福建省三明市2023年英语高三上期末调研模拟试题含解析

福建省三明市2023年英语高三上期末调研模拟试题考生请注意答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作

1.任何标记第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择

2.题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上考生必须保证答题卡的整洁考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回

3.第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）20L

5301.（2013•天津，9）No onebe moregenerous；he has a heartof gold.A.could B.must C.dare D.need

2.We shouldgo bybus wecan getthere earlier.A.as soon as B.where C.in orderthat D.when

3.If Joeswife wontgo to the party,.A.he willeither B.neither willheC.he neitherwill D.either hewill

4.The LifelongLearning Programme to enablepeople totake partin learningexperienceshas takenoff acrossEurope.A.having beendesigned B.being designedC.designed D.designing

5.The oldroad is indeed lessdirect anda bitlonger.We wonttake thenew one,,as wedont feelsafe on it.A.somehow B.otherwise C.therefore D.though

6.-It tookme eightyears tobuild upmy business,and italmost killedme.-Well,you knowwhat theysay.・A.There isno smokewithout fireB.No pains,no gainsC.All roadslead toRome D.Practice makesperfect

7.She isquite tooffice work.You hadbetter offerher somesuggestions whennecessary.A.familiar B.freshC.similar D・sensitive

8.is oftenthe case,we haveworked outthe productionplan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As

9.After asandstorm warningon Sundayevening,meteorologistsforecast thatdusty weatherwill continuein partsof thecountry onMonday.A.breaking offB.calling offC.leaving off D.putting off

10.After Ileft LinchuanNo.2Middle School,I begancollege classesinin anambulance.Tests indicatedVandna hada strokeaffecting the right side of her brain,thus affectingthe6side of her body.What wasworse,the strokecaused herbrain to began toswell,and sheneeded operation（头骨）to7the pressurethe swellingwas putting8herbrain.The doctors9part of her skullto make roomfor the swelling.10theswellingwentdown（消退），herskull wasplaced backagain.While thedoctors predictedthat she would neverlive anormal life,Vandna11（康复中心）improved.She wasin arehab centerfor about3months andbegan torealize how（支架）12her dailylife mightbe.She hadto weara braceon herleft legtosupport her13,Her leftarm14lightly,and sheoften becametired.Though15onacampus wasnteasy,she finishedhigh schooland16a degreein speechtherapyat University of Redlands.After thestroke,Vandna became17with theAmerican HeartAssociation.She sharedher18at publicevents andurged othersto stay

19.She said、if you20a toughtime,remember toughtimes donlast,but toughpeople do.1A.stopped B.、、dismissed C.cured D.treated2A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything3A.、、weak B.worried C.nervous D.surprised4A.Despite B.Because C.Since D.Though5A.、、remained B.stayed C.kept D.rushed6A.left B.right C.middle D.over7A.add B.reduce、C.increase D.apply8A.on B.up C.offD.out9A.moved B.broke C.removed D.、repaired10A.Before B.Until C.Once D.While、11A.suddenly B.quickly C.immediately D.gradually、12A.happy B.different C.exciting D.lucky、13A.hand B.ankle C.neck D.head、14A.shook B.tired C.waved D.held、、15A.getting awayB.getting offC.getting aroundD.getting out16A.lost B.made C.gave、17A.involved B.interested C.concerned D.experiencedD.earned

18、A.event B・accident C.story D・news、19A.negative B.positive C.indifferent D.supportive、第二节每小题20A.put throughB.looked throughC.broke throughD.went through

1.5分，满分分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式151分工

27.15National Love Our ChildrenDay beganin Americain

2004.It fallon thefirstSaturday inApril.

2.it aimis tohonor andcelebrate Americaschildren andstress the

3.important oflove as they grow up.It isalso intendedto promotethe relationshipof familymembersand raiseawareness of the needto protectchildren

4.the harmfulsideofsociety.Some peoplemay arguethat everyday shouldbe LoveOur ChildrenDay.However,thereare millionsof otherchildren

5.are lessfortunate andgrowup without aloving childhood.Healthy andhappy childrenprovide thebasis for a safesociety forfuture generationswhenthey become

6.parent.National LoveOur ChildrenDay7^_start bythe organizationLoveOurChildrenUSA nearly15years ago.It helpsto organizeevents acrossAmerica tomake childrenfeel8,delight,Their websiteadvises us

9.spend the day withthe childrenand dosomethingspecial togetheror buythem somethingtheyve beendreaming for10,long time.Formermayor ofNew YorkCity,Michael Bloomberg,also said,UA11of ourchildren deservethelove,encouragement andrespect whichthey needto reachtheir fullpotential today and everydayof the year.”第四部分写作共两节第一节短文改错满分分10分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文

28.10文中共有处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或10修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号八，并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线\划掉修改在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

1、只允许修改处，多者从第处起不计分21011Miss Zhangis one of mymost favoriteteachers She has a slim build and always ties his hair、in aponytaiR She is35,but shelooks quiteyoung ather ageWhich impressesme mostis、Miss Zhangsway ofteaching She devotes herselfto teach and prepares well for every classNot only did she help us to understand**whatn,but sheexplores why、She encouragesusto think independent and have discussions among ourselves when wefaced withproblemsShe issuch ainspiring personwith astrong senseof、responsibilities,and weall respectand admireher61第二节书面表达（满分分）25（分）你班将在本周五下午举行一场主题为“阅读的重要性”的英语演讲比赛请围

29.25绕该主题写一篇演讲稿，需包含以下要点.你认为现在很多人不喜欢阅读的原因是什么？.你认为阅读重要吗？为什么？注意12词数左右；.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数L1002Hello,everyone.It isa greathonor forme to speak here.The topicof myspeech is thesignificance ofreading.Thafs all.Thanks for your attention.参考答案第一部分（共小题，每小题分，满分分）

201.

530、1A、2C、3B、4C、5D、6B、7B、8D、9B、10D、11C、12B、13C、14A、15D、16A、17D、18B、19B、20A第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，40A BC D选出最佳选项、、211D、2B、3C、4C、22Before leaving his jobin Brooklyn,Brian Peterhad onething hewanted todo onhis last day-say thankyou to the cityhe loves.Peter decided to usethe moneyhe madefor adayswork,as well asthe$17per yearhe earnedfor his service,to give back tohiscommunity.Ive gotnothing butgood thingsfrom thecity and the citizens/5Peter said.I takewhat I makein adayandadd that$1136that thepolice associationwas goingto giveme,andFil justadd itup to$500and getsome gift cards for people.”So afterfourteen yearsserving as a police officer,Peter spenthis lastday doingthat.Using hisown money,Peter purchasedfive gift cards fromTarget andfive gift cards from thegrocery chainCub Foodsworth$50eachandhanded themout to strangers inBrooklynCenter.It tookhim abouttwo hoursto giveaway thecards andthat hecould putsmiles ona lotofpeoples faces,including onewoman hestopped afternoticing thecondition ofher car.Her carwas reallyold andreally damaged.I sawher windshieldwipers werestuck in the upposition/9Peter recalled.UI explainedwhatIwas doingand gaveher agiftcard,andimmediately,she litupwith a smile.”Once peopleovercame theinitial shockof what he wasdoing,Peter said he receivedalot morehugs thatday.Monique Drier,who stayedwith Peter,said Peterhas alwayswantedto giveback anddidnt reallywant theattention.He didnteven have a going-away party,Drier said.Peter,who startedhis newjob threedays ago,saidhestill wantedto continuegivingback to the community.^Community serviceis extremelyimportant,and when yourefortunate inlife,you shouldgivebackto otherswho arentas fortunateas youJ Petersaid.“Thats whatmakes the world goround.”

17、We canlearn fromthe passagethat Peter・A.decidedtoretire fromhis positionas apolice officerB.was interestedin makingfriends withsome strangersC.showed hiskindness tostrangers beforeleavinghisjobD.earned tendollars ayear forhisserviceasapoliceofficer

5、The womanin acar ismentioned in the passagein orderto show・A.how Petersgiftcardinfluenced herattitudeB.how Peteradded happinessinto others9daily lifeC.how Peterfound othersin troubleand helpedthemD.how Peterreceived hugsfrom those who weregrateful、18How doesPeter thinktheworldcan goround according to the passageA.By involvingother incommunity service.B.By sharingwhat wehave withthe unfortunate.C.By givingrewards tothosewhohelp others.D.By offeringnew jobsto unfortunatepeople.、16What isthe mainidea ofthis passageA.A policeofficer knewhow tocheer uppeople introuble.B.Peter spenthislastday givinggiftcardstostrangers.C.The bestway tohelp acommunity canbe learntfrom Peter.D.Peter returnedwhat heearned in his workto thepolice station.参考答案、1A、13B、9C、、17D5D、18B、16A、、13A9C、17A、18D、、114D19D、184C、18D项、drift apartbecome disconnected89o、90B、1172C、、139A1259D、92A、890B、、906372A、139D、69C、、70B703B、99C、707D、、73C708C、706A、、703D99B、110B、、171A1713C、161D、1717C、158A1718B、1716D、1713A、、161B50D、41D、413C、、47C292C、44A、、、418A291A413D、47C、184C120D1203C、117A、、1136B115B、1137C、1206D1203C117D、105C161D、1613A、、169C1617D、、115C1429A1428B、1613B、169A、89C90A、1172B、、139D1259C、92D、890B、、906A1172A、139C、69D、、70B703A、99C、707D、73C选项、a badattitude Those who sufferfrom depressionhold negativeattitudes.99C、110D、、171C1713B、、161D1717C选项丁关键词和、、hurt herfeelings verybadly sadhurt crying184B120Co、1203D117D、1136A、H5B、、1137C1206D、1203C、117A、、1136A1137C、11247A、1149D、11359C1140C、11249D、、11261C11247A、、H49B169C、、170D1703B、199C1707C、、173A1708A、1706B、、1703C199D、1143A、、、1144A11435C1840B、11308A、、1147BU439C、11446D、11435B、、1840C162A、、120D1203B、、117A1136B、115C、1137A、1206B根据中心句总结概括写作目的选项To recall the joyand freedomshe hasenjoyed、thanks toriding.11223D、1138B、11374D、、1137C11257C、11222B、11223D选项Either manwill abolishwar,or warwill abolishman.wA Itmust be abolished ifmanwants tosurvive・・k关键词abolish

1135、B、11269D、H32C转述了文章内容选项、bB wasshorter bytwo centimeters.1136B、1137A、11247D、1149Bto voicetheiropinions bravelyC选项0r关键词speak to the schoolboard.

11247、C

1149、、、、、、A169B170C1703D199A1707D173B、1708A1706D、1703C199B888D、、、891B8913C899A、、、8917C895B8918B、8916A、8913D、、899A1259D、890A、8903C、、891B8904B、890C、8901B、、8902A8903C、891C、11716C、11717DU7157B、11711D、117159B、11720CH7160B、117176D、117157D11711C、1256B、970D、、9703A1278B9707C、973C、、9708D9706A、9703A、1278B（他们真的对和人类相处好奇）产人选项They doseem curiousabout beingwith humans（它们这样做是出于好奇）其实项就是对文中的内容的另一They dothis out of curiosityA种表述故答案选A、11715C细节理解题第四段中“The adviceis thatdolphins shouldbe givenenough periodsofSeptember

2010.不填；不填；不填A.a;the B.the C.the;the D.一

11.When didyou getto knowyour girlfriend—It wasin2015she wasworking asa volunteerin Africa.A.that B.whichC.when D.then一

12.Alice hasjust losther husbandto heartfailure.一Her smilecant hideher sorrow.A・arbitrary B.artificialC.compulsory D.conventional

13.After makingthe speech,he wentthrough itinhismind toreflect wherehebetter.A.could doB.would doC.could havedone D.would havedone

14.Guangdong provincerolled outnew guidelines,offensive nicknamesand onlineviolenceas schoolbullying.A.deflning B.definedC.to defineD.having defined

15.on onefoot with your eyescloseD.and youwill soonlose yourbalance.A.Standing B.StoodC.To standD.Stand

16.During theeconomic crisis,we shouldhelp thosefor lifeis far from easy.A.whom B.whose C.who D.whoever

17.—He isgood ata lotof thingsbut itdoesnt meanheisperfect.一Actually noone is.A.Whafs goingon B.Lefs getgoing.C.Thank goodness.D.I5m with you onthat.

18.We areto holdthe sportsmeeting nextweekend,the airquality becomesbetter.A.which B.whenC.where D.while

19.The teachersvoice stillremained calmshe wasgetting annoyed.A.as longas B.even ifC.as ifD.now that

20.—Youve beencoughing sobadly recently.Give upsmoking,please.—.I thinkI amaddicted toittime throughoutthedaywhen theyare notexposed totourism.Permitted interactions（幼崽）should notbe too disturbingtothedolphins sincethere could be mothersand calvespresent in dolphingroups.There shouldalso beeducational campaignsabout thecreatures由此可知要给海豚足够的白天时间让它们不和and what is likelyto causedanger tothem.”人们接触，故是错误的与海豚接触不应该惊扰到它们，因为在群里可能有小海豚和准D妈妈，故是错误的要教育人们了解海豚及要知道可能会对他们造成危险故是正A C确的故选项C、11720D推理判断题最后一句但是如果我们要欣赏这些了不起的动物，而不仅仅是为了娱乐而使用它们，那么我们必须仔细监测全球范围内的“海豚游泳”行业从本句可知要仔细监测它就是因为如果不加以适当的控制，会伤害到海豚故选、DH7207A、9058D、117208D、117206C117203B、12415D、920A、、921A9141B、929D、、9144A925D、9218C、9143B、、9141D929A、8904D、、8901C89013D、8909A89017D、、8905C89018B、89016A、89013A、、8909B9048C9061B、、9069C90617A、9065D90429C、90428C、90613D9069D、11716A、11717B、117157A、11711D117159B11720B、117160A、117176D、117157D11711B、1256C、970B、9703C、、1278A9707D、973C、9708B、、9706B9703B、1278C、690C、670D6703B、699C、6707D、、673A6708B、6706D、6703B、699A707D708D、7064C709C、708A、7081D7063C、7064D709D、、7026A7027C、70172A、、、7039A70259B7030C、70174C、、、、70186D70172B7039B969D、970B、、9703A999C、9707D、、973A9708C、、9706A9703C、999C、7055B、7071A、70713A、7061D70717B、7058B70718D70716C、70713B、7061C、、730A721C、7141A、727D、、7144D724B、、7218D7143C、、7141D727B、7084A、7081C、、70813B7068D70817C、、7065A70818A、70816C、70813A、、7068B7048D、7061B、70613B、7069C70617A、7065B70429A70428A70613D、7069D、、7026C7027D70172B、7039B、、70259C7030B、70174D、70186A、、70172D7039D、969B、970D、、9703A999A、9707C、973B、9708C9706B、9703C、、999A1100B、11013C、1109C11017B、1105C、11018A、、110163013C、1109A、1717A、1718B、、17114B1719D、17184C、1718C、17120D、17113A17114C、1719C、1789C、1790B、、171172B17139C、171259D、1792B17890B、17906C

171172.B、17139A、、1610D1424B、14243C、1430A、、14247D1427D、1173A、1172C、、14243B1430D、17H0A、、17171C171713A、171717C、、17158D171718C、171716A、171713D、17161B1112C、1120A、11203B、、1187A1H36D、1184A、11137B、11206CH203A、1187B、17184C、17120A171203C17117D、171136B、、17115Al7n37C、171206D、171203C、17117A17105B、17161D、、171613C17169C、171617A17115B、、171429D171428D、171613C、17169D、1789B1790B、171172C、17139C、、171259D1792B、、17906D171172C选项由关键词The festivalis celebratednationwide.A anational event对应文章内容选项关键词HMD Toask himto giveher someadvice..for suggestions1173C、H72A、14243D、、1430B500C、349A、3493D、、355B3497D、352A、、3498B3496D、3493B、355A、292C418C、2874B、293D、4184C418C、2880B、、2873D2874B、293A、489D、、490A28772C、4139D、、28859B492A、4890B4906C、、28772D4139A、、、320C332B3323B、325D、、3327A458C、3328B、3326D、、3323A325B、2870A、2921C、、29213B2911C、29217D、、2908B29218C、29216B、29213A、、2911C309C、378D、、3783A316A、5292B、313C、、3788D5291B、3783C、316C、4184DThey havefound factsthat laughterreally canimprove peopleshealth^D.tests show that项laughter canproduce beneficialeffects onhuman bodydistract tostop thedog paying、、attention towhatheis doing28803B2877D2865Ao2911A29113B、2919B、29n7D、、2875A29118B、、2919C489B、490C、、28772D4139A、28859D、492A、、4890C4906C、28772B、4139B、、320A332D、3323B、、325B3327B、458A、3328C、、3326C3323B、325A、1143D、、1144A11435A、1840B、11308C、、1147D11439A、11446C、11435D、、1840BU36B、1137A、、11223D1138A、11374B、1137D、、11257C11222A、11223D、、1138B1889C、1153D、、12039D112319D、1155D、18890B、、11374C112317B、12039AH70D、、1171CH713A、1179B、11717D、、1119Cl B、13C、9D17C、5B、18B、16B、、231D、2C、3A、4B、、241D、2C、3A、4B、、251B、2B、3A、4A第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从

1.530短文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D、、261B、2C、、3A4DA・It cantbe helpedB.Good ideaC.So far,so goodD.Far fromit第二部分阅读理解（满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选40A BC D出最佳选项（分）

21.6Rules for the UniversityEntrance Examination•You mustbe at the examination center ten minutes beforethe examinationstarts.If youaremore thantenminuteslate,you maynot enterthe examination center.The examinationtakesplace at the sametime indifferent states.•You musthave proofof yourname andgrade as wellasofficial examination number.Show thesewhen youcome tothe examinationcenter.•Depending onwhich examinationyou aretaking,you maybring certainitems intothe（计examinationcenter.Mathematics examinationsmay allowyou touse electroniccalculators算器）.Other subjectsmay allowyou touse dictionariesand otherreference material.Pleaseread thenotes sentwith yourtimetable carefully.•You mustbring yourown pencils.None willbe providedfor you.The followingitems arenot allowed inthe examinationcenter:walkmans andradios,head sets,any foodor drink,（）schoolbags,electronic equipmentunless specificallypermitted forvarious subjects,andmobile phones.•Once inthe center^you mustsit at the deskwithyourexamination numberonitWhenyou sitdown,place yourexaminationnumberat thetop cornerof your desk.•You mustremain silentduring the examination.You mustnot disturbother peoplewhoare takingthe test.•If youneed adrink ortoilet break,you shouldraise yourhand andwait for the supervisor（监督者）tospeakto you.You willbe givenwater orthe supervisorwill takeyou tothebathroom.You arenotallowedto talkwith anyoneduring thebreak.•You mustwrite youranswers inthe officialanswer sheet.Your supervisorwill provideextrapaper if you wishtomakenotes.•You mayleave theexamination roomat anytime ifyou donot planto return.If youfinishearly and want toleave,please movewell away fromtheexaminationcenter.•The supervisorwill warnyou fifteenminutes,five minutesand oneminute beforethe endof theexamination.When thesupervisor saysthat thetime isup,you mustput downyour pencilandwait atyourdeskuntil yourpaper iscollected.、1What kind of examinationare theserules probablyfor、5D、6A、7B、8A、9C、10C、11D、12B、13B、14A、15C、16D、17A、18C、19B、20D第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内L5151单词的正确形式、

271.falls

2.Its

3.importance

4.from/against

5.who/that

6.parents

7.was started

8.delighted

9.to spend

10.a第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分分）

10、28Miss Zhangis oneof myrilot favoriteteachers.Shehasaslimbuildandalwaystieshishairin aponytail.She heris35,but shelooks quiteyoung ather age.Which impressesme mostis MissZhang sway ofteaching.ShedevotesforWhatherself toteach andprepareswellforeveryclass.Notonlydidshehelpus to understandwhat”,but sheexplores teachingdocs“why”.She encouragesustothinkindependentandhavediscussionsamongourselveswhenwe Afaced withindeperid ntly匕areproblems.She issuch ainspiring personwithastrong senseof responsibilities,and weall respectand admireher.anresponsibility第二节书面表达（满分分）2529Hello,everyone.It isa greathonor formetospeak here.The topicof myNspeechisthesignificance ofreading.As weall know,many peopledont readas muchas theyused tofor the following reasons.First,people areso busywith heavywork andlife thatthey Andit hardto enjoyreading quietly；second,people onlyread e-books to relax orkeep themawayfromworking pressure.As forme,I believethat readingis verysignificant inour life.It providesus notonly withpleasurebut alsoinformation.Whafs more,reading candevelop peoplesthinking skillsandbroaden theirhorizons as well.I benefita lotthrough readingbecause readingbrings memuchfun andknowledge.I hopeall ofyou canlove reading.Thafs all.Thanks foryour attention.A.A localexam.B.A finalexam.C.A collegeexam.D.A nationalexam.、2What areyou allowedto havewithyouwhenyoutake mathematicsexaminationA.Related material.B.Proof ofyourself.C.A cellphone.D.A dictionary.、3What shouldyou doifyoufinish thetest earlyandwant to geta betterresultA.Take somenotes carefully.B・Leave theroom immediately.C.Remain inyour seat and checkagain.D.Raise yourhand toinform yourteacher.、4What canbe providedforyouduring theexamA.Pencils.B.Food anddrink.C.Extra paper.D.Calculators.分

22.8Spain EnvironmentalProjectFull DescriptionGreenheartTravel Casita Verde GreenHouse isan incredibleeco-center situatedin abeautiful valley nearthe villageof SanJose,Ibiza.This greatMediterranean islandis renownedforits richculture andincredible scenery.CasitaVerdeis consideredan experientialeco-education center,and showcasesthe bestpractices forsustainable livingand alternativeenergies.The centerincludes almost14acres ofworking farmland createdto demonstrateecologicaldevelopment powered by windand sunenergy.How YouWill Makea Difference:—Maintain andimprove thefarm facilities—Install an alternative energysystem—Promote environmental awareness amongvisitors—Cook delicious,organic meals for visitors—Learn farmingthat emphasizesthe useof renewablenatural resourcesand theenrichmentof localecosystemAssist withSunday communityvisit/mealsDates:Flexible datesavailableDuration:1to12weeksCost Details:fee includes:housing,fool,medical insurance,in-country staffsupport,pre-departure orienta-tion,in-country orientation,24-hour emergencycontactA GreatOpportunity for:Teens/ProfessionalsSkills Needed/ExperienceParticipants shouldhave anactive interestin environmentalstudies/ecology,and strongdesireto contributetotheinternational effortto protectthe environment.Thosewhoareinterested init musthave extensivehands-on conservationexperience andbe willingto live（淳朴地）rustically in analternativecommunity.Some knowledgeof Spanishis helpfulbut notrequired.、1What dowe knowabout CasitaVerdeA.It coversabout14acres insize.B.It ispoweredbyrenewable resources.C.It isthe centerof abeautifulvalley.D.It developsits uniqueculture.、2What canyou doin CasitaVerdeA.Teach visitorshow togrow organicplants.B・Help thelocal promoteenvironmentalawareness.C.Prepare organicmealsforvisitors onSunday.D.Make researchinto analternative energysystem.、3Who arethe intendedreaders ofthe textA.Travelers.B.Famers.C.Workers.D.Volunteers.23・（8分）A fullmoon isappearing—and itwill havea bigimpact on animals,especiallythose inthe ocean.Recent studiesshowthatmany types of animalshave biologicalclocks finelytuned tothecycles ofthe moon,which drivesinteresting andsometimes strangepatterns ofbehavior.Besides discoveringhidden aspectsof animallife,the researchalso hasintention ofbetter（生物钟）understanding thecircadian clockspresentin all animals,including humans.The firstcircadian clocksevolved inthe oceans,so studyingthem inocean animalscan tellusa lotabout how they evolvedand howthey workand interactwith eachother,explains KimLast,a researcherattheScottish Associationfor MarineScience.（牡蛎），Oysters whichopen theirshells toeat andspawn,also havea lunarrhythm,a newstudyshows.In arecent experiment,French researcherscarefully monitoredhow widelya dozenoystersopened theirshells duringa

3.5-month period.The teamused ahigh-tech devicethat quantisedthevalve openingevery twoseconds,as describedinapaper publishedinthejournal BiologyLetters.They found that twotypesofoysters inArcachon Bayin southwesternFrance weresignificantly more openduring new moons andmore closedwhen themoon wasfull.In addition,the oysterscould tellthe differencebetween thefirst quarter moon and the thirdquartermoon,（）and weresignificantlymoreopen bynearly20percent atthe latter.（海藻）Ifs unknownwhy theoysters dothis,though itcouldbedue tomore algaeor otherfoodbeing availableduring thenewmoonand astheyearprogresses,says studyleader DamienTran,a researcherattheUniversityofBordeaux.The lunarcycle couldinfluence foodavailability byits impacton thetides andthus theoceanscurrents.When themoon isfull ornew,it isdirectly inline withEarth andthe sun,forcing astrong pullon theocean andthus causingmore pronouncedtides,explains DavidWilcockson,a oceanbiologist atAberystwyth Universityin Waleswho wasntpart ofthe study.、1Where didthe earliestlife formsprobably evolveA.In thetides.B.In theoysters.C.In themoon.D.In theocean.、2Based on the observations,whatisthe likelyorder ofwhen theoysters aremost openand mostdosed

①The newmoon;

②The fullmoon;

③The firstquarter;

④The thirdquarterA.

①•

②•

③•

④B.

①•

②■

④■

③C.

①•

④•

③•

②D.

①•

③•

④•

②、3What isit thatleads tothe hugetidesA・A strongpull.B・A straightline.C.The lunarcycle.D.The oceanscurrent.、4Why areoysters mentionedas anexampleA.To explainwhy theyopen theirshells.B.To furtherstress themoons impactonanimals.C.To showthe difficultyof scienceexperiments.D.To introducehowthehigh-tech deviceis usedin experiments.

24.（8分）When HuangLizhi tookher firstclass inAfrican sociologyattheUniversityof theWitwatersrand inSouth Africain February,her professorasked herand her classmateswhat impressesthem mostwhen itconies toAfrica.Unexpectedly,Huang,31,foundthatwords like“poverty”and“safari”-negative wordsthatwere oftenassociated withthe continentin mediareports-were thekindofterms herAfricanclassmates didntwantto hear.Instead,they preferredtohearthe questionanswered inthisway:wAfrica isthe cradleof humankind”and uAfricansare passionateand generous”.Apparently,there aresome misunderstandingsbetween us.Its truethat withincidents like（出现）the Ebolaoutbreak inWestern Africaandtheemergence ofpirates offthe coastofSomalia hittingthe news,its easyfor usto keepforgetting thatAfrica hasoneofthe worldsoldestcivilizations-Egypt,born bythe worldslongest river,the Nile.The proofisinthe GreatPyramidof GizaandtheGreat Sphinxof Giza,which areboth popularamong tourists.And thetombsof ancientEgypt havealso becomeendless sourcesfortheliterature andfilm industries.When it comes tothe naturalenvironment ofAfrica,our misunderstandingsare onlybigger.But thetruth isthat insteadof beingextremely hotall yearand coveredby desert,the（稀树草原）continent haslarge areasof savannaswhere lions,giraffes andzebras live,thesnowcapped Kilimanjaro-the highestmountain inAfrica-and eventhick forestontheisland ofMadagascar.These misunderstandingsare oneofthereasons whythe2018Beijing Summitofthe Forumon China-Africa Cooperationwas heldon Sept3and4-tounderstandeach otherbetter.Indeed,only byvisiting Africaherself didHuang seethe convenientliving conditions,theamazing naturalbeauty andthe friendlypeople.In hereyes,herclassmateswere ashopefulabout thefuture oftheir owncountries asthey wereabout Africaasawhole,and theywerequick todemonstrate boththeir strongwill andactivity.“At thatmoment,I knewexactly whatthey wanted-theywantedtheir culturetobe、respected.^1Which ofthe followingbest explains“cradle”underlined inparagraph2A.A smallbed forbabies.B.A basketto holdsomething.C.A placeforpeopletorelaxthemselves.D.A placewhere somethingimportant began.、2What canwe inferabout AfricaaccordingtothepassageA.It isvery hotalltheyear round.B.Its nota safecontinent tolive inC.Its differentfrom whatwe imagine.D.It isbound to haveabright future、3Which ofthefollowingwould Huangagree withA.To seeis tobelieve B.Think twicebefore youdoC.A missis asgood asa mileD.Don judgea personby hisappearance、4What canbeasuitable titleforthetextA.Valuing aCulture.B.Understanding Africa.C.Paying aVisit toAfrica.D.Discovering aContinent.

25.（10分）When DeeDee Bridgewaterlearned thatshewouldbecome a2017NEA JazzMaster,a seriesof thoughtsand feelingsflooded hermind.It wasso farout ofmy orbitand justmywhole sphereof thinking,she saidinaconversation atNPR thisspring,hours beforesheformally receivedher award.Shes66-farfromretirement agein jazz,and onthe extremeforward edgeoftheNEA JazzMasterspeople.So she was awareofherrelative youthinthefield Shealso recognizedthat therehaventbeen manywomen inthe ranksof NEA Jazz Masters:fewer than20,outof

145.That（前任）idea ledher toreflect on her predecessorslegendary singerslike BettyCarter*whowas seatedback in1992,and AbbeyLincoln,who receivedthe nodin

2003.Bridgewater soughtinspiration andadvice fromboth Carter and Lincoln,as sherecalls inthis period ofJazz Night,which featuresmusic recordedduring theseason openerfor JazzatLincoln Center.On aprogram called“Songs ofFreedom”，organized bydrummer UlyssesOwens,Jr”Bridgewater sangmaterial associatedwith Lincolnaswellas Nina Simone:anextremely angrysong ofthe civilrights movement,like^Mississippi Goddam”.A separateconcert,uSongs WeLove，found Bridgewatersinging lesspolitically charged（but stillexciting）fare likeSt.James Infirmary”，which appearsonhermost recentalbum.In wordsaswellas music,thisperiodreveals howseriously Bridgewatertakes thatresponsibility,seeing ashow itconnects toher ownexperience inthe jazzlineage.But maybe“seriously isnt（欢腾）therightword whenitcomesto DeeDee,whose effervescenceshines througheven inareflective mood.Join herhere fora while;shes excellentcompany,no moreor lessso nowthatmastery isofficially apart ofher resume.、1What didBridgewater thinkofherwinning the award A.It confusedher.B.It wasbeyond herexpectation.C.It wongreat popularsupport forher.D.It gaveher muchconfidence abouther career.、2What canwe learnabout themusicians winningNEAJazzMastersA.Women rankedhigher thanmen.B.Men accountedforabigger partof them.C.Most ofthem wereunwilling toretire atfirst.D.Many ofthem receivedtheawardatanearly age.、3Who ismore likelytohavea greatinfluence onBridgewaterA.CarterandLincoln.B.Ulysses andLincoln.C.Nina Simoneand Carter.D.NinaSimoneand Ulysses.、4What doesthe lastparagraph mainlytalk aboutA.Bridgewaters musictheme.B.Bridgewaters musicexperience.C.Bridgewaters personalcharacters.D.Bridgewaters greatachievements.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文,从短

1.530文后各题所给的、、和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.A BC D（分）

26.30Vandna lovedsports anddid wellin herlessons ather highschool inCalifornia.When aheadache disturbedthe IS-year-old^walk toclass,she1it.“It was2she thought,uJust aheadache—harmless55But whenwalking toher nextclass,shewas3and collapsedtothefloor._4she couldhearother talking,she couldntspeak.She was5tothehospital。