
1.Precis Writing
2.Paragraph Writing
1.Precis WritingA.Working ingroups oftwo orthree,choose thetopic sentencefrom amongthe following:
1.Time canbe spentmost enjoyablyin abookshop.
2.Most peoplelove to spend theirtime in abookshop.
3.To somepeople the bookshop isa mostenjoyable placetogo.B・Working ingroups oftwo orthree,write theprecis according totheoutline andthe mainpointsgiven below:The outline:一visitors tobookshops一main attraction of bookshops一what notto doin bookshops一assistants inbookshopsThe mainpoints:一book-lovers,book-buyers,incidental visitors一engrossed inbooks,ignorant ofeverythingelse一escaping realities一assistants justguiding一notto buy onimpulse一assistants patientandindulgent—exampleThe referenceversion:Time canbe spentmost enjoyablyinabookshop.You maybeabook lover orabook buyer,orsomeone whowants shelter fromashower,but yousoon becomeunaware ofthe surroundings.Youre soengrossed in your reading that you forgetthepassageof time.The mainattraction of bookshops is that theyenableyouto escape realities.The assistantsdo notseem anxioustosell,they justguide youtothedesiredsection.However,you mustbecarefulinyourchoice,otherwise you will buythewrongbooks,thuswasting money and time.Booksellers arelong-suffering andindulgent.One booksellerlet astudent readabook thatwas too expensive for himto buy fordays onend.He evenplaced thebook ina specialcorner sothatit wouldnotbe sold toenable thestudent to read on.
2.Paragraph WritingParagraphWriting—Persuasive WritingReadthe paragraphon StudentsBook PP78〜
79.Thisisa paragraphpersuading thereader toappreciate apetfish market-written ina waysimilar tothatofTEXT I.In order togetunity,thewritermust notdeviatefrom thetopic sentence.Coherence meansthe orderlyorganization ofthe ideas.Here,descriptions ofthevarious petfishes andthe impressionmade bythe fisheson peopleare given-all concentratingon onetopic.Comprehensive ExercisesExerciseI
1.Spelling
2.Dictation
3.Listening Comprehension
4.Translation
5.Sentence RewritingExerciseIIExercise IIIExerciseI
1.Spelling
1.enjoyable
2.irresistible
3.browse
4.vaguely
5.indulgent
6.illustrate
7.beckon
8.inevitable
9.approach
10.account
11.variety
12.unaware
2.DictationMany studentswho call themselves badreaders neverthelessdo readsome thingssuccessfully.Theymay readnovels ortheymayread thesports pageeveryday.But a textbook isa differentmatter.Atextbook givesthemalot oftrouble.Why isthat Onereason islack ofinterest.Another isthat theyareoften unfamiliarwiththesubject aboutwhich theyare reading.But athird reasonisthatthey tryto readatextbook asif itwere a novel ora sportsstory ora problemtobesolved byAnn Landers.They respondtothe textbook inappropriately.How you read somethingdepends onthe authorspurpose inwriting.There arebasically fourpurposesfor writing.Some authorswriteto tell a story;others writeto createan imageinyourmind;somewrite to inform orteach;and stillothers writeto convinceyou ofaparticularviewpoint.Each ofthese fourpurposesrequires adifferent responseas youread.If yourespond differentlyto differenttypes ofwriting,you willfind thatyourreadingwillbemuch easier.
3.Listening ComprehensionA.True Tor FalseFFor falsestatements,write the facts.
1.The manwas on his way toacountry villagewhen he heard a strange noisecoming frombehindhis car.FThe manwas onhis wayfromacountry village to London.
2.He examinedthe back ofthe car carefully,but found nothing wrong.FHe examinedthe wheelscarefully,but foundnothing wrong.
3.When heturned his head,he foundmany beesfollowing his car.T
4.He soonknew that a queen been andher followershad hidden in his car.FHe soonknew thata queenbee hadhidden in his car.
5.The manwasverysurprised whena policemanarrived.FThe mantelephoned the police and explained whathad happened.But nopolicemen arrivedon thescene.
6.The bee-keeper wasvery happybecause hehad beenabletohelp the motorist.F一The bee-keeper wasvery happybecausehehad receivedan unexpectedgift-a bigbox fullof beesfrom the motorist.B.Arrange thefollowing sentencesaccordingtothe order of happening.
1.A bee-keeper finallyhelped theman tosolve theproblem.
2.He soonfound thousands of beesnear his car.
3.He arrivedata hotel in London where hehada drink.
4.The manstopped his car when heheardastrange noise.
5.He droveas quicklyas hecould toget ridofthe bees.
6.As hecouldnt findanything wrongwithhiscar,he wentonhisway.
7.A customerhurried intotellhim that hiscar was covered with bees.The correctorderofthe sentences:4625371Script:An UnwelcomePassenger一Hidden passengerstravelling inships,trains,or evencars canbeaterrible nuisanceespeciallywhen theyare insects.In thisrespect,there isa greatdifference betweenhuman beingsand insects.Theformer makeevery possibleeffort toavoid discovery,while thelatter quicklydraw attentionto themselves.We canonly sympathizewiththeunfortunate manwho hadto stophiscarsoon aftersetting outfroma countryvillagetodrivetoLondon.Hearing astrangenoisefrom thebackofthe car,he naturallygot outto havealook.He examinedthe wheelscarefully butashefoundnothingwrong,he continuedhisway.The noisebegan almostimmediately andnow itwas louderthan ever.Quickly turninghishead,the mansawwhat appearedtobea greatblack cloudfollowing thecar.When hestopped ata villagefurther on,hewas toldthataqueenbeemustbehiddeninhiscaras therewere thousandsof beesnearby.On learningthis,themanrealized thatthe onlyway toescape wouldbe todrive awayas quicklyaspossible.After anhours harddriving,he arrivedinLondonwhere heparked hiscar outsideahotelandwent intohavea drink.It wasnot longbefore acustomer whohad seenhim arrivehurried intoinformhimthat hiscarwascoveredwithbees.The poormotorist telephonedthepoliceandexplainedwhat hadhappened.The policedecided thatthe bestway todeal withthe situationwouldbeto calla bee-keeper.Ina shorttime,thebee-keeper arrived.He foundthe unwelcomepassenger hiddennear thewheels atthe backofthecar.Very gratefultothemotorist forthis unexpectedgift,the keepertook thequeen andherthousands offollowers homeinalarge box.Equally grateful,themotoristdrove awayin peace,at lastfreefrom the“black cloud^^whichhadhung overhiscar.
4.TranslationA.Translate thefollowing sentencesfrom Chineseinto English.看到敌机飞近，他们飞奔开去，寻找可以躲避炸弹的掩蔽处
1.Seeing theenemy planesapproaching,they dashedoff tolook fora shelterfromthebombs.（这里的“飞近可以用表示；“掩蔽处”可以用表示）approach“shelter”我理解她为何日以继夜地努力工作她极其渴望在这个领域里取得成功
2.I understandwhy sheis workingso hardday andnight,for shehasa great desirefor successinthisfield.（“夜以继日可以用day andnight”表示；“极其渴望”可以用uhave agreat desirefor sth.,,来表示）吉姆埋头玩电脑游戏，一点都没有听到母亲的叫唤声
3.Jim wasso engrossedinhiscomputer gamesthathedidnothear hismother call.（“埋头做某事”可以用表示；这里前后两部分的因果关系可以用…“be engrossedin sth.”“sthat”表示）除夕夜，全镇的姑娘和小伙子都在尽情地唱歌跳舞
4.On NewYears Eve,allthe boys andgirls ofthe townsang anddanced totheir hearts content.（这里的“尽情可以用来表示）“to oneshearts content”那银行家死后，人们发现他竟是债务重重
5.The bankerwas foundtohaverun uphuge debtswhen hedied.（这里的“债务重重可以用来表示）run uphuge debts听到只有自己一人考试不及格时，他灰心丧气极了
6.He wasdismayed to hear thathe wasthe onlyone whohad failedthe examination.（这里的“灰心丧气极了”可以用来表示）“be dismayed”图书馆管理员看见那人把书藏在大衣里走出阅览室
7.The librariansawtheman tuck away thebook inhis overcoatand walkout ofthereading-room.（这里的“藏”用来表示）“tuckaway”在纽约的大街上，你可以看到各种各样的人，他们有着不同的肤色，来自不同的阶层
8.In thestreets ofNew Yorkyou cansee agreat variety of peoplewith differentskin coloursand fromallwalks oflife.（这里的“各种各样的人”可以用来表示；“不同的阶层”可以用“agreatvariety ofpeople”“all表示）walks oflife”过于纵容孩子的父母会把孩子宠坏
9.Over-indulgent parentsmay spoiltheir children.（“过于纵容孩子的父母可以用来表示；“宠坏”用来表示）over-indulgent parents“spoil”带上伞或雨衣，以免下雨着凉
10.Take alongan umbrellaoraraincoat in case itrains andyou maycatch cold.（这里的“以免”有“万一”的意思，可以用来表示）“incase”B.Translate thefollowing intoEnglish.买东西是一项重要的人类活动Shopping is animportanthuman activity.人们花钱的方式，花钱买的东西能反映出个人的兴趣爱好（）personal tasteoTheway peoplespend theirmoney andthe objectson whichthey spendit reflectpersonal taste.但是目前商店顾客（shoppers）却面临着一个令人不知所措（confusing）和不断迅速变化的形势，这种形势限制了他们自由选择和个性（）的表现人们所以会感到不知所措是individuality由于广告的自我吹嘘（）以及对产品信息不恰当的报导claimsYet shoppersare facedwithaconfusing andrapidly changingsituation whichlimits theirexpressionof freechoice andindividuality.The confusionarises fromthe claimsmade byadvertising andfrominadequate informationabout products.顾客也许会被某种产品或某种材料所吸引，甚至也许会被引诱去买这些东西一般这种愿望是压抑不住的然而他们最终往往会买下一些次品他们不仅会买下质量有问题的商品，也有可能会花一大笔钱买那些根本不需要的东西The shoppersmight becomeattracted bya certainproduct ora certainmaterial,andevenbe tempted to buyit.Usually thedesire isirresistible.However,they oftenend upwith buyingthings ofan inferiorquality.Apart frompicking upa productof questionablequality,they canwaste alarge amountof moneyon thingstheydo notreally need.越来越多的商品可供挑选，这也是使他们不知所措的原因之一常常他们不知道买什么好，而在商店里犹犹豫豫地兜上好几个小时空手而归，但许多时间已被浪费掉了A widerchoice ofgoods canalso confusethem.Not knowingwhat to buy,they canwander aroundtheshops forhours andhours,without buyinganything,but wastingagreatdealof time.
5.Sentence RewritingA.Using whatever^however9wherever^whenever orwhoever.Example:No matter what thereason maybe/is,you cansoon becometotally unawareof yoursurroundings.Whatever thereason maybe/is,you cansoon becometotally unawareof yoursurroundings.
1.No matterwhenheenters abookshop,he canhardly tearhimself awayfrom it.Whenever heenters abookshop,he canhardly tearhimself awayfrom it.
2.No matterwho heis,he mustobey thelaw.Whoever heis,he mustobey thelaw.
3.No matterwhere hewent,poor oldJoe couldnot escapethe realitiesof everydaylife.Wherever hewent,poor oldJoe couldnot escapethe realitiesof everydaylife.
4.No matterwhatyou may say,I stillthink Idid the right thing.Whatever you may say,I stillthink Ididthe right thing.
5.No matterhow hardhe tries,he neverseems abletodothe worksatisfactorily.However hardhe tries,he neverseems abletodothe worksatisfactorily
6.Dont believethat rumour,no matterwho repeatsit.Dont believethat rumour,whoever repeatsit./Whoever repeatsit,dont believethat rumour.
7.Though his behaviour isvery annoying,we musthelp him.However annoyinghisbehaviouris/maybe,we musthelp him.
8.It doesntmatterwhathe may say,I amgoing.Whatever hemaysay,I amgoing.
9.Keep calm,no matterwhat happens.Keep calm,whatever happens./Whatever happens,keep calm.
10.The boymustbefound,nomatterwhereheis.The boymustbefound,wherever heis./Wherever heis,theboymustbefound.B.using toone\surprise.Example:He was surprised thatthe ownerpointed tothebook.To hissurprise,theownerpointedtothebook.
1.He wasoveijoyed thathis unclegave hima novelin threevolumes asa present.To hisgreat joy,his unclegave himanovelin threevolumes asa present.
2.We weregreatly relievedthatthe plane landed safely at last.Much to our relief,theplanelandedsafelyatlast.
3.The teacherwassurprisedtohearthat Yang Ling hadlearned morethan200poems byheart.To thesurprise ofthe teacher,YangLinghad hadlearned morethan200poems byheart.
4.We weregrieved toknow thatProfessor Hudied ofcancer lastweek.To ourgrief,Professor Hudied ofcancer lastweek.
5.1am satisfiedthathis statement is correct.To mysatisfaction,hisstatementiscorrect.
6.The studentswere disappointedthatthebooks they needed were not available inthe bookshops.To thedisappointmentofthestudents,thebookstheyneededwerenotavailableinthebookshops.
7.They wereindignant when they knewJohn wasunfairly dismissed.To theirindignation,John wasunfairly dismissed.Exercise IIArrangethefollowingsentences into therightorder anddivide theminto twoparagraphs.
1.I didntgo withany specificbook inmind.
2.I walkedout withthose twobooks,aswellas Knockemstiffand TheCastle inthe Forest.
3.I didntgo withany specificbook inmind.I walkedout withfour books:Stoner,A MeaningfillLife,AFan sNotes,and TheIntuitionist.
4.Depending onhow youfeel aboutbooks,you couldcall thiseither ahabit ofmine ora problemofmine.
5.Most ofthe articlesare aboutabooklover,searching forobstructed lightswitches andtripping overwobblystacks,finally saying“enough“and resolvingto trimthe fat,the fathere being,more oftenthannot,the librarysduplicates andnever-will-reads oralready-read-and-didn^-really-likes.
6.Last weekend,I foundmyself killinga Saturdayafternoon atoneof my favoritebookstores,McNally Jackson.
7.Either way,one thingitisa pattern,somethingthatrepeats itself,that existsin itsvery repetition,thatmanifests itselfonthebookshelf inmy apartmentand,because ifsa long-lived pattern,in pilessevenand eighttall onthe floorofmybedroom.
8.This pastweekend,I foundmyself killinga Saturdayafternoon inBrooklyn,at whatsbecoming oneofmy favoritebookstores,Book ThugNation.
9.If bookbuying addictionwasnt areal thing,articles likethis wouldntexist,and searching for“bookclutter“on Googlewouldnt turnup18million results.
10.But theyhad thishandsome Delledition ofThe CircusintheAttic,complete withgreen gilding,for$1and theyhad thisedition ofWise Blood,whichyou cant findanywhere andis farprettier thanthis uglything.The correctorder:Paragraph One:____________________Paragraph Two:____________________Key:The correctorder:63811024795Paragraph One:6381102Paragraph Two:4795Exercises IIICompletethefollowingdialogue.A:Yesterday Iread anarticle.It saysthat nowadaysmore andmore peopleprefer online shopping.It hasevenbecomeatrend offashion formost youngpeople.How muchdoyouknow aboutonline shoppingB:Ha-ha,youasktherightpeople!I ama netpotato,andIspend almostall sparetime onthe nets.Speaking ofonlineshopping,Im aveteran ofit.In fact,I havebought allmy articlesof everydayuse onthewebsite inthe pastfive year.A:Then youmusthavebecome anexpert ononlineshopping.A:I cannotsay I am anexpert,but Ido havealotof experiences.A:Can youtell mewhy youlike doingshopping onlineB:Because itisveryconvenient.Even withyour busy schedule you can shopforavariety ofitems,sittingright athome.You areableto save lotsoftimetogohere andthere forproducts indifferent shops.You canavoidthe heavytraffic andlong waiting.You buy it andit arrivesat mydoor ina fewdays.So I have noplansof changingthat.A:Isee.It savesyou bothtimeandenergy.Am IrighlB:Yes andno.Thats onlypart ofthe story.Another thingwhich fascinatesmeisthe cheapdeals andbetterprices Iget from online stores.Because productscometoyou directfromthemanufacturer orsellerwithout middlemeninvolved,many onlineshops offerdiscount couponsand rebates.A:Thats tempting!B:Whats more,the choicesyou canget forproducts areamazing.I canget severalbrands andproductsfrom differentsellers atoneplace.I cangetinonthelatest internationaltrends withoutspending moneyonairfare.When Ishoponline,I canshop fromretailers inother partsofthe country oreven theworld withoutbeinglimited bygeographic area.A:It seemsto methat onlineshopping doeshave manyadvantages.But Iguess itis impossible to buyclothesonline.Ithinkpeople wouldrather buytheir clothesfrom conventionalstores.Is itth caseB:Iamafraid not.How manytimes hasit happenedthatyoureach alocal garmentshop onlyto find thatthe clothesyou needis outof stockSome onlineshops havea provisionto acceptorders withoutstock andshipit acrosstoyouwhenthestock becomesavailable.You also havethe option oftaking yourbusiness toanotheronline storewhere theproduct isavailable.These storesoffer afar greaterselection ofcolors andsizesthanyou willfindlocally.A:What apity thatIhavenever triedonlineshoppingbefore today.Is itdifficult todo onlineshoppingB:Not atall.I canteach youif youlike.A:Thank you.I cannotwait tolearn it!B:When youare free,drop bymy house.You willbe abletobuywhatever youneed onlinein justa fewminutes.
1.Notes
1.Internet marketing——also knownas digitalmarketing,web marketing,online marketing,ore-marketing,isthemarketing ofproducts orservices over the Internet.It isconsidered tobe broadinscope becauseit not only refersto marketingontheInternet,but alsoincludes marketingdone viae-mailandwireless media.
2.comics-a graphicmedium inwhich imagesconvey asequential narrative
3.dissertation-a treatiseadvancing anew pointofviewresulting fromresearch,usually arequirementfor anadvanced academicdegree
4.cater to—provide allthe things that areneeded orwanted
5.collectible-worth collecting一
6.ISBN TheInternational StandardBook NumberISBN isa uniquenumeric commercialbookidentifier developedbytheInternational Organizationfor StandardizationISO.Since1January,2007,ISBNs havecontained13digits.
7.auction-An auctionisa process of buyingandselling goodsorservicesby offeringthem upfor bid,taking bids,and thenselling theitem tothe highestbidder.
2.ListeningListen tothe recordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.
1.Why dopeople regardbooks as oneofthe best thingsthattheycan possess or gift totheir lovedonesBecauseevery person,fromasmall childtoan old adult,finds afriend inbooks.
2.Do peopleget much opportunitytospend timein bookstoreslately Why or whynotNo,because peopletoday havebusy schedulelifestyles.
3.What typesof bookscan peoplebuy fromonline bookstoresPeoplecan buyall typesof booksfromonline bookstores,from fictionto non-fiction,from comicstoaward-winning works.
4.How isthe experienceof buying books onlineWhyBuying books online isa funand challengingexperience becausethere aretoo manyonline bookstorestochoose from with toomany books.
5.Do alltheonline bookstores sharethe samecharacters Ifnot,what aretheir differencesNo.They sellbooksofdifferent categoriesand cater to differentpeoplewithdifferent needsandinterests.
6.What arethe advantages ofonline bookstores thattraditional bookstoresdonotpossess Onlinebookstores make buyingbooks convenientand helptheir customerstosavemoneyandtime.ScriptThe Benefitsof BuyingBooks OnlineBooksare oneofthebestthingsthatyou canpossessorgiftto yourloved ones.From asmall childtoanoldadult,every personfinds afriend inbooks.But lately,due tobusyschedulelifestyles,we oftendonot getmuchopportunitytospendtimeinbookstores.However,withthetrend towardsInternetmarketing,things havebecome simple.Now,just bylogging ontotheInternet,youcancome acrossamultitude ofonlinebookstores whichoffer agood collectionof books.From fictionto non-fiction,fromcomics toaward-winning works,thereareplenty ofchoices tobe seenwhen makinga visittotheonlinebookshop.Buying books online isa funand challengingexperience.There arehundreds ifnot thousandsofonline bookstoresto choosefromwithhundreds tohundreds ofthousandsof titles,and withthe adventofsearch engines,any kindof used,new orrare bookscanbefound.If oneonlinebookstoredoesnothavewhatyouwant,then youwillbesure tofind anotheronlinebookstore thatdoes.For example,if youareinterestedin buyingtextbooks orreference booksfor yourdissertationonline,youwillfind websitesthat arecollege studentoriented,sponsored byuniversities andcollegesacross theUnited States.If youreinterestedinused books,youwillalso findonline bookstoresthatspecialize inused anddiscounted books.Online bookstorescatertothe needsof individualswhoneed itemsshipped tothem forconvenience.Carrying suchvast numbersoftitles,online bookstoreslist theirbooks convenientlyby category.So someofthebook categoriesyoumayfind are:Biography,Comics/Graphic Novels,Childrens Books,Horror,Crime/Thri1ler/Mystery,Fiction,andalot more.You mayalso findcollectible,antique,andrare books,CDs andaudiocassettes,photography,art andmany othercategories aswell.Onlinebookstoresmakesearchingforspecific authors,titles orISBN numberseasy byallowing youto typeinthat author,title orISBN numberinasearch bartofindwhat yourelooking for.Online bookstoresalsohave customerservice byphone lineoronlineform ifyou havetrouble findingwhat yourelookingfor.Buying books online alsogives youtheoptionto purchasebooks throughauction websites,whichcan discountthe costsdramatically.Most booksellers believein satisfactionguarantees inordertocoverany accidentallydamaged books.They mayalsohavetheir owncompany policieson exchangesandreturns.Many timesyoucanfindthattheir customerservice isonlyamouse clickaway.This justenhancesthefactthat buyingyour booksonline willnotonlysave youmoney butalso time.
3.Speaking Practice
1.Give anoral presentationonthesummaryofthe mainpoints ofthe listeningpassage.For yourreferenceThe keypoints:-the appearanceofonlinebookstores-the experienceofbuyingbooksonline-difference amongonlinebookstores-advantagesofbuyingbooksonline
2.Discuss andcomment onthe effectivenessof eachothers oralpresentation.
3.Work inpairs andtake turnsto askand give answers about thefollowingtopics:a.Do youlike buyingbooksonlineWhyorwhy notb.Which doyou prefer,tobuy booksonlineortobuybooksinareal bookstoreWhyc.Please recommendan onlinebookshopto your classmates.State asmany reasonsaspossibleforyour recommendation.Text
1.TextI1Pre-Reading Questions2General Reading3Background4Text5Comments onthe Text6Exercises
2.Text IITextI
1.Pre-Reading QuestionsBeforeyoureadthe text,think aboutthe titleand tickoffthestatements whichyou thinkarelikely totell thecontent ofthe text.
1.Do youlike visitingbookshops
2.Whatisusually yourpurpose invisiting abookshop,tobuybooks orjusttobrowse amongthem
3.Which doyou preferto visit,abookshopwith openshelves orone withclosed shelves
4.Can youbrowse throughbooks ifthebookshophas closedshelves
5.What helpdoyouwant toget fromabookshopassistant
2.General ReadingGooverthetext rapidlyand pickoutthewords orthe sentencein eachparagraph whichbestsums upthe mainidea ofthe paragraph.Para.1-the firstsentencePara.2-the firstsentencePara.3-the firstsentencePara.4—the firstsentence3・Background
1.dust-jacketThe dust-jacket sometimesbook jacket,dust wrapperor dustcover ofabookisthedetachable outercover,usually madeof paperand printedwith textand illustrations.This outercover hasfolded flapsthathold ittothefront andback bookcovers.
2.brass-rubbingBrass rubbingwas originallya largelyBritish enthusiasmfor reproducingonto papermonumentalbrasses-commemorative brassplaques foundin churches,usually originallyonthefloor,from betweenthe13th and16th centuries.Brass rubbingsare createdby layinga sheetof paperon topofabrass andrubbingthe paperwith graphite,wax,or chalk,aprocesssimilar torubbing apencil overa pieceof paperplacedon topofacoin.
4.TextOn BuyingBooksTime spentinabookshop canbe mostenjoyable,whether youareabook-loverormerely theretobuy abook asa present.You mayeven haveentered theshop justtofindshelterfroma suddenshower.Whateverthereason,youcansoonbecometotally unawareofyoursurroundings.The desireto pickup abookwithanattractivedust-jacket isirresistible,although thismethod ofselectionoughtnottobefollowed,asyoumightend upwitharatherdullbook.You soonbecome engrossedin somebook orother,and usuallyitisonly muchlater thatyou realizeyouhavespent fartoo muchtime thereand mustdashofftokeepsomeforgottenappointment-without buyingabook,of course.This opportunitytoescapetherealitiesofeverydaylife is,Ithink,the mainattractionofabookshop.There arenot manyplaces whereitispossibletodo this.A musicshop isvery muchlikeabookshop.You canwanderroundsuch placestoyourhearfs content.If itisagood shop,no assistantwill approachyouwiththeinevitablegreeting:Can Ihelp you,sir”You needntbuy anythingyoudontwant.In abookshopanassistantshouldremaininthebackgrounduntilyouhavefinishedbrowsing.Then,and onlythen,are hisservices necessary.Of course,youmaywanttofind outwhere aparticular sectionis,butwhen hehas ledyou there,theassistantshould retirediscreetly andlook asif heisnotinterested insellingasinglebook.You havetobecareful nottobeattracted bythe variety ofbooksinabookshop.It isvery easytoenter theshoplookingforabookon,say,ancient coinsand tocome outcarryingacopyofthe latestbest-selling noveland perhapsabookabout brass-rubbing—something whichhad onlyvaguelyinterested youuptillthen.This volumeonthesubject,however,happenedtobesowell illustratedandthe partofthetext youread provedso interesting,thatyoujust hadtobuyit.This sortof thingcan beverydangerous.Apart fromrunning upa hugeaccount,youcanwaste agreatdealoftimewanderingfrom sectionto section.Book-sellers mustbebothlong-suffering andindulgent.Thereisastorywhich wellillustrates this.A medicalstudent hadtoreadatext-book which was fartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.He couldntobtainit fromthe libraryandtheonly copyhecouldfind wasinhisbookshop.Every afternoon,therefore,hewould goalong totheshopandreada littleofthebook atatime.One day,however,he wasdismayed tofindthebookmissingfromitsusualplaceandwasabouttoleavewhenhenoticed theownerofthe shopbeckoningtohim.Expecting tobe toldoff,hewenttowards him.To hissuiprise,theownerpointed tothebook,whichwastucked awayinacomer,I putit thereincaseanyone wastemptedtobuyitJ hesaid,and leftthe delightedstudent tocontinue hisreading.By RobertBest slightlyalteredWords andphrases:1shelter:n.[uncountable]protection fromdanger orfrom wind,rain,hot sun,etc.e.g.They stoodunder theshelter ofa hugetree whenit pouredwith rainlast night.Provision ofshelter wastheir mainconcern forthe disastervictims.2unaware:a.not noticingor realizingwhat ishappeninge.g.She wascompletely unawareof therebeing anythingextraordinary.Mike seemsunawareofthetrouble hescausing.3surroundings:n.[plural]the objects,buildings,natural things,etc.that arearound aperson orthingat aparticular timee.g.The policemanswitched onthe lightand examinedhis surroundings.The protectivecolor ofsome plantsand animalschanges withtheir surroundings.4irresistible:a.so attractiveand desirablethat onecannot preventhimself fromwanting it;too strongorpowerful tobe stoppedor preventede.g.The strivingfor peace and cooperation,andthepromotion ofdevelopment havebecomeirresistible historicaltrends.Both thepresentation andvarietyofgoods forsale makeshopping irresistible.5endupwith:finish withthe possessionof someoneor somethingorinthe companyof someoneorsomethinge.g.We endupwithnothing afterall theseyears,and thafsyour fault.I thoughtmy datewas withSally,but Iended upwith hertwin sister.6engrossed:a,giving ormarked bycomplete attentiontoe.g.My fatherwas deeplyengrossedinthebookforthewhole night.Students tendto neglectschoolwork oncethey getengrossedinactivities asonline gaming.7dash:v.go orrun somewherevery quicklye.g.I mustdash upstairsand runa combthrough myhair sincethepartyistobegin verysoon.The secretarydashed intoher office,grabbed herbag,and ranout again.8wander:v.walk slowlyacross oraround anarea,usually without a cleardirection orpurpose e.g.Those whodonothave relativesto returnto areleft towander thestreets andsleep rough.He toldus thatwe couldwander aroundat will.9to oneshearts content:as muchasonelikes orwants,to onesentire satisfactionand withoutlimitatione.g.She tookrefuge inthe library,where shecould readtoherheartscontent.Since wedidnt haveto putonafalse front,we couldlaugh aboutthe incidenttoourheartscontent.10approach:v.move towardsor nearerto,get closertoe.g.You mustapproach thebird veryquietly orit willfly away.As peopleapproach oldage,their energiesmay diminish.11inevitable:a.certaintohappen andimpossible toavoide.g.Borrowing wordisaninevitable linguisticphenomenon incommunication betweendifferentcultures.Stress isinevitable andnoonecan everbe stress-free.12remain:v.stay inthesameplace withoutmoving awaye.g.To everyonesgreat surprise,suchahealthy personshouldremaininthehospital fora solidmonth.The soldierswere instructedto remainwhere theywere.13browse:v.look throughthe pagesofabook,magazine,etc.withoutaparticular puipose,justlooking atthemostinteresting partse.g.Why dontyou sitdown atthat tableand browsethroughthepaperPeople canbrowse theclassified advertisementsinthenewspaper forsome information.14section:n.oneofthe partsthat somethingsuchasan objector placeis dividedintoe.g.This section ofthemarket hasslowly declinedin importance.You willfindthatbookinthe historicalsectionofthelibrary.15retire:v.go awaytoaquiet placee.g.Eisenhower leftthe WhiteHouse andretired tohis farmin Gettysburg.Nowadays moreandmore peopleretire tothecountry,where theycan enjoypeaceandfresh air.16discreetly:ad.doing orsaying inapoliteand carefulwaytoavoid embarrassingor offendingsomeonee.g.I tookthe phone,and shewent discreetlyintotheliving room.They wereall proudstudents,so theteacher didit discreetly.17variety:n.things ofthesametype thatare differentfrom eachother insome waye.g.The guestsfromtheneighbourhood areamazed bythe varietyof plantsintheregion.Man hadachieveda remarkableunderstanding ofa widevarietyofnatural phenomena.18vaguely:ad.not clearlyor exactlye.g.The namesounded vaguelyfamiliar toher.He wondereduneasily whatit meant,and beganto feelvaguely apprehensive.19illustrate:v.make themeaning ofsomething clearerby givingexamplese.g.Let megiveanexample toillustrate thepoint.I cancite quitea fewinstances toillustrate.。
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